饥饿对七星瓢虫捕食作用的影响

通过不同饥饿程度七星瓢虫雌、雄成虫对麦二叉蚜捕食作用的研究,得出：①饥饿不能改变七星瓢虫雌、雄成虫捕食作用的功能反应类型;②七星瓢虫雌、雄成虫间在各种饥饿条件下的捕食量差异均不显著;③七星瓢虫雌、雄成虫对麦二叉蚜的捕食量（Ｎａ）随着时间（ｔ）的变化,其模型分别是Ｎａ＝９０／１＋ｅ０．９４５３４－０．１５７４５ｔ和Ｎａ＝９０／１＋ｅ０．８７２８５－０．１２９８５ｔ;④七星瓢虫雌、雄成虫之间在２４ｈ内的捕食速度（Ｖ）差异不显著,其与时间段（ｘ）关系的模型分别为Ｖ＝８．３５５９ｘ－１．２４６０和Ｖ＝４．３４８７ｘ－０．５９６４。     

底物膜技术检测精子顶体酶活性的研究

应用底物膜技术检测１３０例正常精液,精子顶体酶活性百分率的正常值下限为５７％。４５９例不孕症病人精液分析,无精症２５例,其余４３４例中７５％精子顶体酶活性正常。实验表明精子密度对数值与顶体酶活性百分率之间有正相关,ｒ＝０．８４（Ｐ＜０．０１）,回归方程为顶体酶活性百分率ｙ＝４８．４３％＋（８．９％）（ｌｏｇ精子计数）。活动精子百分率与顶体酶活性之间有密切正相关,ｒ＝０．９６７,（Ｐ＜０．０１）,顶体酶活性ｙ＝３８．６％＋０、３６ｘ％。前向活跃直线运动精子百分率与顶体酶活性之间也有密切相关．ｒ＝０．９６,（Ｐ＜０．０１）,顶体酶活性ｙ＝３４．２１％＋０．６１ｘ％。     

裂叶沙参个体生长动态研究（1）：一个生长季地上部分的生长

在不同生境条件下的固定样地内,观察分析了裂叶沙参种群的地上部分在一个生长季的生长过程和物侯特点。生长于灌木群落下,裂叶沙参地上部分生物量生长（ｙ,ｇ）与时间（ｘ、ｄ）的关系可以用公式：ｙ＝０．２８７２－０．０１８７ｘ＋０．０００９ｘ＾２表示;地上各器官茎、叶、花枝、花芽、花和果的生物量（ｙ,克）与生长时间（ｘ,天）的关系可以用公式：ｙ＝ｂ０＋ｂ１ｘ＋ｂ２ｘ＾２表示。从４月１０日到８月１５日的速生期     

棉花体细胞再生过程中代谢物质变化规律的初探

本文对诱导起始到胚分化整个过程中的愈伤组织的代谢物质进行生理生化分析,得到如下结果：１、可溶性糖和淀粉含量随着培养天数增加逐渐下降,下降趋势分别符合方程ｙ＝１．０５７２－０．００５９ｘ,ｙ＝２．３４２－０．０１１４ｘ;２、蛋白质和核酸含量随着培养天数增加逐渐上升,上升趋势分别符合方程：ｙ＝０．２６１＋０．００５４ｘ,ｙ＝０．３２９＋０．００２３ｘ。     

植物微核技术在监测水质污染中的应用

应用韭菜微核技术,检测哈尔滨市量具刃具厂含铬废水的遗传毒性,试验表明：含铬废水可诱导韭菜和蚕豆根尖细胞产生微核,进行回归分析,其蚕豆对Ｃｒ＾＋６诱变剂回归分析为ｙ＝２４．９４＋１２７．７７ｘ（ｒ＝０．９９６,Ｐ〈０．０１）,韭菜对Ｃｒ＾＋６诱变剂回归广泛为：ｙ＝２１．７４＋１００．２３ｘ（ｒ＝０．９００,Ｐ〈０．０１）,ｒ＝１１．１７＋３．３８ｘ（ｒ＝０．７８１,Ｐ〈０．０５）,韭菜根尖微核技术具     

不同龄期异色瓢虫对烟蚜的捕食潜能研究

异色瓢虫是烟田烟蚜的优势天敌种类之一,本文在室内进行了异色瓢虫成虫及各龄幼虫对烟草蚜虫的捕食功能反应试验,采用Holling-Ⅱ型功能反应模型进行拟合以明确其捕食潜能,利用Hassell模型和Watt模型拟合并测定了异色瓢虫种内干扰以及自身密度对烟蚜捕食作用的影响,结果表明:异色瓢虫各虫态对烟蚜的捕食量有明显的差异,在相同的烟蚜密度条件下,异色瓢虫4龄幼虫的日最大捕食量最大,为107.41头;其次是成虫,其日最大捕食量为94.34头;3龄幼虫、2龄幼虫和1龄幼虫的日最大捕食量分别为40.32头、14.25头和12.15头。在一定空间和相同比例猎物存在的条件下,种内干扰作用对1龄异色瓢虫幼虫的捕食量影响最为明显,干扰常数为1.1731,而对4龄幼虫干扰最小。各虫态自身密度对其捕食作用的干扰效应明显,1-4龄异色瓢虫幼虫以及成虫的竞争参数b值分别为0.5199、0.1848、0.1351、0.6757、0.6528。本研究表明异色瓢虫对烟蚜捕食潜力很大,尤其是4龄幼虫及成虫对烟蚜具有较大的捕食潜能。     

饥饿对大草蛉雄成虫捕食作用的影响

对不同饥饿程度大草蛉雄成虫捕食作用影响的研究表明,饥饿不能改变大草蛉雄成虫捕食作用功能反应类型,饥饿对捕食量影响不显著;大草蛉雄成虫对麦二叉蚜的捕食量（Ｎａ）随着时间（ｔ）的变化,其模型为Ｎａ＝１００／１＋ｅ＾－０．３０８８－０．０９９６ｔ;大草蛉雄成虫在２４ｈ内的捕食速率（Ｖ）与其时间段（ｘ）的关系为Ｖ＝６．７１１７ｘ＾－０．７９２８;大草蛉雄成虫喜好选择捕食麦二叉蚜的低龄若蚜。     

异色瓢虫成虫对麦二叉蚜的捕食作用模型

通过异色瓢虫雌,雄成虫对麦二叉蚜捕食作用研究,得出：1．异色瓢虫雌、雄成虫对麦二叉蚜捕食作用的功能反应均是HollingⅡ型反应;2．异色瓢虫捕食麦二叉蚜时,同等数量的异色瓢虫雌雄混合的干扰作用大于同一性别成虫间的干扰作用;3．异色瓢虫雌、雄成虫均喜好捕食低龄若蚜．     

松嫩草原拂子茅种群密度制约的研究

植物种群的密度制约机制是种群生态学研究的重要内容之一。自６０年代初开始,国外已进行了大量的研究,但国内关于这方面的报道很少。本文研究了松嫩草原低湿地拂子茅种群密度的制约规律,结果表明,拂子茅种群生物量与密度呈极显著正相关,并按ｙ＝９９．６１＋２．４１ｅ－０．０１２ｘ曲线消长。平均个体重和平均个体体积与种群密度也呈极显著相关关系,并分别按ｙ＝４．８９ｘ－０．４７和ｙ＝４．０２ｘ－０．７１幂函数变化。但种群密度与以营养枝高度计算的种群体积没有显著的相关关系。     

干扰作用及空间异质性对七星瓢虫成虫捕食作用的影响

通过系统研究,得出：1)七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata雌雄成虫在捕食过程中麦秆数越多,环境阻力越大,捕食作用率越低;2)七星瓢虫与异色瓢虫 Harmonis axyridis 捕食过程中的种间干扰作用大于两种瓢虫的种内干扰作用;3)异色瓢虫(♀)种内竞争强度I与瓢虫数P的关系为I=0.0012+1.4072lgP;异色瓢虫(♂)种内竞争强度I与P的关系为I=0.0058+1.3942lgP;七星瓢虫(♀)种内竞争强度I与P的关系为I=-0.0072+0.7234lgP。异色瓢虫(♀)和七星瓢虫(♀)的种间竞争强度I与天敌数量(P)关系的模型为I=0.0539+1.1167 lgP,异色瓢虫(♀)和七星瓢虫(♂)的种间竞争强度I与P的模型为I=0.0018+1.1944lgP。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.