不同时期羊草群落光合速率与环境条件之间的关系模型

利用１９８１－１９８５年间,内蒙古典型草原羊草群落光合速率和环境因子观测资料,按４个不同时期进行逐步多元回归,得到４个回归方程如下：１．６月上中旬植物生长初期,群落光合主要与光照强度和温度有关。其回归方程是ｙ＝－０．６８３＋０．４４４ｘ１－０．０３９１ｘ＋０．０７４２ｘ３－０．００１６４ｘ＾２３（式中ｙ为羊草群我合速率ｇＣｏ２／ｍ＾７２．ｈ,ｘ１是光照强度１０ｋｌｘ,ｘ３为空气温度Ｃ）。方程的复相     

裂叶沙参个体生长动态研究（1）：一个生长季地上部分的生长

在不同生境条件下的固定样地内,观察分析了裂叶沙参种群的地上部分在一个生长季的生长过程和物侯特点。生长于灌木群落下,裂叶沙参地上部分生物量生长（ｙ,ｇ）与时间（ｘ、ｄ）的关系可以用公式：ｙ＝０．２８７２－０．０１８７ｘ＋０．０００９ｘ＾２表示;地上各器官茎、叶、花枝、花芽、花和果的生物量（ｙ,克）与生长时间（ｘ,天）的关系可以用公式：ｙ＝ｂ０＋ｂ１ｘ＋ｂ２ｘ＾２表示。从４月１０日到８月１５日的速生期     

葡萄糖测定方法的比较研究

比较了传统斐林定糖,葡萄糖氧化酶－过氧化物酶比色法,葡萄糖氧化酶电极自动分析仪法测定葡萄糖。比较测定了的结果显示,三法的平均标准误差（ＳＤ）,变异系数（ＣＶ）均十分接近。通过对此三种方法的回归相关性分析显示：斐林法－酶终点比色法的回归方程为ｙ＝０．９８４３ｘ＋６．３２３９,相关系数Ｒ＾２＝０．９９８９,斐林法－自动分析仪法的回归方程为ｙ＝１．００８８ｘ＋２．０４８３,相关系数Ｒ＾２＝０．９９９１,     

可逆三分子反应模型的系统分析

讨论了生化反应中一个可逆三分子反应的数学模型ｘ＝Ａ－（Ｂ＋１）ｘ＋ｘ~２ｙ－ｘ~３;ｙ＝Ｂｘ－ｘ~２ｙ＋ｘ~３,应用常微分方程定性方法进行了分析。得到系统的一切正初值的正半轨线有界;当Ｂ＜２Ａ~２＋１时系统不存在极限环;当Ｂ＞２Ａ~２ ＋１时系统存在唯一稳定的极限环．     

异色瓢虫若虫对麦三叉蚜的捕食作用

研究表明,异色瓢虫高龄若虫捕食麦二叉蚜的功能反应为ＨｏｌｌｉｎｇⅡ型反应,喜好捕食低龄若蚜;在４０℃下捕食率最低,１０℃次之,２５℃最高．在１０～２５℃内捕食率ｙ与温度ｘ的关系为ｙ＝２８．１３０３＋２．６６６５ｘ,在２５～４０℃内为ｙ＝１９９．９２７５－３．６４２ｘ;在种内干扰条件下,其捕食作用率Ｅ与开敌密度Ｐ的关系为Ｅ＝０．６８９７Ｐ－０．７９３０,搜索常数Ｑ为０．６８９７,干扰系数ｍ为０．７９３０;其分摊竞争强度Ｉ与异色瓢虫密度Ｐ的关系为Ｉ＝０．０４００＋１．０３８３ｌｏｇＰ．     

承德市油松针叶硫及重金属含量动态及其与大气SO2之间的关系

本文分析了承德市油松（ＰｉｎｕｓｔａｂｕｔａｅｆｏｒｍｉｓＣａｒｒ．）针叶硫和重金属含量变化及其与大气ＳＯ＿２浓度之间的相关性,探讨了油松针叶对大气ＳＯ＿２的生物监测作用,结果认为：植物Ｓ含量生长末期＞休眠期＞生长初期＞生长旺盛期（ｐ＜０．００１）;重金属中Ｐｂ表现为类似的规律,Ｓ和Ｐｂ含量分别从０．７５ｍｇ·ｇ￣（－１）和０．７μｇ·ｇ￣（－１）上升到１．５８ｍｇ·ｇ￣（－１）和２．０μｇ·ｇ￣（－１）。Ｎｉ变化不明显;Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ和Ｆｅ呈下降趋势,但Ｚｎ在休眠期略有回升。Ｍｎ在休眠期最高,但生长期也很高,其余季节相对较低。这种变化特点与大气中ＳＯ＿２和总悬浮颗植物（ＴＳＰ）的变化趋势基本一致;油松针叶Ｓ含量与大气ＳＯ＿２浓度之间具有很显著的相关性,其中火车站监测点生长季节相关公式Ｙ＝－０．０２６３＋０．０９６５Ｘ（ｒ＝０．８９１１,ｐ＜０．００１）;城区Ｙ＝０．０１２６＋０．０６１８Ｘ（ｒ＝０．７８４１,ｐ＜０．０１）。利用后者可对整个承德市区的大气ＳＯ＿２污染状况进行生物监测。     

稀疏效应下Ⅲ型功能反应系统的定性分析

本文对具稀疏效应和ＨｏｌｌｉｎｇⅢ型功能反应的食饵－捕食系统｛ｘ＝ｘ＾２（ｂ／ｓ＋ｘ－ａ）（１＋βｘ＾２）－ａｘ＾２ｙ,ｙ＝ｙ（ωｘ＾２－ｅ）进行了定性分析,给出了唯一正平衡点全局渐近稳定的充分条件等一些定性性质的判别准则和生态意义,系统中正参数的变化是大范围的。     

松嫩草原拂子茅种群密度制约的研究

植物种群的密度制约机制是种群生态学研究的重要内容之一。自６０年代初开始,国外已进行了大量的研究,但国内关于这方面的报道很少。本文研究了松嫩草原低湿地拂子茅种群密度的制约规律,结果表明,拂子茅种群生物量与密度呈极显著正相关,并按ｙ＝９９．６１＋２．４１ｅ－０．０１２ｘ曲线消长。平均个体重和平均个体体积与种群密度也呈极显著相关关系,并分别按ｙ＝４．８９ｘ－０．４７和ｙ＝４．０２ｘ－０．７１幂函数变化。但种群密度与以营养枝高度计算的种群体积没有显著的相关关系。     

影响禾谷缢管蚜种群密度的因子分析

运用回归分析、通径分析和网络理论探讨了小麦植株体内氨基酸、蔗糖、水分和温度、光照等因子对禾谷缢管蚜种群量及其胚胎数的单个影响和综合作用。结果表明,单个因子对麦蚜的作用符合二次多项式ｙ２＝ａ＋ｂ１ｘ＋ｂ２ｘ＾２或三次多项式ｙ３＝ａ＋ｂ１ｘ＋ｂ２ｘ＾２＋ｂ３ｘ＾３关系,５个因子的共同作用以多元非线性回归模型ｙ＝ａ＋ΣΣ（ｂｉｊｘｉ＾ｊ）＋ΣΣ（ｂｉｊｘｉ＇ｊ＇ｘｉ＾ｊｘｉ＇＾ｊ＇）拟合比较合理。计算结     

二氧化硫对蚕豆叶片H2O2累积和膜脂过氧化的影响

对经ＳＯ２熏气处理后,蚕豆叶片中Ｈ２Ｏ２的累积与膜脂过氧化关系进行了研究。低浓度ＳＯ２处理引起叶片中Ｈ２Ｏ２轻微累积,膜脂过氧化程度较低;较高浓度ＳＯ２引起Ｈ２Ｏ２含量增加,同时膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛含量也迅速增加,回归分析结果表明,ＳＯ２处理蚕豆叶片Ｈ２Ｏ２含量与丙二醛含量存在极显著的线性关系：ｙ＝３．５２９８＋０．０１６３ｘ,ｒ＝０．９３９７。     

大竹蛏胚胎发生及稚贝发育基本特征

在人工培育条件下,对大竹蛏(Solen grandis)胚胎发生及稚贝发育进行显微观察,探究大竹蛏胚胎及幼虫发育规律。结果表明,大竹蛏胚胎及幼虫发育过程为:受精卵、卵裂、囊胚期、原肠期、担轮幼虫、D形幼虫、稚贝。在日平均水温为22.4℃时,受精后20～24 h发育成D形幼虫,5～7 d变态为稚贝,38 d稚贝已具备成贝形态,壳长壳高比为2.60。从受精卵到附着所需积温为3 088.79～5 005.19℃.h。稚贝先形成出水管,后形成进水管,最终形成"一管双孔"。壳长与壳高关系式为y=150.37e0.002 7 x,x为壳高(μm),y为壳长(μm),R2=0.985 5,P0.01;壳长与日龄关系式为y=143.38e0.091 6 x,x为日龄(d),y为壳长(μm),R2=0.979 5,P0.01;壳高与日龄关系式为y=33.979 x-15.450,x为日龄(d),y为壳高(μm),R2=0.987 3,P0.01。     

Changes of the uterine size during pregnancy in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) (author's transl)]

This paper describes changes in the uterine size during the normal course of pregnancy in cynomolgus monkeys. Twenty-four females which had conceived by 3-day individual mating with a male were laparotomized 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,15 and 20 weeks after conception. The width, thickness and length of uterus were measured by a pair of callipers. Them, the uterine volume was estimated by the formula, V = 4/3 piab2 (a, b: uterine length x 1/2, uterine width x 1/2). The increase in the uterine width (y) during pregnancy could be expressed as a linear equation: y = 0.35x + 1.48 (x: weeks after conception). The thickness of pregnant uteri could be represented by a a linear equation: y = 0.36x + 1.40. From the 4th to the 20th week of pregnancy, the uterine length increased along a straight line expressed as a linear equation: y = 0.58x + 1.14. Except for nonpregnant uteri, the change in the uterine volume after pregnancy could be expressed as a linear logarithmic equation: log y = 2.319 log x -0.315. These 24 pregnant monkeys had followed the normal course of gestation until the time of laparotomy without any abnormality in their fetuses of their placentas, indicating that the values obtained throughout this study are of practical use for taking care of pregnant cynomolgus monkeys.     

黑线仓鼠种群数量动态预测研究

１９８４－１９９１年３－１０月,每月中旬在中国农科院草原研究所试验场的不同牧草和作物地进行调查,１９８４－１９９１年共捕获鼠４０９３只,其中黑线仓鼠２９２０只占７１．３４％。黑线仓鼠种群数量季节和年度变化明显,利用电子计算机对黑线仓鼠种数量进行分析,提出种群数量繁殖指数和动态模型以及短、中、长期预测公式、预测准确率为９０．０％。并对影响种群数量的因素进行了初步分析。     

Torque-velocity relationship in isokinetic cycling exercise

Seven healthy female subjects performed brief (less than 10 s) periods of maximal exercise on a constant-velocity cycle ergometer, over the functional range of pedaling velocities, and an isometric contraction with each leg. There was an inverse relationship between peak torque and pedal crank velocity in all subjects; isometric torque was (mean +/- SE) 19.8 +/- 8.3% greater than the torque recorded at the slowest velocity of 11 rpm. The torque-velocity relationship was described best by a single exponential equation: y = 189.6 X e-0.0834x, where y is peak torque in Newton . meters and x is crank velocity in revolutions per minute. Peak power was a parabolic function of crank velocity; the data were fitted suitably by a second-order polynomial equation: y = -0.0589x2 + 14.504x + 47.092, where y is peak power in watts and x is crank velocity in revolutions per minute. Maximal peak power occurred at crank velocities ranging from 120 to 160 rpm, when the torque was 0.36 +/- 0.06 of the maximal isometric tension. These results demonstrate the importance of recording velocity in measurements of dynamic maximal power.     

Doppler echo evaluation of pulmonary venous-left atrial pressure gradients: human and numerical model studies

The simplified Bernoulli equation relates fluid convective energy derived from flow velocities to a pressure gradient and is commonly used in clinical echocardiography to determine pressure differences across stenotic orifices. Its application to pulmonary venous flow has not been described in humans. Twelve patients undergoing cardiac surgery had simultaneous high-fidelity pulmonary venous and left atrial pressure measurements and pulmonary venous pulsed Doppler echocardiography performed. Convective gradients for the systolic (S), diastolic (D), and atrial reversal (AR) phases of pulmonary venous flow were determined using the simplified Bernoulli equation and correlated with measured actual pressure differences. A linear relationship was observed between the convective (y) and actual (x) pressure differences for the S (y = 0.23x + 0.0074, r = 0.82) and D (y = 0.22x + 0.092, r = 0.81) waves, but not for the AR wave (y = 0. 030x + 0.13, r = 0.10). Numerical modeling resulted in similar slopes for the S (y = 0.200x - 0.127, r = 0.97), D (y = 0.247x - 0. 354, r = 0.99), and AR (y = 0.087x - 0.083, r = 0.96) waves. Consistent with numerical modeling, the convective term strongly correlates with but significantly underestimates actual gradient because of large inertial forces.     

珍稀濒危保护植物蒙古扁桃的生长特性研究

通过连续9 a定株观测方法,研究了蒙古扁桃物候期对应气候因子指标、年株高变化、地径生长、冠幅变化及根系变化规律,结果表明:物候期与气温、地表温度、地温(15 cm)、空气湿度和水汽压等因子关系密切,而与蒸腾量和日照时数关系较疏;年株高变化符合直线方程:y=18.91 8x-0.780 6(R2=0.991 5);年地径变化符合直线方程:y=0.275 6x 0.348 6(R2=0.999 2);年冠幅变化符合指数方程:y=50.371e0.2527x(R2=0.989 9);根系纵向和横向生长趋势分别符合指数函数方程:y=12.914e0.7358x(R2=0.971 5)和y=17.126e0.6918x(R2=0.965 4),但纵向生长落后于横向生长,即侧根生长优于主根。     

猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病流行预测初探

对猕猴桃溃疡病流行分析表明,影响该病发生严重程度y的生态因子是3月中下旬降水x1和1月份均温x2,其模型是y=2.1359 0.0107x1-0.6061x2;猕猴桃溃疡病发生流行的主导因子为冬季及初春旬均温和降水量的相对变差,并且由此得到病害流行的回归方程为：y=-8.127 22.739x-13.254x^2,经检验,该方程达极显著水平。