IL－2部分拮抗剂可用于IL－2突变体对受体亚基结合能力的初步鉴定

用定点突变法分别得到了两个人白细胞介素-2(IL-2)的部分拮抗剂15Val-IL-2和126Asp-IL-2以及一个为IL-2受体α亚基结合缺陷型的突变体62Leu-IL-2,当将15Val-IL-2或126Asp-IL-2与62Leu-IL-2共同保温时,62Leu-IL-2的活性受到明显抑制,对此现象机理的分析表明15Val-IL-2或126Asp-IL-2可用于IL-2受体亚基结合缺陷型突变体的初步鉴定.同时,这一思路在其它受体-配基系统中具有一定的适用性.     

126Gln是人白细胞介素-2与其受体γ亚基结合的残基

人白细胞介素-2(IL-2)的126Gln是一个保守氨基酸,将126Gln突变为Asp后,测定了这一突变体与白细胞介素-2受体(IL-2R)不同亚基组合的结合能力,结果表明,突变体 126Asp-IL-2与 IL-2Rα βγ复合体可表现出较高的亲和力,与 IL-2 α,β复合体亲和力正常,而与 IL-2Rβγ复合体不具备亲和力.由此证实126Gln是人 IL-2与 IL-2Rγ亚基结合的残基.     

人白细胞介素-2结构与镇痛功能关系的研究

免疫调节因子白细胞介素-2(IL-2)具有中枢镇痛功能。实验采用基因定位突变技术,获得系列IL-2突变体,并测定其免疫学活性和镇痛能力,发现无免疫学活性的IL-2突变体20Leu-IL-2仍具有中枢镇痛能力,而44Leu-IL-2,45 Val-IL-2虽保留了免疫学活性,但其镇痛能力显著性下降或消失,阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮能够阻断IL-2的中枢镇痛作用,而不能影响IL-2对CTLL-2细胞的增殖作用。抗内源性阿片肽血清与IL-2能发生明显的交叉反应。实验结果提示,IL-2分子是通过由第45位Tyr残基及空间上相近的Phe残基等组成的镇痛功能位点与阿片受体相结合而发挥镇痛效应。     

白细胞介素－2镇痛功能位点的研究

白细胞介素-2(IL-2)是重要的免疫调节因子,近来发现还有中枢镇痛作用,用不同IL-2突变体测定其对大鼠痛阈的影响,发现完全丧失免疫刺激作用的20Leu-IL-2(20Asp→Leu)仍能显著提高大鼠的痛阈,其作用强度与天然IL-2无显著差异,而另一突变体45Val-IL-2(45Tyr→Val)虽保留免疫学活性却不能提高大鼠的痛阈.这些结果证明IL-2分子中具有镇痛作用与具有免疫作用的功能位点是相互独立的;IL-2分子中第45位Tyr对IL-2镇痛作用的发挥起重要作用.     

人白细胞介素－2的两个部分拮抗剂

通过定点诱变技术得到６个生物活性剧烈下降的人白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）突变体,其中两个突变体即１５Ｖａｌ－ＩＬ－２和１２６Ａｓｐ－ＩＬ－２可以在一定浓度范围内使ＩＬ－２的生物效应降低。在对高亲和力ＩＬ－２受体（ＩＬ－２Ｒ）的竞争抑制实验中,１５Ｖａｌ－ＩＬ－２和１２６Ａｓｐ－Ｉｌ－２又表现了一定的竞争能力。这些结果表明１５Ｖａｌ－ＩＬ－２和１２６Ａｓｐ－ＩＬ－２可部分拮抗天然ＩＬ－２的作用。结合Ｉ     

利用大肠杆菌外膜蛋白A分泌表达人IL-6R突变体

白介素6(IL-6)是一种多功能的细胞因子,但其过高表达又往往与许多疾病的发生和发展有关,因而有必要构建白介素6受体(IL-6R)拮抗剂,用于拮抗IL-6的作用。可溶性IL-6R(sIL-6R)只能起IL-6激动剂作用,而与IL-6结合但不能与gp130相互作用的sIL-6R突变体则有可能拮抗IL-6的作用。为此,我们构建了sIL-6Rα亚基的突变体分子,并利用大肠杆菌外膜蛋白A(ompA)分泌信号肽分泌表达了双突变体C277D/H280I。     

人IL—6及其受体拮抗剂的研究进展

人IL－6及其受体拮抗剂的研究主要集中于两个方面：单克隆抗体和突变体,针对人IL－6和人IL－6R的活性区域构建的单克隆抗体对于临床治疗多发性骨髓瘤显示出了很好的短期疗效,根据与生长激素（GH）及其受体复合物GH／（GHbp)2的结构对比,推测人IL－6和IL－6Ra的活性位点,结合定点突变技术,设计IL－6突变体,IL－6R突变体和IL－6突变体－IL－6Ra融合蛋白,它们对天然hIL-6的生物活性显示出了明显的拮抗作用。     

新型基因重组白细胞介素-2的研究开发

本文根据IL- 2基因定点突变研究所提供的有关IL- 2结构和功能重要信息 ,特别是某些关键氨基酸残基的改变对IL- 2生物活性影响 ,探讨了IL- 2和IL- 2受体相互作用关系、新型IL- 2的研制方法和变异IL -2作用机制 ,并提出设计新型天然IL -2单位点到多位点突变的策略 ,从而指导研制更有效或毒副作用降低的新型IL- 2类似物。     

白细胞介素－2活化DNA结合因子的研究

用凝胶阻滞分析的方法, 发现鼠T淋巴细胞系CTLL-2在白细胞介素-2(IL-2)刺激下可活化一个DNA结合因子, 它与γ-干扰素活化序列(GAS)专一性结合, 命名这个DNA结合因子为白细胞介素-2活化核因子(IL-2-NAF).IL-2-NAF的活化非常迅速, 不需要新的蛋白质合成, 并且它的活化程度随着IL-2刺激细胞的时间的不同而发生相应的变化. 进一步研究表明, IL-2-NAF的活化过程是通过酪氨酸激酶的信号传递途径, 并且它本身的酪氨酸残基也被磷酸化, 酪氨酸残基的磷酸化为其结合DNA所必需. IL-4、γ-IFN刺激CTLL-2细胞不活化与GAS专一性结合的因子. 而在Hut-102细胞中, IL-2、IL-4均可活化GAS结合因子, 但活化程度较弱.     

白细胞介素—2中枢镇痛作用途径的作用

抗ＩＬ－２受体α亚基的单克隆抗体不能阻断ＩＬ－２的中枢镇痛作用,以及丧失与ＩＬ－２受体β亚基结合能力的ＩＬ－２突变体仍具有提高大鼠阈的能力,这表明ＩＬ－２的中枢镇痛作用并不是通过ＩＬ－２受体所介导,亦表示ＩＬ－２的免疫和镇痛作用是通过不同的受体途径实现的。     

Direct regulation of IL-2 by curcumin

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a crucial growth factor for both regulatory and effector T cells. Thus, IL-2 plays a critical role in the stimulation and suppression of immune responses. Recently, anti-IL-2 antibodies (Abs) have been shown to possess strong IL-2 modulatory activities by affecting the interaction between IL-2 and IL-2 receptors. In this study, we screened an herbal library to identify a compound that regulates IL-2, which resulted in the identification of curcumin as a direct binder and inhibitor of IL-2. Curcumin is a phytochemical with well-known anti-cancer properties. In this study, curcumin mimicked or altered the binding pattern of anti-IL-2 Abs against IL-2 and remarkably inhibited the interaction of recombinant IL-2 with the IL-2 receptor α, CD25. Interestingly, curcumin neutralized the biological activities of IL-2 both in vitro and in vivo. In this report, we elucidated the unsolved mechanism of the anti-cancer effect of curcumin by identifying IL-2 as a direct molecular target. Curcumin, as a small molecule IL-2 modulator, has the potential to be used to treat IL-2 related pathologic conditions.     

金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A对H22小鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

旨在探讨金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A(SEA)在KM鼠体内的抑瘤效果.建立H22荷瘤小鼠模型,将20只小鼠随机分为对照组(生理盐水)、低剂量组(15 μg/ml)、中剂量组(25 μg/ml)和高剂量组(50 μg/ml),观察肿瘤生长趋势,计算抑瘤率,通过ELISA检测IL-2的含量.结果显示,给药组肿瘤生长趋势均较对照组缓慢;对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的抑瘤率分别为0,28.9%,34.0%,51.0%(P<0.05);血清中IL-2含量分别为58.9 pg/ml、83.6 pg/ml、91.8 pg/ml、118.1 pg/ml.金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A(SEA)可抑制H22肿瘤的生长,并上调IL-2的分泌.     

Th2与ILC2细胞在哮喘模型中的数量及产生细胞因子的比较研究

目的比较过敏原依赖和非依赖性哮喘模型中2型辅助性T细胞(Th2 cell)和固有淋巴样2型细胞(type 2innate lymphoid cell,ILC2)的功能。方法滴鼻法制备过敏原卵清蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)和上皮源性细胞因子(IL-25、IL-33)诱导的亚急性和慢性哮喘小鼠模型。收集小鼠肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalvelar lavage fluid,BALF)进行细胞计数;取左肺进行石蜡包埋、切片和HE染色;右肺行流式细胞术,以分析在不同时间点各组小鼠Th2细胞和ILC2细胞数目和占肺组织总细胞比例,并对Th2型细胞因子的来源进行分析。结果与生理盐水组相比,各实验组BALF中总细胞数明显增加; HE染色可见OVA、IL-25和IL-33均可诱导哮喘典型病理学改变;各实验组肺组织中Th2细胞与ILC2细胞均明显上升,数量上以Th2细胞为主,两者均可产生Th2型细胞因子IL-5和IL-13,且以Th2细胞为主。而在致哮喘样改变、促进Th2细胞和ILC2细胞在小鼠肺部聚集等方面,以IL-33的效应最强。结论在过敏原OVA和非过敏原IL-25、IL-33诱导的哮喘模型中,Th2型细胞因子主要来源均为Th2细胞,提示Th2细胞在哮喘的发生、发展中起到主要作用。IL-33可能是过敏性和非过敏性哮喘患者个体化治疗的潜在靶点。     

Therapy with interleukin-2 induces the systemic release of phospholipase-A2

Therapy with interleukin-2 (IL-2) induces remissions in some forms of cancer. This treatment however, is accompanied by side-effects which, in part, may be mediated by the formation of eicosanoids and plateletactivating factor. We investigated the systemic release of phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂), a rate-limiting enzyme in the formation of these lipid mediators, in patients receiving IL-2. In a pilot study of 4 patients we observed an increase in PLA₂ activity in serial plasma samples obtained during the first day after a bolus infusion of IL-2, which increase closely correlated with that of antigen levels of secretory phospholipase A₂ (sPLA₂) as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (r=0.92;P<0.001). In 20 patients, receiving 12×10⁶–18×10⁶ IU IL-2/m², we then investigated the course of antigenic levels of sPLA₂ in relation to those of the cytokines tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (both cytokines may induce sPLA₂ in vivo). From 4 h on, sPLA₂ levels significantly increased, reaching a peak 24 h after the IL-2 infusion. Subsequent IL-2 infusions even induced a further increase of sPLA₂. This increase of sPLA₂ was presumably not due to a direct effect of IL-2 on, for example, hepatocytes, since this cytokine, in contrast to IL-1, IL-6, TNF and interferon , was not able to induce the synthesis of sPLA₂ by Hep G2 cells in vitro. Consistent with this, plasma levels of TNF and IL-6 in the patients rose, reaching peak levels before a zenith of sPLA₂ occurred, i.e at 2 h and 4 h after the start of the IL-2 infusion respectively. sPLA₂ levels significantly correlated with the development of the side-effects increase in body weight (r=0.49;P<0.0001) and decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (r=0.40;P<0.0001). Moreover, maximum sPLA₂ levels induced by IL-2 were higher in patients who had progressive disease after therapy than in patients who had stable disease or a partial response.     

冠心病患者血清IL-37水平及其与血清IL-6、IL-10、CRP水平的关系

目的:探讨不同类型冠心病患者血清白介素-37(IL-37)的水平及其与血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-10(IL-10)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平的关系。方法:选取急性心肌梗死患者20例(AMI组)、不稳定性心绞痛患者26例(UAP组)、稳定性心绞痛患者20例(SAP组)及冠脉造影正常者26例(CON组)为研究对象,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定其血清IL-37、IL-6、IL-10和CRP的水平并分析其相关性。结果:1UAP组、AMI组血清IL-37水平均较对照组(CON组)显著增高(p0.05),而SAP组与CON组比较无明显差异(P0.05)。2冠心病患者的血清IL-37水平与其血清CRP(r=0.3,P0.05)、IL-6(r=0.4,P0.05)水平均存在显著正相关性,与IL-10水平无明显相关(P=0.16)。当排除SAP组患者后,冠心病患者的血清IL-37水平与CRP(r=0.3,P0.05)、IL-6(r=0.5,P0.05)、IL-10(r=0.2,P0.05)水平均显著相关。结论:急性冠脉综合症(ACS)患者的血清IL-37水平显著升高,并与IL-6、IL-10、CRP水平相关,可能参与了ACS发病过程中的炎症反应。     

Effective Induction of Human NK Cells with OK-432 and Further Augmentation of Their Cytolytic Function by rIL-2

Low concentrations of exogenously added recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) were able to augment OK-432-induced natural killer (NK) cell activity. This kind of augmenting effect depended on the dose of rIL-2 and manifested itself only in PBMC stimulated with OK-432 (OK-MC) followed by rIL-2; augmentation did not happen in the reverse order. The existence of CD16⁺/CD25⁺ (IL-2 receptor positive; IL-2R⁺) and CD57⁺/CD25⁺ double positive cells which possess NK cell surface markers in OK-MC markedly increased in a long-term culture (12 days). A strong positive correlation was observed between the IL-2-dependent augmentation of NK activity and the quantitative changes in cell populations that possessed NK cell phenotypes. Treatment of the day-12-OK-MC with monoclonal anti-CD56 antibody plus complement could almost completely abrogate the augmented NK cytotoxicity. Furthermore, this augmenting effect was detectable within 4 hr after addition of rIL-2 at single cell level, suggesting that the effect did not require NK cell's DNA synthesis. Thus it was suggested that OK-432 could promote and upregulate the expression of IL-2 receptor (CD25) on CD56⁺ NK cell populations. Moreover, it was considered that the interaction of low concentration rIL-2 with IL-2 receptors on OK-432-activated NK cells could augment their lytic function.     

鸡白细胞介素2增强传染性法氏囊病病毒多聚蛋白DNA疫苗免疫原性的研究

鸡白细胞介素 2(IL-2)基因是新近被确定的非哺乳类IL-2基因。将鸡白细胞介素2(IL-2)基因和传染性法氏囊病病毒 (IBDV)多聚蛋白基因 (VP2/VP4/VP3)分别插入真核表达载体pCI的CMV启动子下游 ,制备DNA疫苗 ,免疫 14日龄SPF鸡 ,14d后二免 ,二免后 3d攻击标准强毒株。结果表明共注射鸡IL 2质粒能明显增强DNA疫苗对强毒攻击 ,保护率达 80 % ;能增强DNA疫苗诱导的中和抗体效价 (P<0.05 ) ;能显著促进鸡胸腺、脾脏和外周血液T淋巴细胞及法氏囊B淋巴细胞增殖反应(P<0.05)。这些结果提示鸡IL 2能明显增强IBDV多聚蛋白DNA疫苗的免疫原性 ,是一种优良的禽类DNA疫苗佐剂。     

In vivo effects of human recombinant tumor necrosis factor alone and in combination with other biological response modifiers on human digestive organ cancer xenografts transplanted in nude mice

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of rTNF alone or in combination with other BRMs on human digestive organ cancers. Six kinds of human digestive organ cancer xenografts (esophageal, stomach, colonic, pancreatic, bile duct, and liver cancers: EC-YO, GC-YN, CC-KK, PC-HN, BDC-SN and Li-7, respectively) were transplanted in nude mice, and rTNF was administered at 10³, 5 × 10³, or 10⁴U/head directly into the tumor 3 times a week for 2 weeks. EC-YO was the most sensitive to rTNF, and intratumoral administration of rTNF at 10³ U/head caused tumor regression. PC-HN, CC-KK and GC-YN were relatively sensitive to rTNF, and their growth was significantly inhibited by rTNF at 5 × 10³ U/head, however, the tumors regrew after treatment. Li-7 and BDC-SN were resistant to rTNF. The effects of rTNF in combination with recombinant interferon- (rIFN-), recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2), or streptococcal preparation OK-432 were assessed in mice transplanted with GC-YN. All combinations of rTNF at 5 × 10³ U/head and other BRMs were more effective than rTNF alone, and GC-YN tumors were completely regressed after treatment with a combination of rTNF and rIFN- or rTNF and OK-432. However in all cases, the combination of rTNF at 10³ U/head and any other BRM did not improve the effect. Furthermore, the adverse effects of the combinations were more serious than those of rTNF alone.TNF may still be a useful cytokine, because it can induce the regression of tumors. However, for its clinical application, a method should be developed to reduce its side effects.     

白细胞介素-2加强小鼠T淋巴细胞产生白细胞介素-3

本文报道了白细胞介素-2(IL-2)刺激ConA(5μg/ml)活化的小鼠T细胞产生的条件培养液(TCM)中含有CFU-GEMM诱导活性。这种CFU-GEMM诱导活性的生成在IL-2作用后48h达到高峰。特异性抗IL-3单克降抗体可以完全中和该条件培养液中的CFU-GEMM诱导活性。进一步证明,TCM可以刺激IL-3依赖细胞系FDC-P_1细胞的增殖;在IL-2作用于ConA活化的T细胞后可促进其细胞表达高水平的IL-3mRNA。这些结果表明IL-2可以加强小鼠T细胞产生IL-3。