表达HPV16E6和E7蛋白的非复制型重组痘苗病毒的构建

为研制HPV16的治疗性疫苗,首先将表达质粒pJSA1175与非复制型痘苗病毒NTVJTK+进行同源重组,构建了痘苗重组病毒NTVJLac.再将表达质粒pJSDME6E7R与NTVJLac进行同源重组,构建了表达HPV16 E6和E7蛋白的非复制型重组痘苗病毒NTVJmE6E7,并对获得的重组病毒进行了鉴定.Southern杂交显示,重组痘苗病毒NTVJmE6E7基因组中有E6和E7基因插入.该重组病毒在人源细胞中不复制.Western blot显示,重组病毒在人源TK-143细胞中能表达E6和E7蛋白.非复制型重组痘苗病毒NTVJmE6E7可作为HPV16相关肿瘤及其癌前病变免疫治疗的实验性疫苗株.     

表达人乳头瘤病毒16型E6/E7融合蛋白的非复制型重组痘苗病毒的构建及免疫效果观察

采用基因工程方法将HPV16E6、E7基因融合后插入痘苗病毒载体,通过同源重组构建表达人乳头瘤病毒16型E6/E7融合蛋白的非复制型重组痘苗病毒疫苗,用C57BL/6小鼠观察其免疫原性和抗肿瘤移植情况。测序结果表明融合的HPV16E6、E7基因序列与设计相符;构建的非复制型重组痘苗病毒经Dot blot鉴定,显示有E6、E7融合基因的插入;Western blot检测表明该重组病毒在鸡胚成纤维细胞中能表达HPV16型E6/E7融合蛋白。动物免疫试验表明,该重组病毒在小鼠体内可诱发E6、E7特异性抗体;被免疫小鼠能抵抗TC-1肿瘤细胞的攻击。此结果为将来进一步研制HPV16、18型联合疫苗打下了基础。     

流行性乙型脑炎病毒GSS株prM、E和NS1蛋白基因的克隆及在非复制型痘苗病毒中的表达

克隆流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)病毒野毒(JEV)GSS株前膜蛋白信号序列、前膜蛋白(prM)、包膜蛋白(E)、非结构蛋白-1(NSl)和非结构蛋白NS2a的编码基因,并与非复制型痘苗病毒载体NTV进行同源重组,构建了乙脑病毒非复制型重组痘苗病毒疫苗株NTVA(E／L)JEV。通过：PCR和Southern blot检测证明,在非复制型痘苗病毒中有乙暗病毒prM信号序列、prM、E、NS1和NS2a基因的插入：Western blot检测证明,重组病毒可以在细胞内成功地表达prM、E和NSl蛋白,并可将prM、E和NSl蛋白分泌到细胞培养上清中;免疫荧光检测证明,E和NSl蛋白主要分布在细胞膜上。电镜下可见分泌到细胞外的病毒样颗粒。     

表达小鼠粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子的重组非复制型痘苗病毒的构建及鉴定

目的:以非复制型痘苗病毒天坛株为载体表达小鼠粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF),并体外鉴定其生物学活性。方法:构建含有小鼠GM-CSF的重组痘苗病毒质粒,与非复制型痘苗病毒进行同源重组,筛选表达小鼠GM-CSF的重组痘苗病毒rNTVGMCSFLacZ,对目的基因及蛋白的表达进行鉴定,并在体外检测目的蛋白的生物学活性。结果:构建的重组病毒rNTVGMCSFLacZ中正确插入了小鼠GM-CSF基因,Western印迹结果表明其能正确表达GM-CSF,且在体外证明rNTVGMCSFLacZ表达的小鼠GM-CSF能分泌到细胞外,具有生物学活性。结论:构建了一株能分泌表达有生物学活性的小鼠GM-CSF的重组非复制型痘苗病毒。     

双表达狂犬病毒基因的非复制型痘苗病毒改建及免疫效果

为减少重组病毒非必需外源基因,进一步提高非复制重组痘苗病毒狂犬病疫苗的安全性,本研究改建不含报道基因LacZ的双表达狂犬病毒Ag株G、N的非复制重组痘苗病毒VTKRG△CKRN.采用G418-neo富集、蓝白斑及免疫蚀斑筛选等方法,以表达狂犬病毒糖蛋白(RG)基因的非复制重组痘苗病毒VTKRG△CKlacZ作为亲本株,利用同源重组原理,删除C与K片断间lacZ,并将狂犬病毒核蛋白(RN)基因插入C-K片段间.经核酸及蛋白水平检测表明VTKRG△CKRN能同时稳定有效地表达狂犬病毒G和N,并具有非复制病毒生长特性.重组病毒裸鼠毒力实验表明VTKRG△CKRN较复制型重组痘苗病毒VTKRG病毒毒力显著减弱.VTKRG△CKRN免疫小鼠可诱生较高有效中和抗体,并能保护小鼠免于致死剂量狂犬病毒攻击.以1.6×106PFU较低免疫剂量、仅一次免疫狗可保护狗经致死量中国狂犬病毒街毒株SBD株攻击后存活,诱生具有保护性中和抗体.非复制狂犬-痘苗重组病毒VTKRG△CKRN免疫效果好、更具安全性.     

适用于疫苗株筛选的痘苗病毒载体的构建

为构建适用于疫苗株筛选的痘苗病毒载体,利用标记瞬时稳定的原理,在痘苗病毒单选择标记载体psc65的基础上,构建成带有neo和LacZ双选择标记的痘苗病毒载体pVI75.为检验载体pVI75的有效性,将HIV-1合成基因syngpnef插入到载体pVI75上,构建成转移质粒pVI75-syngpnef,并与天坛株752-1痘苗病毒共转染CEF细胞.筛选得到的重组病毒经PCR和Dot blot检验表明,标记基因已被删除,而目的基因被整合到痘苗病毒基因组上.Westem blot检测结果表明,目的基因的表达正确.痘苗病毒载体pVI75的构建使得疫苗株筛选的工作量大为降低,时间大大缩短,为利用痘苗病毒载体构建重组病毒疫苗株的研究提供了参考.     

16型人乳头瘤病毒衣壳蛋白在真核细胞中的表达

为了构建HPV16型晚期蛋白重组杆状病毒,并使其在昆虫细胞中获得高效表达.首先构建2株重组杆状病毒转移质粒,分别携带人乳头瘤病毒晚期基因L1及L1和L2,再用线性化的杆状病毒DNA与该重组杆状病毒转移质粒共转染sf9昆虫细胞进行同源重组,获得2株重组杆状病毒.经鉴定该重组病毒中有目的基因存在且可表达所编码的L1或L2晚期蛋白.结果表明HPV16型晚期蛋白在昆虫细胞中获得成功表达,为HPV16型预防性基因工程亚单位疫苗的研制和诊断试剂的研究开发奠定了基础.     

双表达狂犬病毒基因的非复制型痘苗病毒改建及免疫效果

为减少重组病毒非必需外源基因,进一步提高非复制重组痘苗病毒狂犬病疫苗的安全性,本研究改建不含报道基因LacZ的双表达狂犬病毒aG株G、N的非复制重组痘苗病毒VTKRGΔCKRN。采用G418-neo富集、蓝白斑及免疫蚀斑筛选等方法,以表达狂犬病毒糖蛋白(RG)基因的非复制重组痘苗病毒VTKRG△CKlacZ作为亲本株,利用同源重组原理,删除C与K片断间lacZ,并将狂犬病毒核蛋白(RN)基因插入C-K片段间。经核酸及蛋白水平检测表明VTKRGΔCKRN能同时稳定有效地表达狂犬病毒G和N,并具有非复制病毒生长特性。重组病毒裸鼠毒力实验表明VTKRG△CKRN较复制型重组痘苗病毒VTKRG病毒毒力显著减弱。VTKRGΔCKRN免疫小鼠可诱生较高有效中和抗体,并能保护小鼠免于致死剂量狂犬病毒攻击。以1.6×106PFU较低免疫剂量、仅一次免疫狗可保护狗经致死量中国狂犬病毒街毒株SBD株攻击后存活,诱生具有保护性中和抗体。非复制狂犬-痘苗重组病毒VTKRGΔCKRN免疫效果好、更具安全性。     

甲3型流感病毒M2基因在痘苗病毒天坛株中的表达

为获得表达甲3型流感病毒(H3N2)M2蛋白的重组天坛株痘苗病毒RVJ1175M2,使用PCR方法扩增流感病毒全长M2基因,将其克隆到天坛株痘苗病毒同源重组质粒pJSC1175中,获得重组质粒pJSC1175M2,通过与痘苗病毒载体同源重组,构建了含流感病毒M2基因的重组痘苗病毒株RVJ1175M2。PCR检测结果证明,流感病毒(H3N2)M2蛋白基因准确插入到天坛株痘苗病毒TK区;Western blot、免疫荧光和流式细胞计数表明重组病毒RVJ1175M2可以有效地表达M2蛋白,表达的M2蛋白有两条带,分别为15kD和13kD,与相关文献报道一致;M2蛋白可有效分布在感染细胞的细胞膜上。这些结果表明重组痘苗病毒株RVJ1175M2可以有效地表达流感病毒M2蛋白,为使用表达M2蛋白的不同类型疫苗进行广谱流感疫苗效果的比较研究奠定了基础。     

EIAV env基因在痘苗病毒中的表达及其免疫效果的观察

将马传贫驴白细胞弱毒疫苗及其亲本株env基因克隆到痘苗病毒表达载体pSC65的pE/L启动子下游,通过同源重组插入到痘苗病毒天坛株基因组TK区,经蓝白斑筛选获得重组痘苗病毒rvv-DLVenv和rvv-LNenv,Western blot检测目的蛋白的表达,结果表明重组痘苗病毒能够有效表达完整的EIAV Env蛋白,其肌肉接种免疫小鼠后,表达的目的蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,能够诱导机体产生有效的体液和细胞免疫应答,其中以细胞免疫效果更为显著,CTL特异性裂解最高可达28%.本研究为EIAV基因工程疫苗的开发研制奠定了基础.     

重组原核表达载体pQE30-HPV58L1的构建及鉴定

目的：构建重组原核表达载体以获得HPV58L1活性蛋白,为进一步研制HPV58基因工程疫苗打下基础。方法：用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增HPV58L1完整编码区基因,将PCR扩增产物克隆至pUC19质粒中并测序。利用pQE30质粒载体构建重组原核表达载体pQE30-HPV58L1,并通过酶切电泳验证重组结果的正确性。结果：PCR扩增出1.6Kb特异性片段,经克隆至pUC19后测序表明序列同源性与Gen-Bank报道一致。重组质粒pQE30-HPV58L1酶切后显示其大小约5.1Kb,酶切图谱与预期相同。结论：成功构建了重组原核表达载体pQE30-HPV58L1。     

Replication of modified vaccinia virus Ankara in primary chicken embryo fibroblasts requires expression of the interferon resistance gene E3L

Highly attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) serves as a candidate vaccine to immunize against infectious diseases and cancer. MVA was randomly obtained by serial growth in cultures of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF), resulting in the loss of substantial genomic information including many genes regulating virus-host interactions. The vaccinia virus interferon (IFN) resistance gene E3L is among the few conserved open reading frames encoding viral immune defense proteins. To investigate the relevance of E3L in the MVA life cycle, we generated the deletion mutant MVA-DeltaE3L. Surprisingly, we found that MVA-DeltaE3L had lost the ability to grow in CEF, which is the first finding of a vaccinia virus host range phenotype in this otherwise highly permissive cell culture. Reinsertion of E3L led to the generation of revertant virus MVA-E3rev and rescued productive replication in CEF. Nonproductive infection of CEF with MVA-DeltaE3L allowed viral DNA replication to occur but resulted in an abrupt inhibition of viral protein synthesis at late times. Under these nonpermissive conditions, CEF underwent apoptosis starting as early as 6 h after infection, as shown by DNA fragmentation, Hoechst staining, and caspase activation. Moreover, we detected high levels of active chicken alpha/beta IFN (IFN-alpha/beta) in supernatants of MVA-DeltaE3L-infected CEF, while moderate IFN quantities were found after MVA or MVA-E3rev infection and no IFN activity was present upon infection with wild-type vaccinia viruses. Interestingly, pretreatment of CEF with similar amounts of recombinant chicken IFN-alpha inhibited growth of vaccinia viruses, including MVA. We conclude that efficient propagation of MVA in CEF, the tissue culture system used for production of MVA-based vaccines, essentially requires conserved E3L gene function as an inhibitor of apoptosis and/or IFN induction.     

Self-assembly of human papillomavirus type 1 capsids by expression of the L1 protein alone or by coexpression of the L1 and L2 capsid proteins.

Vaccinia virus vectors were used to express the major (L1) and minor (L2) capsid proteins of human papillomavirus type 1 (HPV-1) with the vaccinia virus early (p7.5K) or late (pSynth, p11K) promoters. All constructs expressed the appropriate-sized HPV proteins, and both L1 and L2, singly or in combination, localized to the nucleus. Capsids were purified by cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation from nuclei of cells infected with a vaccinia virus-L1 (vac-L1) recombinant or a vac-L1-L2 recombinant but not from vac-L2-infected cells. Electron microscopy showed that the particles were 55 nm in diameter and had icosahedral symmetry. Immunogold-labeled antibodies confirmed the presence of the L1 and L2 proteins in the HPV-1 capsids. Capsids containing L1 alone were fewer and more variable in size and shape than capsids containing the L1 and L2 proteins. The L1-plus-L2 capsids were indistinguishable in appearance from HPV-1 virions obtained from plantar warts. The ability to produce HPV capsids in vitro will be useful in many studies of HPV pathogenicity.     

表达传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)VP2基因的重组马立克氏病病毒的构建

传染性法氏囊病（Infectious bursal disease,IBD）是一种由鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒（Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV）引起的危害3～12周龄青年鸡的急性、高度接触性传染病.IBDV属于双RNA病毒科的禽双RNA病毒属,其基因组由A和B两个节段组成.研究表明,IBDV主要的抗原性及致病性位点均位于A片段,其中VP2蛋白具有血清型特异性位点,并能诱导产生抗病毒的血清中和抗体,是该病毒的主要抗原.     

截短型人乳头瘤病毒58型L1蛋白的表达及其体外生物活性研究

利用PCR技术克隆截短型HPV58 L1基因并重组入杆状病毒表达系统穿梭质粒pFastBac-Htb,通过转座反应,将目的基因片段重组入杆状病毒基因组,分离重组的Bacmid DNA, 并转染Sf-9昆虫细胞,收集被转染的Sf-9细胞,提取细胞蛋白,SDS-PAGE检测可见在大约58Kda处出现一新生蛋白条带,Western blot 证实为HPV58L1蛋白。用ProBondTM纯化系统纯化所表达的蛋白。小鼠红细胞凝集试验证实纯化的蛋白可介导小鼠红细胞凝集,透射电镜观察证实纯化蛋白可自组装成VLP。结果表明昆虫杆状病毒表达系统可高效表达截短型HPV58L1蛋白,纯化后的截短型HPV58L1蛋白在体外可自组装VLP,并具有介导小鼠红细胞凝集的生物学活性。     

表达LacZ基因的重组CVI988病毒的构建及特性研究

马立克氏病（MD）是一种鸡的淋巴增生性肿瘤疾病,是由马立克氏病病毒血清1型（Marek＇s disease virus serotype 1,MDV1）引起的,但是,可以由致弱的或天然不致病的疫苗株进行防制。疫苗株分为三种类型：致弱的血清1型,天然不致瘤的血清2型（MDV2）和天然不致病的火鸡疱疹病毒（HVT）。     

Vaccinia virus WR gene A5L is required for morphogenesis of mature virions

The vaccinia virus WR A5L open reading frame (corresponding to open reading frame A4L in vaccinia virus Copenhagen) encodes an immunodominant late protein found in the core of the vaccinia virion. To investigate the role of this protein in vaccinia virus replication, we have constructed a recombinant virus, vA5Li, in which the endogenous gene has been deleted and an inducible copy of the A5 gene dependent on isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) for expression has been inserted into the genome. In the absence of inducer, the yield of infectious virus was dramatically reduced. However, DNA synthesis and processing, viral protein expression (except for A5), and early stages in virion formation were indistinguishable from the analogous steps in a normal infection. Electron microscopy revealed that the major vaccinia virus structural form present in cells infected with vA5Li in the absence of inducer was immature virions. Viral particles were purified from vA5Li-infected cells in the presence and absence of inducer. Both particles contained viral DNA and the full complement of viral proteins, except for A5, which was missing from particles prepared in the absence of inducer. The particles prepared in the presence of IPTG were more infectious than those prepared in its absence. The A5 protein appears to be required for the immature virion to form the brick-shaped intracellular mature virion.     

Expression of functional Bunyamwera virus L protein by recombinant vaccinia viruses.

A cDNA containing the complete coding sequence of the Bunyamwera virus (family Bunyaviridae) L genome segment has been constructed and cloned into two recombinant vaccinia virus expression systems. In the first, the L gene is under control of vaccinia virus P7.5 promoter; in the second, the L gene is under control of the bacteriophage T7 phi 10 promoter, and expression of the L gene requires coinfection with a second recombinant vaccinia virus which synthesizes T7 RNA polymerase. Both systems express a protein which is the same size as the Bunyamwera virus L protein and is recognized by a monospecific L antiserum. The expressed L protein was shown to be functional in synthesizing Bunyamwera virus RNA in a nucleocapsid transfection assay: recombinant vaccinia virus-infected cells were transfected with purified Bunyamwera virus nucleocapsids, and subsequently, total cellular RNA was analyzed by Northern (RNA) blotting. No Bunyamwera virus RNA was detected in control transfections, but in cells which had previously been infected with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the L protein, both positive- and negative-sense Bunyamwera virus S segment RNA was detected. The suitability of this system to delineate functional domains within the Bunyamwera virus L protein is discussed.