垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽基因的合成表达与活性研究

根据文献报道垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽(pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide, PACAP)的氨基酸序列,推导出其核苷酸序列并设计成部分互补的6条寡核苷酸片段,利用DNA合成仪人工合成、纯化这6条寡核苷酸片段,通过片段退火、连接、克隆及测序鉴定获得了PACAP基因.将PACAP基因克隆至pGEX-4T-3质粒中转化BL21进行表达分析,融合蛋白约占细胞总蛋白的30％,其中部分为可溶性,部分以包涵体形式存在.通过亲和层析纯化GST-PACAP融合蛋白,该蛋白质能促进PC12细胞轴突生长及脊髓神经元存活.     

抗栓肽(Decorsin)在大肠杆菌中的克隆及表达

将人工合成的寡核苷酸片段进行体外连接 ,得到编码抗栓肽 (decorsin)的cDNA .将此cDNA克隆到表达载体pMAL p2x中 ,经核苷酸序列测定结果正确 .在大肠杆菌TB1中通过IPTG进行诱导表达 ,融合蛋白的表达量为 8%左右 .融合蛋白通过亲和柱一步纯化 ,SDS PAGE显示为一条主要蛋白质电泳条带 .血小板聚集实验表明 ,融合蛋白具有较强的抑制血小板聚集的功能 ,抑制常数IC50为 3 70nmol L .     

α-银环蛇毒素基因的克隆与表达

与传统的捕蛇或养蛇提毒的方法相比,利用基因工程方法生产蛇神经毒素具有明显的潜在优势。本研究结合国内外的研究现状,以α-银环蛇毒素(α-bungarotoxin,α-BgTx)为例子来探讨蛇神经毒素基因在大肠杆菌表达体系中的表达情况及其规模生产的可行性。首先根据文献报道α-银环蛇毒素的氨基酸序列,推导出其DNA序列并设计成部分互补的4条寡核苷酸片段,利用DNA合成仪人工合成、纯化其寡核苷酸片段,通过片段退火、切口补平、连接、克隆、测序鉴定获得了α-银环蛇毒素基因;然后将α-银环蛇毒素基因克隆至pGEX-2T质粒中分别转化大肠杆菌DH5(和JM109进行表达分析,融合蛋白约占细菌总蛋白的30％～40％,其中部分为可溶性表达,部分以包含体的形式表达;对可溶性表达的条件进行了优化。最后以天然纯化的α-银环蛇毒素作为对照,分析融合方式表达的重组α-银环蛇毒素的活性,ELISA结果显示其与天然的α-银环蛇毒素比较具有相似的抗原性。     

骨桥蛋白RGD黏附序列多拷贝短肽的表达、纯化及生物学活性测定

目的:用大肠杆菌表达骨桥蛋白RGD黏附序列6拷贝短肽,经分离纯化后检测其生物学活性.方法:运用基因重组技术,将骨桥蛋白RGD黏附序列的核酸片段首尾相连,与携带GST编码序列的原核表达载体连接构建融合蛋白表达质粒pGEX-3X-RGD.将重组质粒转化宿主菌后,对诱导融合蛋白表达的条件进行优化.表达产物GST-RGD经谷胱甘肽-亲和层析纯化后,分别检测其对骨桥蛋白诱导的血管平滑肌细胞黏附和迁移的影响.结果:所构建的含有6个拷贝短肽的GST-RGD融合蛋白可在大肠杆菌中以包含体的形式进行表达.用十二烷基肌氨酸钠变性溶解包含体及透析复性后,经亲和层析可得到高纯度的GST-RGD(6)融合蛋白.GST-RGD(6)融合蛋白能特异性的抑制骨桥蛋白诱导的血管平滑肌细胞的黏附和迁移.结论:骨桥蛋白RGD黏附序列6拷贝短肽可在大肠杆菌中高效表达,纯化的GST-RGD融合蛋白具有抑制血管平滑肌细胞黏附和迁移的活性.     

α—银环蛇毒素基因的合成与表达

结合国内外的研究现状,以α－银环蛇毒素为例来探讨蛇神经毒素基因在大肠杆菌表达体系中的表达情况及其规模生产的可行性。首先根据文献报道α－银环蛇毒素的氨基酸序列,推导出其ＤＮＡ序列并设计成部分互补的４条寡核苷酸片段,利用ＤＮＡ合成仪人工合成,纯化这４条寡核苷酸片段,通过片段退火,切口补平,连接,克隆,测序鉴定获得了α－银环蛇毒素基因,然后将ａ－银环蛇毒素基因克隆至ｐＧＥＸ－２Ｔ质粒中分别转化ＤＨ５α和     

HeLa细胞端粒酶的分离纯化及其蛋白质组分的研究

根据端粒酶含有蛋白质组分和RNA组分的特点,采用寡核苷酸亲和纯化法从HeLa细胞蛋白粗提物中分离纯化人类端粒酶,纯化产物以TRAP法检测其延伸端粒活性,并采用RNA印迹法进行鉴定,然后从纯化产物中分离蛋白质组分,以SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测其蛋白质亚基成分,可见到4种蛋白质亚基成分,与蛋白质分子质量标准比较,有两条位置接近212.2 ku,一条接近116.0 ku,一条接近42.7 ku.结果表明,蛋白质寡核苷酸亲和纯化法一步性分离纯化HeLa细胞端粒酶可得到端粒酶活性片段.     

死亡肽基因的合成及在大肠杆菌中的表达

将人工合成的寡核苷酸片段,通过PCR扩增得到死亡肽（thanatin）基因,并将其克隆到表达载体pGEX-3X中,序列分析结果正确。经IPTG诱导,在大肠杆菌BL21中进行高效可溶性表达,表达量可达20%以上。融合蛋白通过GST亲和层析纯化,用肠激酶酶解表达产物,用Sephadex G-25初步纯化得到具有抗菌活性的死亡肽。     

SARS病毒S和N蛋白抗原表位的基因合成、融合表达及纯化鉴定

通过计算机分析SARS病毒N蛋白和S蛋白的氨基酸序列 ,初步确定含强抗原表位的N蛋白片段和S蛋白片段 ,共 5 6 0个氨基酸。选择真核和原核生物均偏爱的密码子 ,化学合成全新的SARS病毒N蛋白片段和S蛋白片段的基因序列 ,利用基因工程技术将两个基因片段串联 ,克隆至质粒Pet2 8a(+)内的NcoⅠ/EcoRⅠ位点 ,表达S蛋白片段和N蛋白片段的融合蛋白。将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3) ,筛选获得了高效表达SARS病毒S蛋白片段和N蛋白片段融合蛋白的工程菌 ,表达的SARS病毒的融合蛋白约占菌体蛋白总量的 30 %左右 ,部分以可溶性形式存在。经离子交换柱和反相高压液相纯化获得了表达的融合蛋白 ,经初步鉴定 ,显示该融合蛋白有较好的抗原性和特异性.     

垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽基因合成表达和产物纯化与鉴定

为利用基因工程技术获得垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽 (pituitaryadenylatecyclaseactivatingpolypeptide ,PACAP) ,根据大肠杆菌的密码偏好性 ,设计并人工合成编码 38个氨基酸的PACAP基因 .克隆到表达载体pET 35b(+) ,构建重组质粒pET PACAP ,转化大肠杆菌BL2 1 (DE3)pLysS+ .实现纤维素结合域 (cellulosebindingdomain ,CBD)与PACAP融合蛋白的表达 ,并在两者之间引入 (凝血 )因子Ⅹa识别位点 (Ile Glu Gly Arg↓ ) .融合蛋白CBD PACAP经纤维素亲和层析纯化后 ,因子Ⅹa酶切释放PACAP .在因子Ⅹa识别位点前引入 7个氨基酸的柔性短肽 (Gly Thr Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly)明显提高了融合蛋白对因子Ⅹa的敏感性 .HPLC进一步纯化得到纯度大于 95 %PACAP多肽 .所得的PACAP多肽的Western印迹鉴定为阳性 ;激光飞行质谱测定分子量结果与理论值相符 .生物活性分析表明 ,所制备的PACAP具有促进胰腺癌细胞株SW 1 990胞内cAMP合成的活性     

GFE-1多肽与重组人肿瘤坏死因子α融合蛋白的构建及其体外活性和体内分布研究

目的:构建 GFE-1多肽与重组人肿瘤坏死子α(rmhTNF-α)融合蛋白(GFE-1-rmhTNF),研究该融合蛋白的体外活性和体内分布.方法:利用基工程方法,将人工合成的编码 GFE-1的寡核苷酸片段连接在 rmhTNF-α序列的3'端,转入大肠杆菌中诱导表达,采用 Q-Sepharose FF 离子层析柱和 SP-Sepharose FF 阳离子层析柱纯化蛋白,SDS-PAGE 和 Western 印迹鉴定,测定该融合蛋白的体外活性,观察其在小鼠体内的分布情况.结果:构建了融合蛋白 GFE-1-rmhTNF,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达.体外活性实验显示,GFE-1-rmhTNF 对 L929细胞有明显的杀伤活性;体内分布实验证实,GFE-1-rmhTNF 在小鼠肺组织的富集高肝肾组织.结论:构建了融合蛋白 GFE-1-rmhTNF,可显著杀伤 L929细胞并特异性富集小鼠肺组织.     

Developmental stage-related expression and identification of murine erythroid differentiation-denucleation factor (MEDDF)

Using MEDDF cDNA fragment in plasmid pBS-SK-MEDDF as template the coding sequence was cloned into pGEM-T-Easy plasmid by PCR method to delete non-coding sequence. After DNA sequencing it was confirmed that the clone sequence was correct, the coding region then was inserted into the vector pET-30a betweenBamH I andHind III to construct eukaryotic expression vector. It was found that the specific protein was up to 40% of total bactorial proteins in certain high-expressionE. coli. High titer of anti-sera was detected by inoculating New Zealand rabbits with purified MEDDF protein as an antigen. By using immunocytochemical staining it was demonstrated that the expression of MEDDF was exhibited in a developmental stage-specific manner, suggesting that MEDDF may play a certain role in the initiation of murine erythroid terminal differentiation and nuclear condensation. As for the expression of MEDDF appearing in granulocytes and megakaryocyter in murine bone marrow, it may indicate that there is an original relationship between the proteins and differentiation of murine myelogenous lineage.     

Overexpression and Purification of Asparagine Synthetase from Escherichia coli

Overexpression of the asnA gene from Escherichia coli K-12 coding for asparagine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.1) was achieved with a plasmid, pUNAd37, a derivative of pUCI8, in E. coli. The plasmid was constructed by optimizing a DNA sequence between the promoter and the ribosome binding region. The enzyme, comprising ca. 15%, of the total soluble protein in the E. coli cell, was readily purified to apparent homogeneity by DEAE-Cellulofine and Blue-Cellulofine column chromatographies. The amino-terminal sequence, amino acid composition, and molecular weight of the purified protein agreed with the predicted values based on the DNA sequence of the gene. Furthermore the native molecular weight measured by gel filtration confirmed that asparagine synthetase exists as a dimer of identical subunits.     

Characterization of a mitochondrially targeted single-stranded DNA-binding protein in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis thaliana</Emphasis>

A gene encoding a predicted mitochondrially targeted single-stranded DNA binding protein (mtSSB) was identified in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome sequence. This gene (At4g11060) codes for a protein of 201 amino acids, including a 28-residue putative mitochondrial targeting transit peptide. Protein sequence alignment shows high similarity between the mtSSB protein and single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSB) from bacteria, including residues conserved for SSB function. Phylogenetic analysis indicates a close relationship between this protein and other mitochondrially targeted SSB proteins. The predicted targeting sequence was fused with the GFP coding region, and the organellar localization of the expressed fusion protein was determined. Specific targeting to mitochondria was observed in in-vitro import experiments and by transient expression of a GFP fusion construct in Arabidopsis leaves after microprojectile bombardment. The mature mtSSB coding region was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and the protein was purified for biochemical characterization. The purified protein binds single-stranded, but not double-stranded, DNA. MtSSB stimulates the homologous strand-exchange activity of E. coli RecA. These results indicate that mtSSB is a functional homologue of the E. coli SSB, and that it may play a role in mitochondrial DNA recombination.     

Developmental stage-related expression and identification of murine erythroid differentiation-denucleation factor (MEDDF)

Using MEDDF cDNA fragment in plasmid pBS-SK-MEDDF as template the coding sequence was cloned into pGEM-T-Easy plasmid by PCR method to delete non-coding sequence. After DNA sequencing it was confirmed that the clone sequence was correct, the coding region then was inserted into the vector pET-30α between BamH I and Hind III to construct eukaryotic expression vector. It was found that the specific protein was up to 40% of total bactorial proteins in certain high-expression E. coli. High titer of anti-sera was detected by inoculating New Zealand rabbits with purified MEDDF protein as an antigen. By using immunocytochemical staining it was demonstrated that the expression of MEDDF was exhibited in a developmental stage-specific manner, suggesting that MEDDF may play a certain role in the initiation of murine erythroid terminal differentiation and nuclear condensation. As for the expression of MEDDF appearing in granu-locytes and megakaryocyter in murine bone marrow, it may indicate that there is an origina     

肥胖基因的分离及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

利用PCR技术自外周血白细胞染色体DNA中扩增获取了肥胖基因(ob基因)的外显子2和3序列.经过拼接,获得了全长的ob基因编码序列. 测序结果表明,获得的序列与文献报道完全一致.利用PCR技术扩增出成熟蛋白的编码序列,克隆至表达载体pBV220中获得了表达菌株,并对表达产物进行了初步纯化,为进一步研究ob基因产物的功能与应用奠定了基础.     

Gene optimization mechanisms: A multi-gene study reveals a high success rate of full-length human proteins expressed in Escherichia coli

The genetic code is universal, but recombinant protein expression in heterologous systems is often hampered by divergent codon usage. Here, we demonstrate that reprogramming by standardized multi‐parameter gene optimization software and de novo gene synthesis is a suitable general strategy to improve heterologous protein expression. This study compares expression levels of 94 full‐length human wt and sequence‐optimized genes coding for pharmaceutically important proteins such as kinases and membrane proteins in E. coli. Fluorescence‐based quantification revealed increased protein yields for 70% of in vivo expressed optimized genes compared to the wt DNA sequences and also resulted in increased amounts of protein that can be purified. The improvement in transgene expression correlated with higher mRNA levels in our analyzed examples. In all cases tested, expression levels using wt genes in tRNA‐supplemented bacterial strains were outperformed by optimized genes expressed in non‐supplemented host cells.     

Functional expression of an earthworm fibrinolytic enzyme in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis>

Two cDNA fragments (lrF1 and lrF2) representing a fibrinolytic enzyme gene of F-III-2 (GenBank AB045719), without and with signal peptide coding sequence, were cloned from earthworm Lumbricus rubellus. The two fragments were inserted into bacterial expression vector pET28a (+), respectively. Subsequent expression showed that both lrF1 and lrF2 proteins were produced as an inclusion body form in E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysE. After protein refolding and purification, the fusion lrF1 and its derivative without poly histidine tags at the N-terminus showed fibrinolytic activity on fibrin plates with relative activity of 134.3 U/mg protein and 139.7 U/mg protein, respectively, whereas the fusion lrF2 and its derivative without the tags at the N-terminus, had no fibrinolytic activity. The results indicated that the E. coli expression system could not recognize the endogenous signal peptide of F-III-2, and the effect of the histidine tags at the N-terminus on the fibrinolytic activity of the expressed protein was insignificant.     

Expression, Purification, and Characterization of a Catalytically Active Human Cytochrome P450 1A2:Rat NADPH-Cytochrome P450 Reductase Fusion Protein

An enzymatically active human cytochrome P450 (P450) 1A2:rat NADPH-P450 reductase fusion protein was purified and partially characterized following heterologous expression inEscherichia coli. A cDNA was engineered to include the coding sequence for human P450 1A2 at its 5′ end (up to but not including the stop codon) fused in-frame to the coding sequence for a truncated (soluble) rat NADPH-P450 reductase at its 3′ end via an oligonucleotide sequence encoding the hydrophilic dipeptide Ser–Thr. This fusion plasmid was expressed inE. coliand the recombinant protein was purified from the detergent-solubilized membrane fraction via sequential DEAE, ADP–agarose, and hydroxylapatite chromatographies. The purified protein has the spectral characteristics of human P450 1A2 and cytochromecreduction activity comparable to rabbit NADPH-P450 reductase. The fusion protein catalyzed 7-ethoxyresorufinO-deethylation and phenacetinO-deethylation to appreciable levels in the presence of NADPH and phospholipid. While these activities were comparable to those of other such P450:NADPH-P450 reductase fusion proteins, they were lower than those of the system reconstituted from its individual hemoprotein and flavoprotein components. Nevertheless, the production of a functional, catalytically self-sufficient monooxygenase inE. colienhances the prospect of using bacterial systems for production and characterization of human P450 drug metabolites as well as for biodegradation of chemicals in the environment.     

人vasostatin的克隆、表达、纯化及活性检测

从成人肝脏cDNA文库中,PCR扩增得到人vasostatin基因编码区序列,将此序列插入原核表达载体pQE30进行表达,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)测定表明产物以包涵体形式存在,表达量占菌体总蛋白量的50%以上.包涵体洗涤后溶于8 mol/L尿素溶液,在变性条件下通过镍-氨三乙酸(Ni-NTA)金属螯合亲和层析柱进行纯化后,再经透析进行复性.N端氨基酸序列、分子质量、等电点等理化指标的测定结果与理论值相符.用内皮细胞增殖试验、内皮细胞迁移试验以及鸡胚尿囊膜血管生成试验等方法进行活性检测,证实复性的表达产物具有抑制内皮细胞增殖和迁移、抑制鸡胚尿囊膜血管生成的功能.