一种优化的大肠杆菌感受态细胞制备及转化方法

Silwet L-77是一种非离子型的表面活性剂,常用于植物的转化。本研究发现,Silwet L-77的加入也可以显著地提高大肠杆菌的转化效率。同时,我们比较了不同培养温度、不同培养浓度(OD_(600)值)及不同冷冻保护剂对感受态细胞转化效率的影响。我们发现,28℃培养E.coli至OD_(600)值为0.55~0.6之间时制备感受态细胞,利用9%的DMSO做为冷冻保护剂冷冻保存感受态细胞,转化时加入0.001 5%~0.002%的Silwet L-77,可以获得最高的转化效率。总之,该研究进一步优化了大肠杆菌感受态细胞的制备及转化方法。     

少量制备大肠杆菌感受态细胞条件探索

目的:为了获得重复性好、转化率高的少量制备感受态细胞的方法,利用不同生长时期的大肠杆菌感受态细胞,进行转化比较。方法:根据普通实验室的实验条件,常规方法提取质粒,氯化钙法转化不同生长时期的大肠杆菌感受态细胞,比较转化率。结果:大肠杆菌感受态细胞的转化率与OD值显著相关,在OD600nm为0.39和0.55时转化率最高,在OD600nm为0.28~0.55之间均可得到理想的转化效果。结论:少量制备感受态细胞方法操作中无需添加任何保护试剂和细胞复苏培养,操作简便、重复性好,实验成本低廉。     

大肠杆菌DH5α菌株感受态制备及转化率变化研究

通过氯化钙法制备大肠杆菌DH5α菌株感受态,讨论了不同保存温度和保存时间对感受态转化率的影响。结果表明,在4℃下保存,8h达到最高转化率;在-20℃和-70℃下保存,均为48h达到最高转化率。通过氯化钙法制备的DH5α菌株感受态细胞,在-20℃条件下简单保存,20d内完全可以满足一般转化研究的要求,不需要复杂的甘油、液氮处理及超低温要求。     

大肠杆菌感受态细胞培养与冻存条件的研究

测定大肠杆菌JM107在37℃培养条件下的生长曲线,制备其对数生长期不同阶段感受态冻存细胞,并对冻存细胞的转化率进行研究。结果显示：分离良好的单个新鲜菌落接种于50mlSOB培养基,经37℃,170～180r/min振荡培养210min左右,所得冻存细胞转化率最高,－7O℃保存时可达5．2×10⁷转化子／μgDNA且感受态保持时间长,即使存放两个月仍能保持相当高的转化率。－20℃保存时也能在三周内保持较高转化率。     

铜绿假单胞菌最佳电转化条件的研究

以临床分离的一株铜绿假单胞菌 (Pseudomonasaeruginosa)PA68作受体菌 ,将具有卡那霉素抗性标记的质粒pSMC2 8通过电转化导入到受体菌中 ,研究细胞生长状态、电击电压、细胞浓度、感受态细胞的贮备方式对转化效率的影响。结果表明 ,在细胞生长至OD5 40 =0 7～ 0 8时收集菌体 ,在低温 (2℃ )条件下 ,制备浓度为 10 11个细胞 mL的感受态细胞 ,在较高的电压 (2 6kV)电击下 ,能获得较高的转化效率。最高可达 1 68× 10 8个转化子 μgDNA(CFU μgDNA)。用此优化的转化条件 ,在国际上首次成功地将Mu转座复合物导入到P .aeruginosa中 ,并获得 2 4× 10 4 CFU μgDNA的高转化效率。由于Mu转座重组技术具有随机单点插入的优点 ,克服了传统转座子能在染色体上迁移的缺点 ,保证了表型的改变与转座子插入位点所在的基因突变的一一对应关系 ,为进一步研究P .aerugi nosa的基因组功能奠定基础     

大肠杆菌感受态细胞转化能力的影响因素

探讨了大肠杆菌菌株、细菌生长状态、转化溶液、抗冻剂及保存时间、质粒长度和纯度对感受态细胞转化能力的影响。结果表明,以100 mmol/L CaCl2为缓冲液,采用经活化培养的A600为0.55的TG1制备的感受态细胞,在冰上放置6h后转化,所得转化率最高,可达2×106-4×107cfu/μg DNA(pUC19)。随着质粒长度增加和纯度降低,转化率有所下降。若感受态细胞要保存备用,以15％甘油为抗冻剂优于7％DMSO,但添加抗冻剂对转化率有抑制作用。贮于甘油的感受态细胞在-70℃冻存两个月后仍有较理想的转化率。     

大肠杆菌JM109感受态形成因素分析

目的:分析大肠杆菌JM109感受态形成因素,提高转化效率。方法:采用不同生长状态、不同转化溶液、不同保存时间及热激处理时间的细菌制备感受态,分析转化效率。结果:以20mmol/L MgCl2 80mmol/L CaCl2为处理液,经活化培养OD600为0.82的菌液制备感受态细胞,4℃放置12~24h之内,42℃热激处理60s,转化效率最高,可达9.8×106~1.2×107cfu/μg DNA(pUC19)。随着质粒长度增加,转化效率下降。结论:感受态细胞形成与生长状态关系密切,金属离子、有机溶剂对感受态的形成影响显著。感受态形成过程中,细胞可能发生了一系列的生理变化。     

高效、快速地将外源DNA导入根癌土壤杆菌

室温下用50mmol/LCaCl_2处理根癌土壤杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)以制备感受态细胞,然后经0℃冰浴及28℃热击处理,成功地将Ti质粒中间载体(>10kb)导入了根癌土壤农杆菌中。转化效率每个活细胞可达10~(-4)～10~(-5)转化子或10~6转化子/μgDNA。探讨了该菌细胞生长状态、CaCl_2滚滚浓度、温度、液氮、热击、复苏时间以及感受态细胞于4℃或—20℃(加15％甘油)下保存时间对根癌土壤杆菌转化的影响。     

四种冷冻保护剂对小鼠2-细胞胚胎渗透性和毒性作用的比较

作为胚胎冷冻保存的基础性研究,冷冻保护剂的渗透性和毒性研究非常重要.本试验选用1,2-丙二醇、甘油、乙二醇和二甲基亚砜4种常用冷冻保护剂,对小鼠2-细胞胚胎进行渗透性和毒性研究.结果显示:1.5 mol/L的1,2-丙二醇、乙二醇和二甲基亚砜冷冻保护剂对2-细胞胚胎的渗透性显著高于甘油保护剂;4种冷冻保护剂对细胞膜的完整性没有影响;1.5 mol/L的乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇和甘油保护剂处理后的2-细胞胚胎的囊胚发育率和孵化率与对照组胚胎比较差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著高于二甲基亚砜处理后的2-细胞囊胚发育率和孵化率(P<0.01).结果表明:在4种冷冻保护剂中,乙二醇和1,2-丙二醇适合于小鼠2-细胞胚胎冷冻保存     

人乳腺癌细胞p53和bcl-2蛋白的表达状况及与激素受体的关系

为了进一步证明 p5 3和 bcl- 2癌基因蛋白的反向关系 ,我们用 SP法进行免疫细胞化学染色 ,观察了 p5 3、 bcl- 2、雌激素受体 (estrogen receptor,ER)、孕激素受体 (progesterone receptor,PR)在人乳腺癌细胞系 MCF7和 MDA- MB2 31中的表达情况 ,并应用图像分析系统对其阳性反应物进行定量。结果 :MCF7细胞表达 ER和 PR,而 MDA- MB2 31细胞不表达。二个细胞系均表达 p5 3,但 MCF7光密度 (OD)值为 0 .10 0 9± 0 .0 14,而 MDA- MB2 31细胞为 0 .16 78± 0 .0 42 ,后者明显高于前者 (P<0 .0 0 0 1)。二系细胞均可见到 bcl- 2阳性物质 ,但 MCF7表达的 OD值为 0 .10 45± 0 .0 2 0 8,而 MDA- MB2 31细胞仅为 0 .0 5 2 5± 0 .0 113(P<0 .0 0 0 1)。表明 bcl- 2的表达与 ER及 PR的存在有很强的相关性 ,并且与 p5 3的表达呈明显的相反关系     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.