产肠毒素大肠埃希菌CfaB亚单位的免疫原性分析

目的表达并纯化产肠毒素大肠埃希菌（Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli,ETEC）CFA／I定居因子的CfaB亚单位,分析其免疫原性。方法将不含信号肽序列的cfaB基因克隆到pQE一30上,构建重组质粒pQE-30-cfaB并转化EcoliM15,表达融合蛋白6xHis—CfaB,将表达的蛋白纯化和复性后免疫BALB／c小鼠,制备抗CfaB的抗血清,用ELISA法检测抗血清效价。结果6×His—CfaB融合蛋白高效表达,相对分子质量为15．5kD,纯化复性后免疫小鼠所得抗血清效价为1：125000。结论成功构建了高效表达6×His-CfaB融合蛋白的重组质粒,表达的融合蛋白免疫小鼠后获得了高效价的抗血清,为进一步研制以双歧杆菌为表达系统的新型ETEC亚单位口服疫苗奠定了基础。     

A组人轮状病毒NSP3基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的:获得轮状病毒NSP3基因的表达产物及其抗血清。方法:将TB-Chen株轮状病毒NSP3基因插入质粒pETL,构建重组表达质粒pET-NSP3,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)表达重组蛋白NSP3;用凝胶分离回收的方法纯化该蛋白,免疫豚鼠制备该蛋白的抗血清。结果:构建了重组表达质粒pET-NSP3,并在大肠杆菌中高效表达了重组蛋白NSP3,目的蛋白表达量占菌体总蛋白量的28.6%;有效地纯化了目的蛋白并制备了该蛋白的抗血清,Western印迹表明该抗血清能与重组蛋白NSP3发生特异性免疫反应。结论:通过质粒pETL能高效表达轮状病毒NSP3蛋白,该重组蛋白具有较好的免疫反应性,为进一步研究其结构、功能及免疫学性质奠定了基础。     

Nono蛋白的原核表达、纯化和多克隆抗体的制备

目的表达和纯化带多聚组氨酸（6×His）标签的Nono （ non-POU-domain-containing, octamer-binding protein ）融合蛋白并制备抗Nono多克隆抗体。方法构建pET-28a（＋）-Nono重组表达质粒,转入Rosetta（DE3）大肠埃希菌,以IPTG诱导6×His-Nono融合蛋白表达,经镍离子金属螯合树脂纯化后,用纯化出的蛋白免疫BALB／C小鼠制备多克隆抗体,并用ELISA检测多克隆抗体的效价,Western印迹检测多克隆抗体的特异性。结果在大肠埃希菌中诱导出高水平表达的His-Nono融合蛋白,经亲和树脂纯化后免疫小鼠,获得了高特异性的抗Nono抗血清。结论成功构建pET-28a（＋）-Nono原核表达质粒,表达并纯化出高纯度的目标蛋白,制备出高滴度、高特异性的多克隆抗体。     

猪FcγRIII的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

目的：构建猪FcγRIII 基因的原核表达载体,诱导表达重组蛋白,制备鼠抗猪 FcγRIII 抗血清。方法：从质粒pTG19-T-FcγRIII中用PCR方法克隆到编码完整猪FcγRIII蛋白分子的基因片段,将其插入到原核表达载体pET-32a中,构建了猪FcγRIII 原核表达载体pET-FcγRIII ,转化大肠杆菌BL21 (DE3) ,IPTG诱导蛋白表达,经尿素洗涤纯化后,以纯化后的融合蛋白FcγRIII-His 为抗原免疫小鼠,获得抗血清。Western blotting、ELISA 法鉴定获得的抗血清,ELISA 结果显示抗体效价为1∶16000,具有高度特异性,免疫印迹结果显示制备的多抗可以与重组猪FcγRIII蛋白特异性结合。结果：成功构建猪FcγRIII原核表达载体,纯化到融合蛋白FcγRIII-His,用纯化的融合蛋白免疫小鼠制备了多克隆抗体,Western blotting、ELISA 法证实多克隆抗体制备成功。结论：成功获得了猪 FcγRIII 多克隆抗体,为进一步研究猪FcγRIII 蛋白的功能奠定了基础。     

猪FcγRⅢ的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

目的:构建猪FcγRIII基因的原核表达载体,诱导表达重组蛋白,制备鼠抗猪FcγRIII抗血清。方法:从质粒pTG19-T-FcγRIII中用PCR方法克隆到编码完整猪FcγRIII蛋白分子的基因片段,将其插入到原核表达载体pET-32a中,构建了猪FcγRIII原核表达载体pET-FcγRIII,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导蛋白表达,经尿素洗涤纯化后,以纯化后的融合蛋白FcγRIII-His为抗原免疫小鼠,获得抗血清。Western blotting、ELISA法鉴定获得的抗血清,ELISA结果显示抗体效价为1∶16000,具有高度特异性,免疫印迹结果显示制备的多抗可以与重组猪FcγRIII蛋白特异性结合。结果:成功构建猪FcγRIII原核表达载体,纯化到融合蛋白FcγRIII-His,用纯化的融合蛋白免疫小鼠制备了多克隆抗体,Western blotting、ELISA法证实多克隆抗体制备成功。结论:成功获得了猪FcγRIII多克隆抗体,为进一步研究猪FcγRIII蛋白的功能奠定了基础。     

重组丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白的原核表达、纯化和抗体制备

本文旨在获得纯化丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)核心蛋白(HCV-C)及抗HCV-C多克隆抗体,为深入研究HCV-C与肝细胞相互作用的分子机制奠定基础。首先以HCV1b亚型HC-J4-91全基因组质粒为模板,聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增HCV-C基因,构建重组质粒pQE31-HCV-C。融合蛋白经原核表达、纯化后,免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备抗HCV-C多克隆抗体。利用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测抗体效价,蛋白免疫印迹(Westernblot)和间接免疫荧光染色鉴定抗体特异性。结果显示,表达HCV-C的原核表达质粒pQE31-HCV-C构建正确,获得相对分子质量约22000的纯化融合蛋白。ELISA检测重组蛋白免疫小鼠的抗血清效价达1:12800。结果显示,自制的抗HCV-C多克隆抗体能特异性识别HCV-C。本研究获得了纯度较好、原核表达的HCV-C,并成功制备了抗HCV-C多克隆抗体,为深入研究HCV-C的致病机制提供了有实用价值的研究工具。     

Ⅱ型登革病毒NS1蛋白的表达及其免疫血清的制备

目的原核表达、纯化II型登革病毒NS1A蛋白(NS1蛋白1～180氨基酸即DENV2 NS1A),将其免疫动物制备免疫血清并鉴定。方法构建重组融合质粒p ET22b-p64K-L-DENV2 NS1A,转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,IPTG低温诱导表达。表达的融合蛋白经Hitrap Talon crude柱亲和层析纯化后,免疫雌性日本长耳兔获得抗DENV2 NS1A兔抗血清,用Western blot和免疫荧光检测免疫血清对重组麻疹病毒MV_(S191)-DENV2 NS1 6Xhis的识别和结合特性。结果重组融合质粒p ET22b-p64K-L-DENV2 NS1A经双酶切和测序证明构建正确。表达的重组融合蛋白相对分子质量为100 000,纯化后蛋白纯度在85%以上,免疫获得的抗DENV2 NS1A兔抗血清可识别重组病毒MV_(S191)-DENV2 NS1 6XHis表达的DENV2 NS1蛋白。结论原核表达并纯化了DENV2 NS1A蛋白,建立了基于NS1蛋白的重组病毒MV_(S191)-DENV2 NS1 6XHis的Western blot和免疫荧光检测方法,为登革热疫苗研制中重组病毒MV_(S191)-DENV2 NS1 6XHis的质检奠定了基础。     

青鱼生长激素的重组表达及其多克隆抗体的制备

以含有的青鱼生长激素编码区cDNA的重组质粒pbcGHc为模板,高保真PCR扩增青鱼生长激素（GH）成熟肽cDNA序列,定向插入原核表达载体pET-28a,构建青鱼GH原核表达质粒pET-bcGH。将pET-bcGH转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导青鱼GH基因在大肠杆菌中的融合表达,SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳结果显示一条23 kDa的诱导表达重组青鱼GH带。以草鱼GH多克隆抗体为一抗,Western Blot证明,该重组青鱼GH具有免疫学活性。将经过亲和层析、透析纯化后的重组青鱼GH作为抗原,采用改进的方法对家兔进行皮下免疫注射,获得青鱼GH多克隆抗血清。以该多抗为一抗,Western Blot 可以检测出4 ng的抗原量;并且在青鱼垂体组织抽提液中和血清中检测到一种能与该抗血清作用的大小为21 kDa的蛋白质。这些结果表明本研究得到的青鱼GH多克隆抗血清具有较好的免疫特性。     

杆状病毒AcMNPV p35基因的克隆表达及多抗制备

用PCR方法扩增得到苜蓿丫纹夜蛾核多角体病毒(Autographa californic anucleopolyhedrovirus,AcM N-PV)p35基因,将其克隆至质粒pET-32a( )上,构建得到重组质粒pET-p35,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导,表达了1条约为55 ku的蛋白带。以Ni2 -NTA偶连抗体检测证明所表达的蛋白为带有组氨酸的融合蛋白。采用割胶回收的方法纯化融合蛋白,以纯化的融合蛋白制备多克隆抗体,效价为1/1 024。免疫印迹分析表明,该抗血清能与感染苜蓿丫纹夜蛾核多角体病毒的细胞蛋白样品发生特异性反应。     

香蕉束顶病毒海口分离物核穿梭蛋白(NSP)的纯化及抗血清制备

本研究以本实验室保存的含重组载体pDEST17-NSP的原核表达菌株E.coli BL21(DE3)为材料,于25℃、0.1 mmol/L IPTG条件下诱导4 h,集菌后超声波破碎,获得以包涵体形式表达的约20 kD的融合蛋白.实验结果表明,将沉淀的融合蛋白溶于含6 mol/L尿素的Binding Buffer中,再经Ni2+-NTA亲和层析纯化后,可获得高纯度的融合蛋白.将纯化融合蛋白经12%SDS-PAGE电泳,切胶回收目的带,液氮研磨并按1:1(W/V)混合佐剂,4次免疫家兔,获得BBTV病毒核穿梭蛋白的特异性抗血清.以融合蛋白作抗原,间接ELISA法测定其抗血清效价为1:5 000.田间检测样品的最佳抗血清工作浓度为1:500.Western Blot鉴定结果表明抗血清能与目的蛋白特异性结合.本研究的结果将为下一步NSP基因转录调控和蛋白功能研究奠定一定基础.     

Antibiotics in the treatment of wounds in the victims of the earthquake in the Armenian SSR

Purulent wounds in 88 victims of the Armenian earthquake with the syndrome of long-term squeezing were examined microbiologically and the experience with using antimicrobial drugs for their treatment was analyzed. In all the cases microbial associations were detected, coliform and nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli, enterococci, anaerobes and yeast-like fungi being isolated from 80, 20, 15 and 25 per cent of the patients respectively. 130 bacterial strains were studied in detail. 80 to 100 per cent of the bacterial isolates were resistant to the antibiotics routinely used in surgical practice, i.e. benzylpenicillin, tetracycline, levomycetin, kanamycin, cephalothin and cefazolin and highly sensitive to new antimicrobial drugs belonging to ureidopenicillins (mezlocillin), quinolones (ciprofloxacin) and cephalosporins of the 3rd generation (cefoperazone and ceftazidime). Retrospective estimation of the antibiotic therapy revealed its inadequacy in 55.7 per cent of the patients for the most part because of the isolates resistance. The 19 variants of the antibiotic use prescribed by the physicians mainly included penicillins, aminoglycosides and their combinations (in 67.2 per cent of the cases). The use of the highly efficient drugs of the groups of ureidopenicillins and quinolones was extremely rare which was likely due to lacking of information on the drugs.     

Histogenesis of the taste buds of the vallate papilla in the in the rat in the postnatal stages of development

The developing taste buds of vallate papillae were studied with electron microscope in rats during the first 7 days after birth. Two types of cells--light and dark--are identified in the taste buds of a one day old animal. The apical parts of dark cells are characterized by numerous dark granules. A distinguishing feature of light cells is the presence of synaptic contacts with afferent intragemmal nerves. On the 4th day of development on the top of the apical parts of the cell, a microvillar apparatus is seen to form, which does not yet communicate with the oral cavity. On the 7th day, basal cells appear in the taste buds. Some of these cells are seen mitotically dividing. The differentiated microvillar apparatus now communicates with oral cavity. The structure of the taste buds is getting similar to that in the adults. The structural and functional peculiarities of the developing taste buds are discussed in association with the period of ontogenesis under consideration.     

Changes in the size of the nucleoli of the Purkinje cells in the canine cerebellum in the postresuscitation period

The changes in the size of Purkinje cell (PC) nucleolus in the lateral and medial cerebellum zones were studied in dogs with different degree of neurologic status recovery after clinical death of various etiology and duration. PC always possess one nucleolus in the control and experimental groups. In the case of complete neurologic status recovery of animals the area of PC nucleolus increases in both zones studied, irrespective of the cause of clinical death. In the case of neurologic disorders the increase in PC nucleolus area is clearly expressed only in the medial zone of the cerebellum, being insignificant in the lateral zone. It is suggested that adaptive characteristics of PC are distinct in the two compared zones, which leads to greater PC vulnerability in the lateral zone during deep hypoxia.     

Psychological Attributes of the Culture of the Ukrainians in the Modern Stage of the Development of Society and Trends in Changes in These Attributes in the Post-Soviet Period

The authors of the article focus on the transition of the former Soviet state of Ukraine to a market economy. One aspect of the analysis is the cultural values and attitudes of the citizens in a new situation. Market economy and entrepreneurship demand new types of motivation and individual values from people. A challenge for social psychology in the country is the further elaboration of methodological basis of research.     

Frequency of the stages in the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in the rat

This study determined the optimum number of tubules to be counted per testis cross section, and the number of animals per treatment group, when changes in stage frequencies in the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium are criteria for assessing effects of treatment on spermatogenesis. A data base of 9,672 observed and staged tubules was collected from testicular cross sections of 15 Sprague-Dawley rats. A significant variation between animals was found for the frequencies of Stages I, II, IV, VI, VIII, and XIII. Computer simulation was used to randomly select different combinations of animal and tubule numbers from the observed data. Stage frequency means from each simulation experiment were compared statistically to observed mean frequencies. A model that used data from all 14 stages was analyzed. The following conclusions were made: a) a minimum of 200 tubule cross sections/testis is recommended for estimating stage frequencies; b) for a fixed number of tubules scored, the number of animals sampled is more important than the number of tubules per animal in reducing variance; c) to detect a difference of 2 standard deviations from the mean with a 2% error rate and examining 200 tubules/testis, at least 12 animals must be used per group when assessing all 14 stages; d) when individual stages are examined using 10 animals per group, only Stage VII has 80% or greater power of test (alpha = 0.05) to detect a frequency difference; e) pooling stages into 3-4 groups is recommended to improve the power of detecting a treatment difference.     

Immunohistochemistry of the cytoskeleton in the excurrent ducts of the testis in birds of the Galloanserae monophyly

The presence, location and degree of immunoexpression of various microfilament (MF) and intermediate filament (IF) systems (actin, cytokeratins, desmin, vimentin) were studied in the excurrent ducts of the testis in sexually mature and active galliform (Japanese quail, domestic fowl, turkey) and anseriform (duck) birds. These proteins were variably expressed between the epithelia and periductal tissue (periductal smooth muscle cell layer and interductal connective tissue) types and between species. Variable heterogeneous co-expression of filament systems was also found in the various duct epithelia and periductal tissue types: co-expression of filament systems was the rule rather than the exception. In the duck, neither vimentin nor cytokeratin was present in any of the tissues, whereas actin and desmin (absent in the rete testis) were co-expressed in the efferent ducts and epididymal duct unit (comprising the ductus conjugens, ductus epididymidis and ductus deferens). Actin, desmin and vimentin were generally co-expressed in the rete testis, efferent ducts and epididymal duct unit of the quail, domestic fowl and turkey, with vimentin being more strongly immunoreactive than actin and desmin in the epididymal duct unit, but more weakly immunoexpressed in the efferent ducts. Cytokeratin was present and co-expressed with actin, desmin and vimentin in the rete testis, efferent ducts and epididymal duct unit of the domestic fowl and turkey, but not in the quail and duck. The periductal smooth muscle cell layer and interductal tissue co-expressed actin, desmin and vimentin variably in all birds. Luminal spermatozoa of both the turkey and duck were immunonegative for all protein systems, whereas those of the quail and domestic fowl co-expressed actin, desmin and vimentin moderately or strongly. The tissues of the reproductive tract of male birds thus contain cytoskeletal protein systems that are variably but mostly co-expressed and whose contractile ability appears necessary and sufficient for transportation through the various excurrent ducts of the voluminous testicular fluid and its high sperm content, characteristic features of male avian reproduction.     

Role of the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus in the function of generalization in the cat

In chronic experiments on cats contribution of the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus to the organization of the processes of generalization and abstraction was studied by means of alternation method. Electrolytic ablation of the nucleus retarded the learning and impeded the initial stages of formation of the generalization function. Mechanisms of thalamic dementia are discussed.