血清维生素D及微量元素检测对肺炎患儿的临床意义

目的:探讨肺炎患儿血清维生素D及微量元素监测的临床意义。方法:选取我院2015年1月-2016年1月收治的600例肺炎患儿为观察组及同期来我院体检的健康儿童400例为对照组,检测两组受试儿童的维生素D、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁水平。结果:观察组患儿锌、铁缺乏比例均明显高于健康儿童(P0.05),两组钙、铜、镁缺乏比例相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组1岁以下(包括1岁,婴儿期)、1-3岁(包括3岁,幼儿期)、3-6岁(包括6岁,学龄前)患儿体内锌、铁含量明显低于同年龄段健康儿童(P0.05),各组钙、铜、镁含量相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组受试儿童体内25-羟基维生素D含量及其缺乏情况相比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:锌和铁缺乏可能与儿童肺炎的发生发展具有一定的关系,及时补充锌和铁有助于提高患儿免疫力,促进患儿恢复。     

微量元素五项联合红细胞四项检测在小儿缺铁性贫血中的诊断价值

目的:探讨微量元素五项联合红细胞四项检测在小儿缺铁性贫血(IDA)中的诊断价值。方法:选取2013年1月至2016年1月于我院进行治疗的小儿缺铁性贫血(IDA)患儿130例作为缺铁性贫血(IDA)组及同期于我院进行常规体检的健康儿童40例作为对照组。检测和比较其钙、镁、铜、铁、锌、血红蛋白(Hb)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)水平,并比较微量元素五项、红细胞四项检查以及两者联合对IDA患儿的诊断效能。结果:缺铁性贫血(IDA)组患儿微量元素镁、铁、锌含量以及Hb、MCV、MCH及MCHC水平均明显低于对照组儿童,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组儿童微量元素钙、铜含量比较差异不显著(P0.05)。微量元素五项联合红细胞四项的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值均明显高于微量元素五项和红细胞四项(P0.05)。结论:IDA患儿微量元素镁、铁、锌含量以及Hb、MCV、MCH及MCHC水平较低,微量元素五项联合红细胞四项检测可以提高小儿IDA的检出率。     

3320例儿童微量元素检测结果分析

目的:了解本院就诊儿童血微量元素水平,并分析其影响因素.方法:取儿童末梢血,采用原子吸收分光光度法检测,用统计软件进行分析.结果:男女儿童之间铅含量有差异,但铜、锌、钙、镁、铁、镉含量无差别.不同年龄组儿童之问微量元素含量有显著性差异,其中儿童锌、铁含量随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,钙呈下降趋势.除镁外,不同年龄组儿童之间微量元素异常率有显著性差异,其中儿童钙、铁缺乏率随着年龄的增长分别呈上升、下降趋势,缺锌率呈波动状态,而儿童铜、镁缺乏率较低;儿童铅超标率在18.88%～29.37%之间,在4～5岁儿童时达到峰值;镉超标率在0.60～4.37%之间.结论:本院就诊儿童缺锌、钙、铁较普遍,但儿童铅中毒平均发生率低于全国平均水平.通过微量元素的检测,并有针对性地进行补充和排毒,将大大有利于儿童的健康成长.     

3320例儿童微量元素检测结果分析

目的:了解本院就诊儿童血微量元素水平,并分析其影响因素.方法:取儿童末梢血,采用原子吸收分光光度法检测,用统计软件进行分析.结果:男女儿童之间铅含量有差异,但铜、锌、钙、镁、铁、镉含量无差别.不同年龄组儿童之间微量元素含量有显著性差异,其中儿童锌、铁含量随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,钙呈下降趋势.除镁外,不同年龄组儿童之间微量元素异常率有显著性差异,其中儿童钙、铁缺乏率随着年龄的增长分别呈上升、下降趋势,缺锌率呈波动状态,而儿童铜、镁缺乏率较低;儿童铅超标率在18.88%～29.37%之间,在4～5岁儿童时达到峰值;镉超标率在0.60～4.37%之间.结论:本院就诊儿童缺锌、钙、铁较普遍,但儿童铅中毒平均发生率低于全国平均水平.通过微量元素的检测,并有针对性地进行补充和排毒,将大大有利于儿童的健康成长.     

微波消解ICP-AES法测定糙苏不同部位中的微量元素

利用微波消解电感耦合等离子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定野生中药糙苏根、茎、叶、花和籽中钠、钾、钙、铁、锌、镁、锰、铜、镍、钼、铅和镉的含量,并进行了分析比较。糙苏不同用药部位的微量元素含量存在差异,其中钠、钾、钙、铁、镁在根、茎、叶、花和籽中的含量均较高,锌、锰、铜、镍、钼的含量较少,铅和镉只在根和茎中痕量存在,结果表明糙苏中含有大量人体必需的微量元素,可为进一步探讨糙苏中元素含量与其药效的相关性提供科学的理论依据。     

正常和异常的人精浆中甘油-3-磷酸胆碱、总唾液酸及化学元素含量的比较研究

用酶法和过碘酸 -硫代巴比妥酸法对正常男性和异常男性患者精浆甘油 3 磷酸胆碱(GPC)、总唾液酸 (TSA)量进行了测定 .通过电感耦合等离子直读光谱仪 (ICP)测定精浆中多种化学元素的含量 .结果表明 :正常男性与异常男性患者精浆中GPC的含量有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5) ;正常男性与异常男性患者精浆中TSA的含量无显著性差异 ;正常男性与异常男性患者精浆中钙、镁、磷、硒和锌元素的含量具有显著差异 ,而正常男性与异常男性患者精浆中铝、钡、铁和铅元素的含量无显著差异 .这些结果提示精浆中GPC、钙、镁、磷、硒和锌元素的含量可能与男性不育有关 ,而精浆中TSA、铝、钡、铁和铅元素与男性不育关系还需进一步探讨 .     

黑果枸杞中十三种元素含量的测定

采用原子吸收法测定了黑果枸杞中钙、镁、铜、锌、锰、铁、铅、镍、镉、钴、铬、钾、钠等元素的含量 ,为对其深入研究提供了科学资料。结果表明 :黑果枸杞中钙、镁、铜、锌、铁等元素的含量远高于宁夏枸杞中相应各元素的平均含量 ,钾、锰含量远低于其平均值 ,钠含量与其相当。钴含量远高于绿叶蔬菜的含量 ,铬含量较牛奶中含量低。镍含量比谷物、腌肉、蔬菜中的高。镉、铅含量较普通植物中的略低 ,不构成污染。     

铅锌镉联合染毒及营养干预对大鼠血液系统的影响研究

目的:了解铅锌镉联合染毒对大鼠血液系统的影响及营养干预对其损伤的修复作用。方法:选择SPF级初断乳Wistar大鼠72只,随机分为对照组、染毒组和干预组,分别采用生理盐水、铅锌镉联合染毒液及染毒后以营养干预液灌胃28天和56天之后,检测其血液系统中五元素和血细胞的指标。结果:染毒组较对照组大鼠血铜、血锌含量高,血钙含量低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);染毒组血铜含量高于干预组,血钙含量低于干预组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组红细胞(RBC)计数、血红蛋白(Hb)、血细胞比容(HCT)均高于染毒组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组白细胞(WBC)计数高于染毒组、干预组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:铅镉对大鼠血铜、血钙、血锌水平有影响;综合营养干预对重金属元素造成的血液系统损伤有明显的拮抗作用,对血液系统有一定的保护及修复作用。     

人工饲养与野生川金丝猴体毛10种微量元素的含量及比较

测定了秦岭人工饲养(10只)和野生(14只)川金丝猴体毛中的10种微量元素含量。锌、铁、铜、钙、镁5种元素采用火焰原子吸收法;锰、铬、铅采用石墨炉原子吸收法;铝采用等离子光谱;硒经硝解后采用原子吸收法测定。结果表明,铬、锰、镁、铅、锌和硒的含量,人工猴极显著或显著高于野生猴;铁含量,人工猴极显著低于野生猴;钙、铜和铝的含量,人工猴与野生猴无显著差异。以人类毛发10种微量元素的正常范围为参照,人工猴铅、铬、锰与锌4种含量均显著超出正常范围的上限,属于严重超量。这可能与金丝猴饲养过程中添加营养制剂有关。     

北京市方庄地区儿童全血微量营养素含量检测结果分析

目的:通过分析北京市方庄地区儿童全血微量营养素的含量及影响因素,研究探讨微量营养素缺乏的防治措施。方法:2011年1月至12月北京中医药大学东方医院儿科门诊1887例健康体检儿童,收集末梢血,采用原子吸收光谱仪检测全血5种微量营养素铜、锌、钙、镁、铁的含量,并从性别、年龄、季节(月份)方面进行比较分析。结果:全血5种微量营养素含量无性别差异(P0.05),但存在季节差异,4-6月铜、锌含量降低;7-9月钙、镁含量降低;10-12月铁含量降低(P0.05)。全血锌、铁含量存在年龄差异,婴幼儿最低(P0.05)。1887例儿童中,缺乏较多的元素依次为铁(38.8%)、钙(22.3%)、锌(12.8%),其中,4-7岁(17.0%)、7-12岁(21.5%)年龄段组以锌缺乏居多。1岁以内(51.2%)、1-3岁(44.6%)年龄段组以铁缺乏居多。全血铜、锌、钙、铁缺乏无性别差异(P0.05)。全血5种微量营养素缺乏存在季节差异,1-3月镁缺乏明显,4-6月铜、锌缺乏明显,10-12月钙、铁缺乏明显(P0.05)。结论:北京市方庄地区儿童主要存在锌、钙、铁的缺乏,以秋冬季及初春明显。其中婴幼儿以铁缺乏为主,学龄前期及学龄期儿童以锌缺乏为主。应加强对此地区儿童的营养宣教和饮食指导。     

Effect of trace elements on the seminal oxidative status and correlation to sperm motility in infertile Saudi males

The impact of trace elements, especially zinc, selenium, copper, and magnesium, on male fertility has gained great interest and significance. Increased oxidative stress and altered trace element levels are probable etiological factors underlying male reproductive dysfunction and infertility. The present study focused on the evaluation of seminal oxidative markers, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and trace element levels in the normozoospermic fertile control group (n = 40) and asthenozoospermic infertile group (n = 30). Semen from infertile men exhibited significantly higher ROS and MDA levels accompanied with significant decline in TAC and trace element (zinc and magnesium) levels. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between trace elements and oxidative markers with sperm motility. The current study revealed increased lipid peroxidation and oxidant-reductant imbalance that leads to deterioration of semen quality and male infertility. Thus, oxidative stress and trace elements can be considered important biomarkers of male infertility. Measurement of seminal oxidative stress with conventional seminological parameters must be integrated in fertility assessment from early stages to ensure healthy semen characteristics and fertility in men.     

Correlation of trace mineral concentrations with fructose,gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase,and acid phosphatase in seminal plasma of different categories of infertile men

The study describes the concentrations of zinc, magnesium, copper, iron, and biochemical markers of seminal vesicle and prostate in seminal plasma of different categories of infertile men. The zinc level in oligasthenospermic subjects was significantly higher than in azoospermic, asthenospermic, and oligospermic subjects. The γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in both oligoasthenospermic and azoospermic subjects were significantly lower than in asthenospermic and oligospermic individuals. There was no significant difference in iron, copper, and magnesium levels and acid phosphatase activity among the different infertile categories. A positive correlation between zinc and acid phosphatase (r=0.84, r=0.73; p<0.05), and between copper and fructose (r=0.81, r=0.72; p<0.05) was observed in oligoasthenospermic and azoospermic men, respectively. On the basis of our results, it may be postulated that there is a direct effect of the trace elements zinc and copper on acid phosphatase and fructose, respectively, in oligoasthenospermic and azoospermic subjects.     

Selenium,Copper and Zinc in Seminal Plasma of Men with Varicocele,Relationship with Seminal Parameters

Varicocele has been associated with decrease in seminal parameters. Selenium (Se), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) are trace elements essential for normal spermatogenesis of mammals and play a critical role as antioxidant defense system enzymes. Se, Cu, and Zn are associated with sperm quality in fertile and infertile men. However, there is little information about Se, Cu, and Zn concentrations in semen in patients with varicocele and its association with seminal parameters. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of Se, Cu, and Zn in semen of patients with varicocele and the relationship with seminal parameters. Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence was used for the fist time in the seminal fluid analysis. The concentration of selenium in men with varicocele was smaller than the normozoospermic group, while no differences were observed for both concentrations of zinc and copper. A significant positive correlation between zinc and selenium concentration was observed. Selenium in seminal plasma correlates with a good spermatozoa concentrations, motility, and morphology. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was observed between zinc levels and sperm count. In conclusion, a decrease in selenium concentration was associated with detriment of seminal parameters. A study should be conducted to evaluate the benefits of both zinc and selenium supplementation to improve seminal parameters in patients with varicocele.     

Study of the effects of oral zinc supplementation on peroxynitrite levels, arginase activity and NO synthase activity in seminal plasma of Iraqi asthenospermic patients

Background

Low concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) are necessary for the biology and physiology of spermatozoa, but high levels of NO are toxic and have negative effects on sperm functions. Although several studies have considered the relationship between infertility and semen NO concentrations, no study on the effects of asthenospermia treatments such as oral zinc supplementation on concentrations of NO, which are important in fertility, has been reported. Studies have shown that oral zinc supplementation develops sperm count, motility and the physical characteristics of sperm in animals and in some groups of infertile men. The present study was conducted to study the effect of zinc supplementation on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of semen, along with enzymes of the NO pathway in the seminal plasma of asthenospermic patients.

Methods

Semen samples were obtained from 60 fertile and 60 asthenozoospermic infertile men of matched age. The subfertile group was treated with zinc sulfate; each participant took two capsules (220 mg per capsule) per day for 3 months. Semen samples were obtained (before and after zinc sulfate supplementation). After liquefaction of the seminal fluid at room temperature, routine semen analyses were performed. The stable metabolites of NO (nitrite) in seminal plasma were measured by nitrophenol assay. Arginase activity and NO synthase activity were measured spectrophotometrically.

Results

Peroxynitrite levels, arginase activity, NO synthase activity and various sperm parameters were compared among fertile controls and infertile patients (before and after treatment with zinc sulfate). Peroxynitrite levels and NO synthase activity were significantly higher in the infertile patients compared to the fertile group. Conversely, arginase activity was significantly higher in the fertile group than the infertile patients. Peroxynitrite levels, arginase activity and NO synthase activity of the infertile patient were restored to normal values after treatment with zinc sulfate. Volume of semen, progressive sperm motility percentage and total normal sperm count were increased after zinc supplementation.

Conclusions

Treatment of asthenospermic patients with zinc supplementation leads to restored peroxynitrite levels, arginase activity and NO synthase activity to normal values and gives a statistically significant improvement of semen parameters compared with controls.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01684059     

Cadmium toxicity: a possible cause of male infertility in Nigeria

Serum and seminal plasma cadmium (Cd) concentrations were estimated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in 60 infertile adult male Nigerians (40 oligozoospermics and 20 azoospermics). The results were compared with Cd level in 40 normozoospermic subjects (matched age, with proven evidence of fertility). The relationship between Cd levels and spermatograms or the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) -axis was investigated by correlating serum and seminal plasma Cd levels with semen characteristics and hormone levels. The seminal plasma Cd level was significantly higher than those of serum in all studied groups (p<0.001). The serum and seminal plasma Cd levels were increased (p<0.001) in azoospermics in comparison to oligozoospermic and control subjects. A significant negative correlation was observed between serum Cd level and all examined biophysical semen characteristics except sperm volume. A positive correlation was also observed between seminal plasma Cd and FSH. Results of the study for the first time implicate cadmium as a cause of infertility in male Nigerians as well as extend and support previous findings concerning cadmium toxicity and male infertility. The strong deleterious effect of cadmium on spermatogenesis may be due to the systemic and cellular toxicity. A possible relationship between this element and the HPG axis is also suggested.     

The Correlation of Serum Trace Elements and Heavy Metals with Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Changes in essential trace elements and heavy metals may affect the atherosclerotic state of patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between the serum levels of some trace elements and heavy metals (iron, zinc, manganese, copper, magnesium, cobalt, cadmium, lead, and copper/zinc ratio) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in HD patients. Fifty chronic HD patients without known atherosclerotic disease and 48 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were included in the study. The serum levels of trace elements (iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and magnesium) and heavy metals (cobalt, cadmium, and lead) were measured by Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer (UNICAM-929). CIMT was assessed by carotid artery ultrasonography. The serum levels of iron, zinc, and manganese were lower; levels of copper, magnesium, cobalt, cadmium, lead, and copper/zinc ratio were higher in HD patients compared to controls. CIMT in HD patients were higher than the control group (0.64?±?0.11 vs 0.42?±?0.05, p?相似文献   

Trace elements and lipid peroxidation in human seminal plasma

In the present study, the concentrations of copper, iron, zinc, and malondialdehyde in human seminal plasma were measured and correlated with the sperm count and motility in human semen. Copper, iron, and zinc were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry, whereas malondialdehyde was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The malondialdehyde concentrations in asthenospermia and oligoasthenospermia were significantly higher than in normospermia. Copper and iron levels were higher in asthenospermia, whereas the zinc concentrations in both oligospermia and asthenospermia were lower than in normal controls. A negative correlation (r = -0.28, p < 0.05) between the malondialdehyde concentration and sperm motility was observed in the abnormal groups. There was no association among copper, iron, zinc, and malondialdehyde in seminal plasma. We concluded that changes in trace elements may be related to sperm quality and that lipid peroxidation, although it is not promoted in the seminal plasma by copper or iron or ameliorated by zinc, may be involved in the loss of sperm motility.     

The influence of macro and trace elements on sperm quality

The aim of this study was to examine the association between combined concentrations of macro and trace elements and markers of oxidative stress and antioxidative defense system function together with selected cytokine levels. Based on the combined medians of the seminal plasma levels of calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, iron, and selenium, the study subjects (88 fertile male volunteers) were divided into the following two subgroups: the Me-L group (low level of metals) and the Me-H group (high level of metals). There was a tendency toward reduced motility in the Me-H group compared to that in the Me-L group. The total protein, albumin, and total oxidation status (TOS) levels were significantly higher in the Me-H group than in the Me-L group. The total superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD, and CuZn-SOD, activity in spermatozoa were significantly lower in the Me-H group than in the Me-L group. In seminal plasma, the Mn-SOD activity was significantly higher in the Me-H group, whereas the CuZn-SOD activity was significantly lower. Additionally, the activity levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were lower in the Me-H group. The medians of IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-12 were significantly higher in the Me-H group than in the Me-L group, whereas the medians of IL-2, IL-5, and IL-13 were significantly lower. Higher levels of macro and trace elements in the seminal plasma of fertile males may be associated with decreased motility. Higher levels of the examined metals are associated with elevated oxidative stress accompanied by decreased activities of some of the antioxidant enzymes and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.     

Role of trace elements in pityriasis Alba

BackgroundPityriasis Alba (PA) is a common skin disorder affecting the children and it has multiple risk factors.ObjectivesTo assess the serum levels of trace elements (copper, zinc, and magnesium) and hemoglobin (Hb) level in patients with PA.MethodThis is a case control study; 110 participants (55 cases and 55 controls) were recruited from pediatric dermatology and family medicine clinics, Cairo university hospitals. Patients were allocated into two groups, PA group (randomly selected male and female children age group (6–16) with PA lesions) and a matched control group. Full history was taken including sociodemographic data, present history of the lesions. Full general and dermatological examination was done. Blood samples were taken to asses iron and trace elements levels. The gained measures were analyzed by (SPSS) program version 22.ResultsThis study showed that Hb levels, serum ferritin, copper, zinc and magnesium were significantly lower in PA group. There was statistically significant difference between both cases and controls regarding trace elements (copper, zinc, and magnesium) with (p value was 0.000, 0.000 and 0.003) respectively. Zinc deficiency increased the risk by more than 15 folds. Also, there was statistically significant difference between both groups regarding Hb levels and serum ferritin (p value was 0.000). The reduced Hb level increases the risk of PA by more than nine folds (OR 9.6)ConclusionPA is associated with reduced levels of Hb, serum zinc, ferritin, copper and magnesium; sun exposure, skin phototype were found to be important risk factors for PA.     

High Levels of Cadmium and Lead in Seminal Fluid and Blood of Smoking Men are Associated with High Oxidative Stress and Damage in Infertile Subjects

We measured the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and reducte glutathione (GSH) in seminal plasma and spermatozoa from 95 subjects including 50 infertile patients to evaluate the association between oxidative stress and damage and the components of the anti-oxidant defenses in seminal plasma and spermatozoa of infertile subjects and concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the blood and seminal plasma because of tobacco smoke exposure. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) in spermatozoa were also evaluated by luminol (5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione)-enhanced chemiluminescence assay. The sperm count, motility, and morphology in the smokers infertile group were found to be lower than those in the fertile male group and nonsmokers infertile group (p < 0.001). Concentrations of Cd, Pb, MDA, protein carbonyls, and ROS levels in the smokers infertile group were significantly higher than those in the fertile male and nonsmokers infertile male groups (p < 0.001). However, GSH levels and GST activities were decreased in the smokers infertile male group than those in the fertile male and nonsmokers infertile male groups (p < 0.001). The results indicate that smoking could affect semen quality and oxidative lipid and protein damage in human spermatozoa. From Pearson correlation analysis, positive correlations were demonstrated between the seminal plasma Cd and seminal plasma protein carbonyls and between seminal plasma Pb and spermatozoa ROS levels in smokers of the subfertile group, while there was a significant positive correlation between blood Cd and ROS levels in smokers of the fertile group. There was also a significant negative correlation of the Cd level of the blood and GSH levels of the sperm and seminal plasma. These findings suggest that cigarette smoking enhances the levels of Cd and Pb in seminal plasma and blood and the extent of oxidative damage associated with a decrease in components of the anti-oxidant defenses in the sperm of infertile males.