北京市方庄地区儿童全血微量营养素含量检测结果分析

目的:通过分析北京市方庄地区儿童全血微量营养素的含量及影响因素,研究探讨微量营养素缺乏的防治措施。方法:2011年1月至12月北京中医药大学东方医院儿科门诊1887例健康体检儿童,收集末梢血,采用原子吸收光谱仪检测全血5种微量营养素铜、锌、钙、镁、铁的含量,并从性别、年龄、季节(月份)方面进行比较分析。结果:全血5种微量营养素含量无性别差异(P0.05),但存在季节差异,4-6月铜、锌含量降低;7-9月钙、镁含量降低;10-12月铁含量降低(P0.05)。全血锌、铁含量存在年龄差异,婴幼儿最低(P0.05)。1887例儿童中,缺乏较多的元素依次为铁(38.8%)、钙(22.3%)、锌(12.8%),其中,4-7岁(17.0%)、7-12岁(21.5%)年龄段组以锌缺乏居多。1岁以内(51.2%)、1-3岁(44.6%)年龄段组以铁缺乏居多。全血铜、锌、钙、铁缺乏无性别差异(P0.05)。全血5种微量营养素缺乏存在季节差异,1-3月镁缺乏明显,4-6月铜、锌缺乏明显,10-12月钙、铁缺乏明显(P0.05)。结论:北京市方庄地区儿童主要存在锌、钙、铁的缺乏,以秋冬季及初春明显。其中婴幼儿以铁缺乏为主,学龄前期及学龄期儿童以锌缺乏为主。应加强对此地区儿童的营养宣教和饮食指导。     

微量元素五项联合红细胞四项检测在小儿缺铁性贫血中的诊断价值

目的:探讨微量元素五项联合红细胞四项检测在小儿缺铁性贫血(IDA)中的诊断价值。方法:选取2013年1月至2016年1月于我院进行治疗的小儿缺铁性贫血(IDA)患儿130例作为缺铁性贫血(IDA)组及同期于我院进行常规体检的健康儿童40例作为对照组。检测和比较其钙、镁、铜、铁、锌、血红蛋白(Hb)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)水平,并比较微量元素五项、红细胞四项检查以及两者联合对IDA患儿的诊断效能。结果:缺铁性贫血(IDA)组患儿微量元素镁、铁、锌含量以及Hb、MCV、MCH及MCHC水平均明显低于对照组儿童,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组儿童微量元素钙、铜含量比较差异不显著(P0.05)。微量元素五项联合红细胞四项的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值均明显高于微量元素五项和红细胞四项(P0.05)。结论:IDA患儿微量元素镁、铁、锌含量以及Hb、MCV、MCH及MCHC水平较低,微量元素五项联合红细胞四项检测可以提高小儿IDA的检出率。     

血清微量元素与多动症患儿行为症状的相关性研究

目的:探讨多动症(ADHD)患儿血清中微量元素水平与患儿行为症状的相关性。方法:以原子吸收光谱仪检测6~14岁80名ADHD患儿及72名正常儿童血清中的铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)等微量元素的含量,应用Conner氏量表评价患儿行为症状,分析血清微量元素与行为症状评分的相关性。结果:ADHD患儿血清中Zn水平明显低于正常儿童、Pb水平明显高于正常儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);Fe、Ca略低于正常儿童,Cu、Cd略高于正常儿童,但差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。ADHD患儿品行问题、学习问题、冲动-多动、焦虑指数较正常儿童相比有显著差异(P0.05);经Pearson相关分析,ADHD患儿血清Zn与学习问题、冲动-多动、多动指数呈负相关(P0.05),血清Pb与患儿冲动-多动、多动指数呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:ADHD患儿血清中Zn与Pb异常表达,与行为症状密切相关。在治疗ADHD患儿过程中,可以通过检测这些指标进行针对性或预防性治疗,有一定的指导价值。     

血清25-羟维生素D水平与儿童骨密度的相关性研究

目的:研究血清25-羟维生素D[25-(OH)D]水平与儿童骨密度(BMD)的相关性。方法:选择2017年1月到2017年12月在亳州市人民医院接受健康体检的儿童100例作为研究对象。根据血清25-(OH)D水平对维生素D(Vit D)营养状况进行分组,其中严重缺乏组9例,缺乏组28例,不足组42例和充足组21例。对比不同年龄段和不同性别儿童血清25-(OH)D、BMD水平以及不同Vit D营养状况儿童对应的BMD水平,并采用Spearman相关性分析法分析血清25-(OH)D水平与儿童BMD、年龄的相关性。结果:5-9岁和10-14岁儿童的血清25-(OH)D及BMD水平均分别低于1-4岁儿童,而10-14岁儿童又低于5-9岁儿童(P0.05)。男童的血清25-(OH)D及BMD水平均分别高于女童,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不足组、缺乏组、严重缺乏组儿童的BMD水平均分别低于充足组,且缺乏组和严重缺乏组低于不足组,严重缺乏组又低于缺乏组(P0.05)。根据Spearman相关性分析结果显示,血清25-(OH)D水平与儿童BMD呈正相关,而与年龄呈负相关(P0.05),年龄与儿童BMD呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:血清25-(OH)D水平与儿童BMD呈正相关,但与年龄则呈负相关,及时补充适量的Vit D以满足儿童的机体所需,有利于儿童健康成长。     

不育男性患者和健康男性血液与精浆中微量元素含量的对比分析

目的:研究不育患者精浆和血液中微量元素的含量,为男性不育的诊断和治疗提供理论依据。方法:对73例正常生育组男性和265例男性不育患者的精浆和血液中的锌、铁、铜、钙、镁、镉进行检测分析,分析两组血液和精浆微量元素的差异。结果:不育组患者精浆和血液中锌的含量明显低于正常对照组,铜、镉离子含量明显高于正常对照组,与正常对照组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01);而两组中的钙、铁、镁的含量接近,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不育组患者精浆中的锌元素水平明显高于血液锌含量,而血液中的镉含量明显高于精浆中的镉含量,差异有明显的统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:精浆和血液中锌、铜、镉的变化与男性不育密切相关。     

湘潭地区不同孕期、不同年龄孕妇微量元素变化分析

目的:了解湘潭地区妊娠期妇女不同孕期、不同年龄微量元素的变化规律及缺乏情况,为孕妇合理地补充血清微量元素提供理论依据,从而达到提高孕期保健,减少不良妊娠事件发生的目的.方法:将255例观察组孕妇按妊娠时间分成早孕组(≤12周),中孕组(＞12～＜28周),晚孕组(≥28周),同时选取45例的健康非妊娠妇女作对照;并且根据年龄将观察组孕妇分为30岁以上组(年龄≥30岁)和30岁以下组(年龄＜30岁),采用原子吸收分光光度法测定不同孕期、不同年龄孕妇血清铁、钙、锌、镁、铜5种元素的含量,并统计出不同孕期、不同年龄孕妇5种元素的缺乏情况.结果:不同孕期、不同年龄孕妇各种微量元素均值比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05),表明微量元素的失衡程度与年龄和孕期有关.各孕期铁锌钙的缺乏率与对照组比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05);30岁以上组中铁、钙、锌与30岁以下组有明显差异(P＜0.05).结论:湘潭地区妊娠期孕妇不同孕期、不同年龄间微量元素含量存在着一定差异,孕妇应根据孕周和年龄的不同合理加强对铁、钙、锌等微量元素的补充,以避免孕期不良妊娠结局的发生,提高优生优育.     

反复呼吸道感染患儿血清微量元素及体液免疫水平测定及临床意义

目的:探讨反复呼吸道感染患儿血清微量元素及体液免疫水平测定及其临床意义。方法:选取2016年1月至2017年1月在我院接受治疗的反复呼吸道感染患儿64例作为观察组,另外选取同期来我院体检的健康儿童60例作为对照组,比较两组儿童血清微量元素钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、镁(Mg)等的水平、体液免疫因子免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)水平及血清补体C3、C4、C5水平,并分析其相关性。结果:观察组患儿血清Ca、Fe、Zn水平显著低于对照组儿童(P0.05),两组儿童血清Cu、Mg水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患儿血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平低于对照组儿童(P0.05)。两组儿童血清补体C3、C4、C5水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析可得:反复呼吸道感染患儿血清Ca、Fe、Zn与血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:反复呼吸道感染患儿存在血清Ca、Fe、Zn微量元素缺乏及血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平降低现象,且它们之间具有正相关关系,可能共同促进反复呼吸道感染的发生。     

3320例儿童微量元素检测结果分析

目的:了解本院就诊儿童血微量元素水平,并分析其影响因素.方法:取儿童末梢血,采用原子吸收分光光度法检测,用统计软件进行分析.结果:男女儿童之间铅含量有差异,但铜、锌、钙、镁、铁、镉含量无差别.不同年龄组儿童之间微量元素含量有显著性差异,其中儿童锌、铁含量随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,钙呈下降趋势.除镁外,不同年龄组儿童之间微量元素异常率有显著性差异,其中儿童钙、铁缺乏率随着年龄的增长分别呈上升、下降趋势,缺锌率呈波动状态,而儿童铜、镁缺乏率较低;儿童铅超标率在18.88%～29.37%之间,在4～5岁儿童时达到峰值;镉超标率在0.60～4.37%之间.结论:本院就诊儿童缺锌、钙、铁较普遍,但儿童铅中毒平均发生率低于全国平均水平.通过微量元素的检测,并有针对性地进行补充和排毒,将大大有利于儿童的健康成长.     

3320例儿童微量元素检测结果分析

目的:了解本院就诊儿童血微量元素水平,并分析其影响因素.方法:取儿童末梢血,采用原子吸收分光光度法检测,用统计软件进行分析.结果:男女儿童之间铅含量有差异,但铜、锌、钙、镁、铁、镉含量无差别.不同年龄组儿童之问微量元素含量有显著性差异,其中儿童锌、铁含量随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,钙呈下降趋势.除镁外,不同年龄组儿童之间微量元素异常率有显著性差异,其中儿童钙、铁缺乏率随着年龄的增长分别呈上升、下降趋势,缺锌率呈波动状态,而儿童铜、镁缺乏率较低;儿童铅超标率在18.88%～29.37%之间,在4～5岁儿童时达到峰值;镉超标率在0.60～4.37%之间.结论:本院就诊儿童缺锌、钙、铁较普遍,但儿童铅中毒平均发生率低于全国平均水平.通过微量元素的检测,并有针对性地进行补充和排毒,将大大有利于儿童的健康成长.     

高压氧预处理对减压病脑组织MMP-9表达与相关元素关系研究

目的:探讨高压氧预处理对减压病大鼠脑组织基质金属蛋白酶-9(matrix metalloproteinases-9,MMP-9)蛋白的表达与相关金属元素的关系。方法:雄性SD大鼠36只,随机分为正常对照组(NC group)、减压组(DCS group)、HBO预处理组(HBO-PC group),每组12只。连续进行高压氧(hyperbaric oxygen,HBO)预处理5天后建立减压病模型,原子吸收分光光度计测定各组大鼠脑组织元素锰、锌、铁和镁的含量;免疫组织化学法测定MMP-9蛋白表达,并对两者的结果做相关性分析。结果:减压组镁、锌、铁的含量降低,高压氧预处理组锌、镁含量降低而锰、铁的含量升高(P0.05);与减压组相比,高压氧预处理组锰、锌、铁、镁含量均升高(P0.05);减压组中MMP-9表达较对照组明显增加(P0.05),高压氧预处理组MMP-9表达被抑制,与减压组相比明显减少(P0.05);脑组织MMP-9阳性细胞表达数与相关的金属元素锌、镁含量呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:金属元素锌、镁的含量与MMP-9的表达在减压病发生过程中起着非常重要的作用,高压氧预处理可以通过调节元素锌与镁的含量与MMP-9的表达来抑制减压病发生时的大鼠脑组织的氧化损伤,从而起到对减压病的保护作用。     

维生素A、D治疗毛细支气管炎和儿童支气管哮喘的临床效果研究

目的:探讨维生素A、D治疗毛细支气管炎和儿童支气管哮喘的临床效果。方法:选取2016年1月-2018年1月本院住院治疗的毛细支气管炎患儿120例、门诊就诊的支气管哮喘患儿120例、儿童保健门诊查体的健康患儿40例(近1年均无服用维生素AD史)作为研究对象。将毛细支气管炎组、哮喘组分别随机分为治疗组40例(常规治疗+口服维生素AD组)和对照组40例(常规治疗组)。治疗组补充口服维生素AD1粒qd,疗程共6个月。分别比较三组血清维生素A、D水平,随访6个月、1年内喘息的控制情况(喘息发作次数、持续时间、咳嗽程度、有无夜间症状或夜间憋醒、有无活动受限)及肺功能(第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1/FVC),哮喘组≥4岁患儿进行儿童哮喘控制测试(C-ACT)评分评价哮喘的控制情况。结果:观察组与对照组患儿血清维生素A、D水平无显著性差异(P0.05);观察组、对照组患者维生素A、D水平显著低于健康组患儿(P0.05);观察组患儿喘息发作次数、喘息发作时间、夜间症状、夜间憋醒、活动受限发生情况均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组各肺功能指标较治疗前均显著升高(P0.05),观察组FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC水平及C-ACT评分均明显高于对照组(P0.05),观察组进展支气管哮喘的发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:维生素A、D治疗毛细支气管炎和儿童支气管哮喘的临床效果显著。     

Effects of Vitamin E and Selenium on Serum Trace and Major Elements in Horses

The combined effects of vitamin E and selenium were studied in native Anatolian horses subject to strenuous exercise. The concentrations of copper, zinc, iron, calcium, potassium, and magnesium were determined in serum by atomic absorption spectrometry in two study groups (n = 25 each), one of which served as untreated controls. After exercising the horses by running 1,500 m in about 7 min, only the copper level and the copper/zinc ratio significantly increased (p < 0.05), but the concentrations of calcium, potassium, iron, and magnesium remained unchanged. In horses treated with vitamin E and selenium, the calcium and potassium levels decreased to levels lower than those of untreated controls before and after exercise. The iron levels were not changed by exercise or treatment alone but increased when the horses had been supplemented and exercised. The copper level and the copper/zinc ration increased as a result of exercise in both treated and untreated horses. These changes suggest that supplementation with vitamin E and selenium had an important effect on the serum concentrations of calcium, potassium, copper, iron, and the copper/zinc ratio.     

Element profiles in blood and teeth samples of children with congenital heart diseases in comparison with healthy ones

BackgroundSome elements were claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of congenital heart defects (CHD) and influence the general well-being and health of these children.ObjectivesWe aimed to assess the levels of some elements simultaneously in the blood and teeth samples of children with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD compared with healthy children.MethodsA total of 39 children with CHD (11 with cyanotic and 28 with acyanotic CHD) and 42 age- and sex-adjusted controls were enrolled. Levels of 13 elements, including magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, chromium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, strontium, cadmium, lead, mercury, and molybdenum, were assessed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.ResultsChildren with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD had significantly lower teeth calcium and calcium/phosphorus ratio as compared to the controls after adjusting for confounders. The mean blood iron level was found to be significantly higher in the cyanotic CHD group compared to the other groups. In addition, children with acyanotic CHD had significantly higher teeth copper levels, higher blood molybdenum and lower blood magnesium levels compared to the healthy control group. Blood cadmium and mercury levels were found to be significantly elevated in both the cyanotic and acyanotic CHD groups compared to the healthy control group. There were no differences in toxic metal levels of teeth in cases with CHD.ConclusionMonitoring adequate and balanced gestational micronutrient intake might support not only maternal health but also fetal cardiac development and infant well-being. Supplementation of magnesium should be evaluated in patients having CHD.     

Effects of α-tocopherol on serum trace and major elements in rats with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis

The study was undertaken to investigate the influence of α-tocopherol on zinc, copper, iron, calcium, magnesium, and potassium concentrations in serum of rats with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Fourteen Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into two groups of seven animals each. The first group was treated intratracheally with bleomycin hydrochloride (BM group); the second group was also instilled with BM but received injections of α-tocopherol twice a week (BM+E group). The third group was treated in the same manner with saline solution only, acting as controls (C). The zinc concentrations of the BM and BM+E groups were significantly decreased compared to the controls (p<0.05). The iron concentration of the controls was significantly higher than the other two groups. The magnesium concentration in the controls and the BM+E group was significantly higher than that of the BM group. The serum copper, calcium, and potassium concentrations were not found to be statistically different among the three groups. Distinct histopathologic changes were found in the BM group compared to the untreated rats. Less severe fibrotic lesions were also observed in the BM+E group. The results of this study show that lungs of rats treated with bleomycin were seriously damaged and that vitamin E seemed to counteract some of the damage, as indicated by differences in the serum concentrations of major elements.     

多巴胺联合酚妥拉明治疗小儿重症肺炎合并心衰疗效研究

目的:探讨多巴胺联合酚妥拉明治疗小儿重症肺炎合并心力衰竭疗效及心肌酶学变化情况。方法:选择2014年10月至2015年3月之间于我院进行治疗的重症肺炎合并心力衰竭患儿185例作为研究对象随机分组。对照组92例患儿给予常规综合治疗,观察组93例患儿在此基础上给予多巴胺联合酚妥拉明治疗。比较两组患儿临床疗效、症状改善时间、治疗前后生命体征及心肌酶学指标变化情况以及不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组显效率及总有效率显著高于对照组,症状改善时间显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前两组患儿生命体征及心肌酶学各项指标均无显著差异(P0.05),治疗后两组患儿呼吸频率(HR)、心率(RR)显著下降,血氧饱和度(SpO_2)显著升高,心肌酶学各项指标均显著下降,差异较治疗前均有统计学意义(P0.05)。组间比较,观察组患儿治疗后生命体征及心肌酶学各指标均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患儿不良反应发生率无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:多巴酚联合酚妥拉明治疗小儿重症肺炎合并心力衰竭具有良好的临床疗效及安全性,利于患儿临床症状及心肌损伤的恢复,值得临床推广应用。     

复合疲劳对大鼠不同组织矿物质代谢影响研究

目的:研究复合疲劳大鼠血液、肌肉、肝脏和脑中矿物元素代谢变化的影响。方法:将30只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、食物限制组和复合疲劳组。经过5天的实验干预后,提取动物的血液、腓肠肌、肝脏和脑,并利用原子吸收分光光度法测量各组织中的钾(K)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)和铜(Cu)。结果:相对正常对照组和食物限制组,复合疲劳大鼠的肌肉、肝脏和脑中的K(P<0.01)和肝脏中的Fe(P<005)明显升高,血液中的Cu(与正常对照组比较P<0.01,与食物限制组比较P<0.05)明显下降;与对照组相比,复合疲劳大鼠的血液中的K明显升高(P<0.05),血液中的Mg和Zn(P<0.05),肌肉中的Ca、Mg和Zn(PCa<0.05,PMg<0.05,PZn<0.01),肝脏中的Ca和Zn(PCa<0.01,PZn<0.05),以及脑中的Fe、Mg和Zn(PFe<0.05,PMg<0.05,PZn<0.01)明显降低。结论:在复合疲劳状态下,大鼠血液、肌肉、肝脏和脑中的K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn和Cu代谢发生变化,可能在疲劳的发生与缓解中发挥作用。     

Role of trace elements in pityriasis Alba

BackgroundPityriasis Alba (PA) is a common skin disorder affecting the children and it has multiple risk factors.ObjectivesTo assess the serum levels of trace elements (copper, zinc, and magnesium) and hemoglobin (Hb) level in patients with PA.MethodThis is a case control study; 110 participants (55 cases and 55 controls) were recruited from pediatric dermatology and family medicine clinics, Cairo university hospitals. Patients were allocated into two groups, PA group (randomly selected male and female children age group (6–16) with PA lesions) and a matched control group. Full history was taken including sociodemographic data, present history of the lesions. Full general and dermatological examination was done. Blood samples were taken to asses iron and trace elements levels. The gained measures were analyzed by (SPSS) program version 22.ResultsThis study showed that Hb levels, serum ferritin, copper, zinc and magnesium were significantly lower in PA group. There was statistically significant difference between both cases and controls regarding trace elements (copper, zinc, and magnesium) with (p value was 0.000, 0.000 and 0.003) respectively. Zinc deficiency increased the risk by more than 15 folds. Also, there was statistically significant difference between both groups regarding Hb levels and serum ferritin (p value was 0.000). The reduced Hb level increases the risk of PA by more than nine folds (OR 9.6)ConclusionPA is associated with reduced levels of Hb, serum zinc, ferritin, copper and magnesium; sun exposure, skin phototype were found to be important risk factors for PA.     

Trace element,immune and opioid biomarkers of unstable angina,increased atherogenicity and insulin resistance: Results of machine learning

BackgroundAberrations in endothelial cells, immune and oxidative pathways are associated with atherosclerosis (ATS) and unstable angina (UA). The role of trace elements, minerals, and the endogenous opioid system (EOS) in UA are less well established.MethodsWe measured lipid, insulin resistance (IR), and immune, trace element (copper and zinc), mineral (magnesium, calcium), EOS (β-endorphin and mu-opioid receptor (MOR)) and antioxidant (vitamin D3) biomarkers in patients with ATS (n = 60) and UA (n = 60) and healthy controls (n = 58).ResultsATS patients showed increased atherogenic and IR indices, IL-6, IL-10, β-endorphin, copper and magnesium, and lower zinc than healthy controls. Logistic regression showed that UA was significantly discriminated from ATS without UA with an accuracy of 85.5 % using calcium, IL-10, β-endorphin, MOR, triglycerides, IR (all positively), and copper and vitamin D3 (inversely). Neural networks showed that UA was discriminated from ATS without UA with an area under the ROC curve of 0.942 using MOR, β-endorphin, calcium, insulin resistance, vitamin D3 and copper as input variables. We found that 50.0 % of the variance in IR was explained by the regression on copper, IL-10, IL-6 (all positively), and zinc (inversely), while 32.9 % of the variance in the atherogenic index of plasma was explained by copper, IL-10 (both positively), and magnesium (inversely).ConclusionUA is not only mediated by insulin resistance, atherogenicity, and immune disorders, but also by aberrations in the endogenous opioid system and trace elements as well as lowered antioxidant levels. Copper appears to play a key role in IR and atherogenicity.