中国内蒙古鄂伦春、鄂温克、达斡尔族人五种酶型和二种血清型遗传多样性分析

应用G6PD ACP ADA AK1和GC-Tf同步电泳的方法及GPT凝胶电泳的方法,分别对内蒙古境内鄂温克、鄂伦春、达斡尔族人476份血痕红细胞酶型:GPT、6-PGD、ACP、ADA、AK1和血清型GC、Tf的遗传多样性进行检测。根据所测表型频率分布、计算出基因频率分布,识别能力和累积识别能力,就其多态性特征及其在法医学鉴定中的应用价值进行了分析讨论。同国内外不同资料进行了比较研究,阐明了三群体上述酶型和血清型遗传多样性分布的规律和特点。从血型遗传学角度探讨了鄂伦春、鄂温克、达斡尔族间的族源、血缘关系。被调查人群中未发现各酶型和血清型的变异型。     

云南苗族EAP、ADA和AK1的分布及其基因频率

DistributionandGeneFrequcnciesofEAP,ADAandAK1intheMiaoEthnicGroupofYunnan,ChinaouJiongwenShenBinZhouLangpingZhaoLipingZhaoYonghe(DepartmentofForensicMedicine,KunmingMedicalCollege,Kunming650031)我们对居住于云南的苗族人红细胞EAP、ADA和AK1的分布进行了调查。138例苗族人血样采自云南省屏边苗族自治县民族小学的学生,各取措梢血少许,涂于干净纱布上自然晾干,制成血痕样品,低温干燥保存。按文献[3]所述方法对样品进行EAP－AK1同步电泳分型检测,对所得数据进行统计处理。本次调查所检测的EAP、ADA…     

内蒙古西部地区蒙古族、汉族4项人类群体遗传学特征的研究

从1998~2001年调查了内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市、锡林郭勒盟、巴彦淖尔盟的蒙古族、汉族6个群体的拇指类型、环食指长、指甲类型、足趾长等4项人类群体遗传学指标,共获有效资料2760例。研究表明：（1）6个群体的直型拇指出现率均在60％以上,且均无性别间明显差异;（2）6个群体环指长率均远高于食指长率,有4个群体存在性别间显著差异;（3）各群体均表现出长型指甲最多、方型次之、扁型最少;（4）6个群体均多为拇趾长型,且各群体均无性别间显著差异;（5）4项指标之间无明显相关关系。 Abstract:From 1998 to 2001,a sample of 2760 Mongol and Han individuals was investigated in 3 areas (Eerduosi city,Xilinguole and Bayannaoer leagues) from Inner Mongolia.Each individual was studied on 4 genetic characters (thumb type,palmar digital formular,fingernail type and plantar digital formular).The result is as follows:(1) The frequencies of the straight thumb were over 60%,and there were no significant sexual differences in all of 6 groups.(2) The frequencies of the ring-finger-longer were much higher in 6 groups,and there were significant sexual differences in 4 groups.(3) The frequencies of the long-shaped fingernail were the highest in all groups,the squat-shaped were the lowest.(4) The big toes were longer than the second toes in most people of 6 groups,but without significant sexual differences in each groups.(5) There were no significant correlations between 4 characters.     

云南23个少数民族人群腺苷酸激酶(AK1)多态分布调查

采用淀粉凝胶电泳法,对云南彝、白、哈尼、壮、傣、苗、傈僳、回、拉祜、佤、纳西、瑶、藏、景颇、布朗、普米、怒、阿昌、德昂、基诺、布依、独龙和苦聪人等23个少数民族人群的红细胞腺苷酸激酶(AK1)的多态分布进行了调查。结果,在23个人群中均未检出AK21纯合子。但在彝、回、景颇、布朗、怒和德昂6个民族中检出了AK21杂合子,AK21基因频率在这6个民族中的分布在0.0045-0.0446之间,其中,仅回族的AK21基因达多态水平。 Abstract:The investigation on the distribution of adenylate kinase(AK1)polyorphism in 23 ethnic groups in Yunnan province of China,including the minorities of Yi,Bai,Hani,Zhuang,Dai,Miao,Lisu,Hui,Lahu,Wa,Naxi,Yao,Tibetan,Jingro,Bulang,Pumi,Nu,Achang,Deang,Jino,Buyi,Dulong and Kucong people,was carried out,using starch gel electrophoresis.The results showed that no AK21,homozygote and other variations were found.But AK21 heterozygotes were found in the minorities of Yi,Hui,Jingpo,Bulang,Nu and Deang.The ranges of AK21 gene frequencies were 0.0045-0.0446.     

内蒙古7个群体优势眼的调查

1987～1991年间4次调查了内蒙古7个群体3 247例优势眼的分布特征。研究结果显示：（1）7个群体中右优势眼出现率约为70%～80%。呼和浩特回族、阿拉善蒙古族右优势眼出现率明显低于其他5个群体;（2）右优势眼出现率无性别间差异;（3）优势眼与惯用手这两个性状间存在一定的联系。 Abstract：　A survey on distribution of eye preference of 3247 cases among seven groups in Inner Mongolia were carried out from 1987 to 1991. The results showed that：（1）The right-eye preference showed a frequency of 70%～80% in seven groups. The Hui ethinc group of Huhhot city and Mongols of Alashan League had a obviously lower frequency of this trait than the other five groups.（2）The frequency of this trait showed no sexual signi-ficant difference.（3）There were cor-relations between the eye preference and handedness.     

内蒙古7个群体优势眼的调查

1987～1991年间4次调查了内蒙古7个群体3 247例优势眼的分布特征。研究结果显示：（1）7个群体中右优势眼出现率约为70%～80%。呼和浩特回族、阿拉善蒙古族右优势眼出现率明显低于其他5个群体;（2）右优势眼出现率无性别间差异;（3）优势眼与惯用手这两个性状间存在一定的联系。 Abstract：　A survey on distribution of eye preference of 3247 cases among seven groups in Inner Mongolia were carried out from 1987 to 1991. The results showed that：（1）The right-eye preference showed a frequency of 70%～80% in seven groups. The Hui ethinc group of Huhhot city and Mongols of Alashan League had a obviously lower frequency of this trait than the other five groups.（2）The frequency of this trait showed no sexual signi-ficant difference.（3）There were cor-relations between the eye preference and handedness.     

Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against adenylate kinase

Six hybridoma cell lines that can continuously secrete monoclonal antibodies against adenylate kinase (AK) have been produced. The characteristics including the subclass and molecular weight of monoclonal antibodies manufactured by these strains are also determined. Further studies show that the two monoclonal antibodies McAb3D3 and McAMD8 bind easily with AK absorbed on microtitration plates, with affinity constants of 8.4 × 108 M-1 and 9.6 × 108 M-1, while their interactions to AK in solution are much weaker, with affinity constants of 7.0 × 104 M-1 and 3.9×106M-1, respectively. Thus, McAb3D3 and McAMD8 react preferentially to the immobilized AKs. Since pro-teins are often partially denatured when absorbed on microtitration plates, it is suggested that both McAb3D3 and McAMD8 are directed against non-native AK.     

广西侗、瑶、壮、汉族结合珠蛋白的遗传多态性

本文报道了广西侗族、瑶族、壮族和汉族共554例受检者的Hp表型分布和基因频率。经χ2检验,4个群体中Hp表型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡法则。比较4个群体间Hp基因频率,无显著性差异,但汉族Hp1-1表型频率(0.110)显著高于侗族(0.0156)。本研究检出2-1M、2-H、2-1Tran、1-H和2-1H aw等5种变异型。 Abstract:This article deals with the phenotypes and gene frequencies of haptoglobin from 554 subjects belonging to 4 different ethnics,Dong,Yao,Zhuang and Han in Guangxi.The distribution of Hp phenotype in 4 ethnic groups is in agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg law.The gene frequencies of haptoglobin were compared with each other and no evidence of difference among these 4 populations was found.The variants,including 2-1M,2-H,2-1Tran,1-H and 2-1Haw were discovered in the experiment.     

中国及荷兰人群vWF基因内含子40多态性分析

本文调查了中国汉族及荷兰高加索群体中人类vWF基因内含子40 nt 31/2 215～2 380 区域 HUMFA 31(C) 遗传多态性的基因频率及基因型频率分布。并对两群体之间的分布以拟然比方法进行比较。对9个等位基因片段测序的结果表明, 在nt 31/2 234～2 265区域也有变异存在。提示该座位当被测等位基因DNA片段长度相同时,仍可能存在遗传差异。 Abstract　The allele frequencies and phenotype distribution of humanvWFgene intron 40 in the region of nt 31/2 215～2 380 (HUMFA 31(C)) were investigated in the population of the Netherlands and China. The data between two populations were compared by likelihood ratio test. Nine alleles were sequenced and the polymorphism of region of nt 31/2 234～2 265 was revealed.     

海南黎、苗、汉族扣手、交叉臂和惯用手的研究

调查了海南居住较为集中的黎、苗、汉族(共3 207人)扣手、交叉臂、惯用手等人类左右不对称行为特征。结果显示：(1)扣手、交手臂、惯用手三型3个民族的出现率均为R>L型,惯用手的R型出现率远较其他两型高,呈高度显著性差异,(P<0.01)。(2)扣手、交叉臂出现率与性别无关。(3)惯用手R型出现率苗族女性明显高于男性,差异显著(P<0.05)。三民族总和出现率为89.06％,是国内外属最低的。(4)扣手与交叉臂、扣手与惯用手,交叉臂与惯用手之间均具有相当明显的相关性。 Abstract：It was investigated that three types of many general indexes of anthrotogical genetics,which include hand-clasping、arm-folding and handedness,just among Li,Miao and Han nationalities in Hainan.There were 3207 people investigated in total.The results showed as follows:(1)The frequency of hand?clasping,arm-folding and handedness is far higher than others(P<0.01).(2) It was proved that there was no signilicant difference between male and female in the frequency of either hand-clasping or arm-floding.(3)It was obvious that the frequency of type R handedness in female of Miao nationality was higher than in male.And the difference was much clear(P<0.05).The total frequency of handedness was about 89.06 percent,which was the lowest rate as far as we known.(4)There was correlation among handedness and hand?clasping,handedness and arm-folding andhand-clasping and arm-folding respectively.     

中国傣族、景颇族人群中与艾滋病相关的CCR5△32、CCR2b-64I、SDF1-3′A等位基因多态性分布

为了调查HIV-1感染相关的等位基因CCR5△32、CCR2b-64I、SDF1-3′A在我国云南省德宏州傣族景颇族人群中的频率和多态性分布,此课题以101例傣族和113例景颇族人群为研究对象,应用PCR、PCR-RFLP(聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性)分析方法进行检测,计算突变基因频率;并对其群体分布、性别分布进行统计学分析。结果表明,中国傣族景颇族人群中未发现CCR5△32等位基因突变;傣族CCR2b-64I、SDF1-3′A基因突变频率分别为0.2130和0.2030,景颇族CCR2b-64I和SDF1-3′A基因突变频率分别为0.1637和0.1770;与中国汉族人群相比较,傣族和景颇族中SDF1-3′A突变频率较低（P值分别为0.0322和0.0021）;两个民族的CCR2b-64I和SDF1-3′A等位基因群体分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,在性别之间分布无显著差异。中国傣族景颇族人群的CCR2b-64I等位基因的突变频率与汉族人相似,SDF1-3′A等位基因的突变频率比汉族人低,此两种突变基因在艾滋病发病过程中的影响值得进一步研究。由于未发现CCR5△32基因突变,中国傣族景颇族人群对HIV-1感染可能有较大的遗传易感性。 Abstract:The purpose of the work is to investigate the frequencies and polymorphisms of HIV-1 resistant CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles in Chinese Dai and Chingpaw populations.Whole blood samples from 101 Dai subjects and 113 Chingpaw were collected randomly and their genomic DNA were extracted with QIAgen Blood Kits.Allelic frequencies were identified by PCR-RFLP analysis.Allelic polymorphisms in Dai population or Chingpaw population and both sexes in the samples were analyzed by χ2 test.The frequencies of CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles in Dai population were 0.0000,0.2130,0.2030,respectively;The frequencies of CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles in Chingpaw population were 0.000,0.1637,0.1770,respectively.Distributions of the CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles among the both populations were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.No statistical difference was found in the allelic frequencies of both CCR2b-64I and SDF1-3′A between male and female individuals.The frequencies of CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I alleles in Chinese Dai and Chingpaw populations are similar to that in Chinese Han population,while the frequency of SDF1-3′A allele in Chinese Dai and Chingpaw populations are lower in contrast to that in Chinese Han population.The genotyping and polymorphism of CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles in Chinese Dai and Chingpaw populations of Yunnan Province are the first time studied in China.The significance of the three mutant alleles conferring genetic resistance to HIV-1 and AIDS progression remains to be clarified.     

中国傣族、景颇族人群中与艾滋病相关的CCR5△32、CCR2b-64I、SDF1-3′A等位基因多态性分布

为了调查HIV-1感染相关的等位基因CCR5△32、CCR2b-64I、SDF1-3′A在我国云南省德宏州傣族景颇族人群中的频率和多态性分布,此课题以101例傣族和113例景颇族人群为研究对象,应用PCR、PCR-RFLP(聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性)分析方法进行检测,计算突变基因频率;并对其群体分布、性别分布进行统计学分析。结果表明,中国傣族景颇族人群中未发现CCR5△32等位基因突变;傣族CCR2b-64I、SDF1-3′A基因突变频率分别为0.2130和0.2030,景颇族CCR2b-64I和SDF1-3′A基因突变频率分别为0.1637和0.1770;与中国汉族人群相比较,傣族和景颇族中SDF1-3′A突变频率较低（P值分别为0.0322和0.0021）;两个民族的CCR2b-64I和SDF1-3′A等位基因群体分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,在性别之间分布无显著差异。中国傣族景颇族人群的CCR2b-64I等位基因的突变频率与汉族人相似,SDF1-3′A等位基因的突变频率比汉族人低,此两种突变基因在艾滋病发病过程中的影响值得进一步研究。由于未发现CCR5△32基因突变,中国傣族景颇族人群对HIV-1感染可能有较大的遗传易感性。 Abstract:The purpose of the work is to investigate the frequencies and polymorphisms of HIV-1 resistant CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles in Chinese Dai and Chingpaw populations.Whole blood samples from 101 Dai subjects and 113 Chingpaw were collected randomly and their genomic DNA were extracted with QIAgen Blood Kits.Allelic frequencies were identified by PCR-RFLP analysis.Allelic polymorphisms in Dai population or Chingpaw population and both sexes in the samples were analyzed by χ2 test.The frequencies of CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles in Dai population were 0.0000,0.2130,0.2030,respectively;The frequencies of CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles in Chingpaw population were 0.000,0.1637,0.1770,respectively.Distributions of the CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles among the both populations were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.No statistical difference was found in the allelic frequencies of both CCR2b-64I and SDF1-3′A between male and female individuals.The frequencies of CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I alleles in Chinese Dai and Chingpaw populations are similar to that in Chinese Han population,while the frequency of SDF1-3′A allele in Chinese Dai and Chingpaw populations are lower in contrast to that in Chinese Han population.The genotyping and polymorphism of CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles in Chinese Dai and Chingpaw populations of Yunnan Province are the first time studied in China.The significance of the three mutant alleles conferring genetic resistance to HIV-1 and AIDS progression remains to be clarified.     

贵州地区汉族人群THO1、TPOX、CSF1PO基因座的遗传多态性

为了解贵州地区汉族群体中THO1、TPOX、CSF1PO基因座的遗传多态性,获得这3个基因座的群体遗传学数据和法医学相关数据。采自贵州地区汉族无关个体的110份EDTA抗凝血样用Chelex法提取DNA,应用PCR复合扩增技术扩增样本后,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分型。对3个STR基因座的等位基因频率进行了调查分析,并与其他汉族人群的等位基因频率进行了比较。在贵州汉族群体中,3个基因座的基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。3个STR基因座总个体识别率为0.9986,累积非父排除率为0.832。表明这3个基因座在法医学个体识别及亲子鉴定中是很有价值的遗传标记系统。 Abstract:To understand the genetic polymorphism at THO1,TPOX,CSF1PO STR loci for Han population in Guizhou Province,and construct a preliminary database,EDTA-blood specimens were collected from the 110 unrelated individuals in Han population from Guizhou.The DNA samples were extracted with Chelex method and amplified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.The PAGE was used to type the PCR products.The allele frequencies were compared with other Han populations.The genotype distributions of THO1,TPOX and CSF1PO were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.The combined PD and PE were 0.9986 and 0.832 respectively.All of the three loci in this study provide useful marker for forensic paternity test and individual identification.     

蜥蜴目同工酶表型效应与目内物种及种群间亲缘关系的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳技术和特异性的组织化学染色方法对分布于香港的Gekko chinensis、广东南澳岛和四川成都地区的Gekko subpalmatus 2个种群、以及香港和南澳岛的Hemidactylus bowringii 2个种群蜥蜴目动物肝脏、骨骼肌的乳酸脱氢酶 （LDH） 和酯酶 （EST ）进行电泳分析。研究结果表明：属内种间具有明显的酶谱差异,每个种都有其特征酶带,据酶谱排序结果可以将5个种群分为2个类群,其中Hemidactylus bowringii的2个种群为一类群,Gekko chinensis和Gekko subpalmatus的2个种群为另一类群。 Studies of the Phenotypic Character and Consanguinity of Isozymes in Species and Population HAN Ya-li1,XIAO Xiang1,JAMES Lazell2,LU Wen-hua2 1.Department of Biology,Science Institute,Shantou University,Santou,Guangdong Pvovince 515063,China; 2.Department of Herpetology,Museum of Comparative Zoology,Harvard University,Massachusetts 02138,U.S.A. Abstract:Using discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and histochemistry methods,lactate and esterase isozyme of three species and five popalation of Lacertiformes were analysed.The interspecific zymogramatic differences are obvious.Each species possesses its specific zymogram.According to the zymogramatic similarity among these species calculated with the method of polar ordination,they can be grouped into 2 categories.Gekko chinensis and the two population of Gekko subpalmatus fall into one category.The second category contains the two population of Hemidactylus bowringii.The congsanguinity of the species and popalation has been drawn from the results. Key words：isozyme; phenotype; Lacertiformes; consanguinity     

汉、回、蒙古族拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂及惯用手的研究

作者于1996年在内蒙古调查了汉、回、蒙古族5项人类遗传学经典指标(拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂、惯用手)。研究结果显示:(1)3个民族间拇指类型、扣手出现率存在显著性差异,交叉臂、惯用手出现率则无显著性差异,环食指长出现率蒙-汉、蒙-回间存在显著性差异;(2)拇指类型、扣手、惯用手出现率无性别间差异,环食指长出现率男女间存在显著性差异;(3)惯用手与扣手、惯用手与交叉臂间存在明显的相互关系,交叉臂与扣手之间则无关;(4)与国外人群比较,3个民族环指长出现率高,交叉臂R型出现率较高,扣手R型出现率较低,惯用手L型出现率高于印度的一些群体。 Abstract:Authors in vestigated 5 general indexes of anthrotogical genetics including pollical type,palmar digital formula,hand clasping,arm folding and handedness in Han,Hui and Mongol nationalities in 1996.The results showed as follows:(1)There were significant differences in the frequency of pollical type and hand clasping in 3 nationalities,but those of arm folding and handedness showed nosignificant difference and the frequencies of palmar digital formula between the Mongol and the Hui revealed significant difference.(2)There were no significant sexual difference in the frequency of pollical type,hand clasping and handedness while the long type (R) of ring finger revealed significant sexual difference.(3)There were obvious correlations between handedness and hand clasping,handedness and arm folding but no relation between arm folding and hand clasping.(4)In comparison with foreign ethnic groups,the 3 nationalities showed higher frequencies of long type (R) of ring finger and right-arm folding but the frequence right-hand clasping revealed slightly lower.The findings showed higher frequence of Left-Handedness than that of Indian population.     

汉、回、蒙古族拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂及惯用手的研究

作者于1996年在内蒙古调查了汉、回、蒙古族5项人类遗传学经典指标(拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂、惯用手)。研究结果显示:(1)3个民族间拇指类型、扣手出现率存在显著性差异,交叉臂、惯用手出现率则无显著性差异,环食指长出现率蒙-汉、蒙-回间存在显著性差异;(2)拇指类型、扣手、惯用手出现率无性别间差异,环食指长出现率男女间存在显著性差异;(3)惯用手与扣手、惯用手与交叉臂间存在明显的相互关系,交叉臂与扣手之间则无关;(4)与国外人群比较,3个民族环指长出现率高,交叉臂R型出现率较高,扣手R型出现率较低,惯用手L型出现率高于印度的一些群体。 Abstract:Authors in vestigated 5 general indexes of anthrotogical genetics including pollical type,palmar digital formula,hand clasping,arm folding and handedness in Han,Hui and Mongol nationalities in 1996.The results showed as follows:(1)There were significant differences in the frequency of pollical type and hand clasping in 3 nationalities,but those of arm folding and handedness showed nosignificant difference and the frequencies of palmar digital formula between the Mongol and the Hui revealed significant difference.(2)There were no significant sexual difference in the frequency of pollical type,hand clasping and handedness while the long type (R) of ring finger revealed significant sexual difference.(3)There were obvious correlations between handedness and hand clasping,handedness and arm folding but no relation between arm folding and hand clasping.(4)In comparison with foreign ethnic groups,the 3 nationalities showed higher frequencies of long type (R) of ring finger and right-arm folding but the frequence right-hand clasping revealed slightly lower.The findings showed higher frequence of Left-Handedness than that of Indian population.     

猪雌激素受体基因（ESR）点突变的PCR－SSCP检测

雌激素受体基因(ESR)是控制猪高产仔数的主效基因之一,具有明显的基因效应:BB型比AA型母猪胎总产仔数和产活仔数分别高出1.40～3.37和0.63～3.58头,是目前商品猪育种和生产中重点检测的主要基因之一。常规采用PCR－RFLPs方法区分该基因由点突变造成的3种不同的基因型。本研究建立1种基于PCR的SSCP(single－stranded conformation polymorphism)方法对猪ESR该位置的点突变进行检测,具有操作简便、灵敏度高和不需要酶切等优点,可以在育种实践中广泛应用。 Abstract:ESR is a major gene controlling litter size in swine.The sows of BB genotype produce 1.40～3.37 more piglets of the total number born and 1.07～2.40 piglets of the number born alive respectively comparing with those of AA genotype.ESR has been one of the widely detected genes in pig breeding and production.Usually the point mutation of ESR gene was detected by PCR-RFLP approach.The present study established a novel method based on PCR-SSCP,with the advantage of easy maniputation,high sensitivity and no necessity for restriction enzyme digestion.This method may be applied for commercial detection of the point mutation of ESR gene in swine breeding.     

不同地区库蚊复组群体的同工酶遗传多样性研究

采用水平切片淀粉凝胶电泳的方法,对分布于我国5省的8个库蚊复组（Culex pipiens complex）野生群体的遗传多样性进行研究,分析了4个酶系统7个基因座(ME、MDH-1、MDH-2、MDH-3、GPD、EST-2、EST-3)的酶谱资料。结果显示：（1）群体内存在不同程度的遗传变异（He为0.098～0.41）;（2）较低的基因流水平（Nm=0.64）使遗传漂变起主要作用,造成群体之间的遗传分化（Gst=0.303）,而总群体的遗传多样性相对富集于群体之内(Hs/Dst=2)。（3）库蚊群体的遗传结构属于距离隔离模式。（4）群体间的遗传一致性(或遗传距离)反映出群体间的遗传分化程度,也表明与地理位置存在对应关系。Abstract: Eight field populations of Culex pipiens complex collected from five provinces (Guangdong, Henan, Shandong, Beijing and Yunnan) in 2001 were used to study genetic diversity by starch gel electrophoresis. Data from seven loci (ME、MDH-1、MDH-2、MDH-3、GPD、EST-2、EST-3) of four isozymes were analyzed by software Biosys2.0 and FSTAT(Version 2.9.3). The results were as follows: (1) The values of He (from 0.098 to 0.41) indicated genetic variabilities of different degree in populations.(2)The low level of gene flow (Nm=0.64) could not prevent genetic drift to cause the gene differentiation between populations. The genetic diversity between populations attributed to the genetic diversity of total populations is small (Gst =0.303), and the great part is accumulated within populations (Hs/Dst=2). (3) The genetic structure of Culex pipiens complex population was the isolation-by-distance model. (4) The genetic identity (or genetic distance) revealed the scale of genetic differentiation between populations which related to the collection sites.     

广东少数民族Morquio综合征StuI位点的RFLP分析

研究广东少数民族群体GALNS基因StuI位点的遗传多态性以及该位点等位基因片段传递的规律,为今后的连锁分析打下基础。采用PCR-RFLP方法,对72例无血缘关系的健康广东少数民族个体的144条染色体和3个家系9位成员的18条染色体进行检测,然后用χ2检验进行统计学处理。等位基因片段D1的频率为0.70, D2为0.30,杂合率为29%,D1、D2的传递规律与理论上预计的完全符合。广东少数民族群体中StuI位点具有多态性,其基因频率（D1和D2）与国外高加索群体的有显著差别,与日本群体及中国南方汉族群体的则无显著差别;而杂合率与高加索群体及日本群体的均有显著差异,但与中国南方汉族群体的则无显著差异。 Abstract:To investigate the genetic polymorphism of the StuI site in the GALNS gene from a national minority population in Guangdong and to study the mode of transmission of alleles,PCR-RFLP was used to analyze 144 chromosomes from 72 Guangdong unrelated healthy national minority individuals,and the genotypes of members in three families.To compare the frequencies and heterzygosity between Guangdong national minority people and Caucasians,Japanese and Chinese Han people by using χ2 test.The frequency of allele D1(295bp) was 0.70,allele D2(138 plus 157 bp)0.30,the heterozygosity was 29%.The genotypes of each member of all families detected were completely agreement with the theorical assessment.The site of StuI in the GALNS gene from national minority population in Guangdong has polymorphism.There is significant difference between Guangdong national minority population and Caucasians in Western countries,but no significant difference was found between Guangdong national minority population and Japanese and Chinese Han population.In addition,there is significant difference between Guangdong national minority population and Caucasians and Japanese in the heterzygosity,but no significant difference between Guangdong national minority population and Chinese Han population.The transmission of alleles was completely in agreement with the Mendelian genetic law.     

波尔山羊杂交后代及其亲本随机扩增多态DNA研究

利用随机扩增多态DNA技术研究了波尔山羊、唐山奶山羊、青龙本地山羊以及波尔山羊与这两个山羊群体杂交后代共计128个山羊个体的随机扩增多态DNA。结果表明：（1）总群体平均遗传多样性指数（Hsp）为0.6974,群体遗传分化指数为0.9706,山羊群体间平均遗传距离指数（0.1314～0.2052）明显大于群体内的相应值（0.0582～0.1440）,上述结果说明,所研究山羊群体不仅具有较为丰富的遗传多样性,而且其核基因组遗传变异主要存在于群体间。（2）山羊群体间的分子聚类关系与各群体间的亲缘关系基本一致。 Abstract:The random amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD）of 128 individuals was studied,which were from Boer goat, Tangshan dairy goat,Qinglong native goat and their hybrids crossbred with Boer goat.The average index of genetic polymorphism for whole population（Hsp）and the index of genetic differentiation were 0.6974 and 0.9706,respectively.The average index of genetic distance between populations（0.1314～0.2052）was significantly higher than that within populations（0.0582～0.1440）.All of these indicated that the genetic polymorphism was not only abundant,but also the genetic variation was mainly existed between goat populations.The molecular dendrogram among goat populations was in accord with their genetic relationship.