PCR—单链构象多态性分析对p53基因点突变检测的研究进展

单链构象多态性（ＳＳＣＰ）对分析基因的突变是一种有效的手段,并具有其独特的优点。ＰＣＲ与ＳＳＣＰ结合后检测灵敏度更高,而在许多类型的肿瘤都存在有ｐ５３抑癌基因的突变,章综述了ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ分析技术检测ｐ５３基因突变的进展。     

PCR—SSCP检测肺癌细胞p53基因点突变

应用溴化乙锭（ＥＢ）染色的ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ技术对１０例非小细胞性肺癌组织标本ｐ５３基因外显子５￣８进行分析,其中１例在外显子５￣６;１例在外显子７;２例在外显子８发现异常电泳带。对１例经ＳＳＣＰ检测异常的ｐ５３基因进行核酸序列分析,发现第２８０位密码子ＡＣＡ,其编码的氨基酸由丝氨酸变成半胱氨酸。结果证实：非小细胞性肺癌与ｐ５３基因突变有关;ＥＢ法ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ技术是一种简便、可靠的点突变检测法。     

非同位素PCR－SSCP方法的初步临床应用

单链构象多态性检测法（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）是近年发展起来的一项检测人类基因组突变的新技术。然而,在该技术中需要使用放射性同位素标记的核苷酸或引物,从而限制了其广泛临床研究及诊断方面的应用。本文报告一种改进的ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ方法,该方法不用同位素标记引物,而直接在溴乙啶染色的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上显示ＳＳＣＰ。用该方法对５５例平滑肌肉瘤ｐ５３基因第７外显子突变的检测表明,３８％的瘤组织ＤＮＡ存在异常的ＳＳＣＰ。其中１０例有ＨａｅⅢ和ＭｓｐＩ酶切位点的突变（１８％）,１９例有突变型ｐ５３蛋白的过度表达（９例同时有异常ＳＳＣＰ改变）。而ｐ５３质粒ＤＮＡ,平滑肌瘤及Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病患者基因组ＤＮＡ无ｐ５３基因第７外显子扩增片段的异常ＳＳＣＰ改变。同时,还使用该方法对临床诊断的２０例Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病患者和８例健康对照进行了β－淀粉样蛋白前体基因第１６和１７外显子的扩增及分析,均未发现有异常ＳＳＣＰ改变及ＥｃｏＲＩ,ＢｃｌＩ酶切位点的突变。本研究结果提示,该非同位素ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ方法可靠、敏感、简便、快速,具有潜在的推广价值。     

LSSP－PCR—筛选基因突变的简易方法

ＬＳＳＰ－ＰＣＲ—筛选基因突变的简易方法张军，宋亮年（第二军医大学基础医学部病理生理学教研室，上海２００４３３）关键词ＬＳＳＰ－ＰＣＲ，基因突变最近，Ｐｅｎａ等报告了一种简便易行、检出率又很高的新型基因突变检测技术，称为低严格特异性单链引物ＰＣＲ（ｌ...     

应用PCR-SSCP快速鉴定结核分枝杆菌复合群

通过聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）－单链构象多态性（ＳＳＣＰ）技术分析结核分枝杆菌和非结核分枝杆菌临床株的１６ＳｒＤＮＡ基因。６０例临床标本中,２０例为阳性,与传统方法比较无差异。其中分型：１８例为结核分枝杆菌,２例为结核分枝杆菌和非结核分枝杆菌双重感染。２０例阴性标本中,ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ又检查出５例阳性。２０例对照标本中,３种传统方法与ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ法均检测为阴性。全部试验３ｄ报告结果。结核分枝杆菌复合群和卡介苗的图形相同以外,其它分枝杆菌的ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ电泳图谱均有差异。所以,应用ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ技术快速     

幽门螺杆菌的基因分型方法及其应用

近几年,有关幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）基因分型方法及其应用的研究取得了很大进展。基因分型方法包括：质粒分型、限制性内切酶分型（ＲＥＡ）、核糖分型、染色体ＤＮＡ脉冲场凝胶电泳（ＰＦＧＥ）分型、多聚酶链反应限制性内切酶消化（ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ）分型、任意引物ＰＣＲ（ＡＰ－ＰＣＲ）分型、ＰＣＲ单链构型多态性（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）分型和核苷酸序列分析等。基因分型方法广泛用于ＨＰ的研究,如基因图的构建、感染复发、耐药机     

人胃癌细胞系中P53抑癌基因变异的检测及其序列分析

Ｐ５３抑癌基因由于点突变,缺失或易位等方式而丧失活性是多种瘤发生发展的重要机理之一。本文应用聚合酶链式反应－－单链构锡多态性分析（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）方法,对四种人胃癌细胞系ＭＧＣ８０３,ＢＧＣ８２３,ＧＣ７９０１和ＰＡＭＣ－８２中Ｐ５３基因的第５、６、７、８四个外显子进行检测,结果发现,ＰＡＭＣ－８２的第５第第８外显子,ＧＣ７９０１的第６外显子存在突变,ＰＣＲ－直接测序证明,它们分别在１７４位、２     

球形幽门螺杆菌分子生物学研究

为研究幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）球形变异本质,作者通过延期培养和采用亚抑菌浓度抗生素,使３株ＨＰ发生球形变异,对弯曲形和球形ＨＰ作了ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ、免疫印迹及４个毒力基因片段ＰＣＲ和ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ分析。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ图谱显示球形ＨＰ分子量在７４×１０４以上的蛋白含量减少,免疫印迹显示球形ＨＰ１２５×１０４蛋白条带反应减弱,而抗生素诱变的球形ＨＰ分子量为１１×１０４和６３×１０４的蛋白条带反应增强。ＰＣＲ及ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ结果表明球形ＨＰ的ｈｐａＡ,ＶａｃＡ,ＣａｇＡ和ＵｒｅＡ４个毒力基因片段未发生缺失,但在ｈｐａＡ或ＶａｃＡ基因中存在点突变     

PCR－SSCP技术在基因点突变检测中的几种策略

ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ技术在基因点突变检测中的几种策略王吉伟,罗赛群（湖南医科大学分子生物学研究中心,长沙４１００７８）关键词ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ,点突变检测基因点突变的检测对于分子种群生物学的研究、遗传性疾病预测及分子水平的临床诊断等颇具实用价值。在众多的测...     

高分化及低分化鼻咽癌细胞株中Epstein－Barr病毒潜伏感染膜蛋白（LMP1）基因的原位杂交与克隆及序列分析

应用染色体原位杂交、ＰＣＲ扩增、克隆及核苷酸序列分析等方法,分析了ＣＮＥ１和ＣＮＥ３细胞株中的潜伏感染膜蛋白（ＬＭＰ１）基因。ＣＮＥ１是来自我国东北的高分化鼻咽癌细胞株,ＣＮＥ３是来自广西的低分化鼻咽癌细胞株。染色体原位杂交结果表明,ＣＮＥ１细胞中ＬＭＰ１基因存在于细胞核内,整合在第一号染色体上,ＣＮＥ３中ＬＭＰ１基因则随机存在于细胞核内及多条染色体上。用ＰＣＲ方法分别从ＣＮＥ１及ＣＮＥ３中扩增得到了ＬＭＰ１基因片段（外显子３）,核苷酸序列分析证明,来自ＣＮＥ１的ＬＭＰ１与来自Ｂ９５－８细胞的ＬＭＰ１核苷酸序列同源性极高,达９９．５％,而ＣＮＥ３的ＬＭＰ１基因与Ｂ９５－８的ＬＭＰ１基因同源性为９３％。     

非同位素PCR－单链构象多态性技术的建立和应用

PCR-单链构象多态性技术(SSCP)问世以来,成为研究基因突变的工具.特别是在分子肿瘤学研究中,广泛应用于癌基因、抑癌基因突变的研究.常规PCR-SSCP采用同位素标记PCR产物,测序板电泳分离突变,在操作和费用上有种种局限,文章建立了一种非同位素PCR-SSCP技术:通过不对称PCR获得单链,普通PAGE分离,经银染检出突变.用这种方法,还研究了四株鼻咽癌细胞株CNE1,CNE2,HK1和SUNE1中肿瘤抑制基因p53基因突变.证实CNE1,CNE2在exon8,HK1在exon5有突变,并发现新建立的细胞株SUNE1在exon8有突变.     

PCR-SSCP技术在昆虫学研究中的应用

聚合酶链式反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)技术是一种简便、灵敏的突变检测方法。随着该技术的不断发展和完善,其应用也越来越广泛。尤其是近年来该技术在昆虫学研究中涉及了:基因突变位点的检测、昆虫分类鉴定、多样性分析及连锁图谱的构建等多个领域。文章综述PCR-SSCP技术的发现、原理、在昆虫学研究中的应用及其优点和不足之处。     

Detection of rifampin resistance patterns in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Iran by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism and direct sequencing methods

Mutations in the rpoB locus confer conformational changes leading to defective binding of rifampin (RIF) to rpoB and consequently resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was established as a rapid screening test for the detection of mutations in the rpoB gene, and direct sequencing has been unambiguously applied to characterize mutations. A total of 37 of Iranian isolates of M. tuberculosis, 16 sensitive and 21 resistant to RIF, were used in this study. A 193-bp region of the rpoB gene was amplified and PCR-SSCP patterns were determined by electrophoresis in 10% acrylamide gel and silver staining. Also, 21 samples of 193-bp rpoB amplicons with different PCR-SSCP patterns from RIFr and 10 from RIFs were sequenced. Seven distinguishable PCR-SSCP patterns were recognized in the 21 Iranian RIFr strains, while 15 out of 16 RIFs isolates demonstrated PCR-SSCP banding patterns similar to that of sensitive standard strain H37Rv. However one of the sensitive isolates demonstrated a different pattern. There were seen six different mutations in the amplified region of rpoB gene: codon 516(GAC/GTC), 523(GGG/GGT), 526(CAC/TAC), 531(TCG/TTG), 511(CTG/TTG), and 512(AGC/TCG). This study demonstrated the high specificity (93.8%) and sensitivity (95.2%) of PCR-SSCP method for detection of mutation in rpoB gene; 85.7% of RIFr strains showed a single mutation and 14.3% had no mutations. Three strains showed mutations caused polymorphism. Our data support the common notion that rifampin resistance genotypes are generally present mutations in codons 531 and 526, most frequently found in M. tuberculosis populations regardless of geographic origin.     

Genomic organization and mutational analysis of KVLQT1, a gene responsible for familial long QT syndrome

To elucidate the role of the KVLQT1 gene in the pathogenesis of long QT syndrome (LQTS), we have established a screening system for detecting KVLQT1 mutations by the polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism technique (PCR-SSCP). We first determined exon/intron boundaries and flanking intronic sequences, and found that the KVLQT1 gene consists of 17 coding exons. Subsequently, we synthesized oligonucleotide primers to cover the coding region and the flanking intronic sequences, and searched for mutations in 31 Japanese LQTS families. When genomic DNA from each proband was examined by PCR-SSCP followed by direct DNA sequencing, mutations were detected in five families; two independent families carried the same mutation and three of the four were novel. Each mutation was present in affected relatives of the respective proband. This work will enable us to search more thoroughly for LQTS mutations associated with KVLQT1, and eventually will help us in finding genotype/phenotype relationships. Received: 20 March 1998 / Accepted: 30 April 1998     

结核分枝杆菌katG基因突变的研究

探讨编码过氧化氢-过氧化物酶的katG基因突变与结核分枝杆菌异烟肼(INH)耐药性的相关关系。根据结核分枝杆菌GenBank中的katG序列,自行设计特异性寡聚核苷酸引物,采用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)分析和直接测序法(DS)分析结核分枝杆菌中katG基因突变情况。以HR37Rv标准株为对照。所有23株敏感菌均未有SSCP结果异常;35株耐药菌中,有2株(5．7％)katG基因扩增阴性,且发生在高度耐药菌中。进一步分析发现,SSCP法突变检出23株(65．7％),测序法突变检出24株(68．6％),符合率为95．8％(23／24)。参照测序法对耐药菌突变序列的分析结果,PCR—SSCP敏感、特异,可快速检测结核分枝杆菌katG耐药基因突变,有利于耐药结核分枝杆菌耐药性的快速检测。     

结核分枝杆菌rpoB基因突变的检测(简报)

结核病主要是由结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)引起的一种慢性传染性疾病。利福平是结核病化疗方案中一个关键性的药物,它在结核病的短程化疗中起着重要的作用。但是,在我国结核菌对利福平的耐药发生率呈上升局势,而通过传统的依赖生物生长的药敏试验方法进行结核菌对利福平耐药性检测所需时间较长(4-8周),不能满足临床早期开展有效化疗的需要,所以迫切需要建     

PCR-SSCP技术在微生物检测中的应用

聚合酶链式反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)是一种能够检测DNA突变的分子生物学分析技术,具有快速、简便、灵敏与适于大样本筛选的特点,近年来被广泛应用于生命科学领域的研究。对PCR-SSCP技术在微生物检测研究领域的应用和发展作简要的介绍。     

Detection of mutation of the p53 gene with high sensitivity by fluorescence-based PCR-SSCP analysis using low-pH buffer and an automated DNA sequencer in a large number of DNA samples

Detection of mutations in genes responsible for hereditary diseases or tumors is important clinically. It is necessary to establish a simple technique for screening mutations in large numbers of samples. The polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) method has proved to be a useful technique for analyzing mutations or DNA polymorphisms. Non-radioisotopic versions using fluorescent dye and an automated DNA sequencer have also been exploited to extend this technique into the clinical field. We have examined mutations of exons 5-9 of the p53 gene in 112 colorectal, 28 esophageal and 33 hepatocellular carcinomas by fluorescence-based PCR-SSCP (F-SSCP) under various conditions. We found 64 types of mutations in 63, 17 and 12 cases of colon, esophageal and hepatocellular carcinomas by F-SSCP. We determined the sequence of all samples, and confirmed that all mutations were successfully detected by F-SSCP. With the low-pH buffer system, 61 types of mutants were detected, while 51 types were detected by TBE and 57 types were detected by TBE with glycerol gel. The polyacrylamide gel in TME or TBE without glycerol was tough and could be used repeatedly, but the glycerol containing gel was fragile and could not stand repeated use. Thus, use of a low-pH buffer in the electrophoresis of F-SSCP is simpler and better at detecting mutations than the conventional TBE buffer system. We believe that low-pH F-SSCP analysis is an efficient and powerful technique for examination of a large number of samples, in particular clinical specimens obtained by biopsy or surgery.     

结核分枝杆菌耐链霉素和乙胺丁醇分子机制的研究

目的:研究结核分枝杆菌耐链霉素和乙胺丁醇的rpsL和emb B基因突变情况,探讨耐药基因突变与耐药性的关系。方法:通过传统药敏实验和聚合酶链反应(PCR)--单链构象多态性(SSCP)技术初步鉴定62株临床分离株的药敏和rps L、emb B基因。结果:与结核菌标准株H37Rv对照,分析30例TB菌耐链霉素(SM)的rps L基因,发现其突变率为70.0%(21/30),分析29例耐乙胺丁醇(EMB)的emb B基因,该基因的突变率为65.5%(19/29)。结论:部分结核分枝杆菌耐SM和EMB是由于其rps L、emb B基因突变所致,PCR-SSCP银染技术可能成为测定部分结核分枝杆菌耐药的简便、快速的方法。     

Characterization of rpoB mutations associated with rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis from eastern China

Aims:  The aim of this study was to investigate the features of rpoB gene mutations associated with Rifampin (RIF) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M. tuberculosis ) in eastern China.
Methods and Results:  The mutations of rpoB gene in 56 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis resisted to one to four first-line drugs (rifampin, isonicotinyl hydrazide, ethambutol and streptomycin) were analysed by polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (PCR-SSCP) and DNA sequencing. The results of PCR-SSCP showed 52 isolates were positive (existing rpoB mutation) including 47 isolates resisted to RIF. Subsequent results of DNA sequencing showed that 54 isolates had rpoB gene mutation including 49 isolates resisted to RIF. The most frequently mutated sites were at codons 526 (73·2%), 513 (10·7%) and 531 (3·5%).
Conclusions:  The rpoB codon 526 was the most frequently mutated site of RIF-resistant M. tuberculosis strains in eastern China and its frequency is significantly higher ( P  < 0·0001) compared with that in other areas of China and in other geographic regions worldwide.
Significance and Impact of the Study:  Our results reveal that geographic variation is responsible for rpoB mutations in M. tuberculosis and the resulting information will be helpful to improve a novel rapid molecular drug resistance screening approach for MDR TB.