丹皮多糖PSM2b体外对小鼠免疫细胞功能的影响

中药丹皮提取的丹皮多糖有效部位PSM2b在体外能直接促进小鼠脾细胞增殖,并能协同ConA诱导的脾细胞增殖作用,对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞亦有激活作用,可增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬中性红,诱导巨噬细胞合成一氧化氮。结论：PSM2b可增强T淋巴细胞功能,并对巨噬细胞具有激活作用。     

丹皮多糖PSM_(2b)体外对小鼠免疫细胞功能的影响

中药丹皮提取的丹皮多糖有效部位PSM2b在体外能直接促进小鼠脾细胞增殖 ,并能协同ConA诱导的脾细胞增殖作用。对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞亦有激活作用 ,可增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬中性红 ;诱导巨噬细胞合成一氧化氮。结论 :PSM2b可增强T淋巴细胞功能 ,并对巨噬细胞具有激活作用     

海胆黄多糖SEP对S180的体内抑制作用

研究海胆黄多糖SEP对S180肉瘤的抑制作用及初步机制。MTT法检测SEP对体外培养的S180细胞生长的抑制作用;建立小鼠S180肉瘤模型观察SEP抗肿瘤活性;检测SEP协同ConA/LPS刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖作用;同时,考察SEP对NK细胞和杀伤性T淋巴细胞(cytotoxic T lym-phocyte,CTL)活性的影响;碳粒廓清检测SEP对小鼠单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响。研究表明,海胆黄多糖SEP高中低剂量(16、8、4 mg/kg)显著抑制小鼠180实体瘤生长,增加小鼠脾指数和胸腺指数,协同ConA/LPS刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖,提高小鼠NK细胞和CTL活性,增强小鼠单核巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,通过免疫调节提高小鼠免疫功能达到抑制S180作用。     

异丙肾上腺素对小鼠腹膜巨噬细胞分泌及吞噬功能影响的研究

目的:研究异丙肾上腺素对脂多糖诱导BALB/C小鼠腹膜巨噬细胞分泌TNF-α,IL-10及吞噬功能的影响.方法:分别以10μM、100μM和300μM异丙肾上腺素加入BALB/C小鼠腹膜巨噬细胞培养液,2h后用脂多糖(LPS,10μg/mL)刺激,孵育6h后以ELISA法测定上清中TNF-α水平,24h后测定上清中IL-10的含量,并观察腹膜巨噬细胞时中性红吞噬能力的变化.结果:异丙肾上腺素使BALB/C小鼠腹膜巨噬细胞分泌TNF-α降低,IL-10分泌增加,增加巨噬细胞对中性红的吞噬能力.结论:异丙肾上腺素能调节巨噬细胞分泌功能及吞噬功能,使炎性因子分泌减少,抑炎因子分泌增多,增强巨噬细胞吞噬中性红的能力.     

雪灵芝粗多糖对小鼠免疫细胞增殖与功能的体外激活作用

为观察雪灵芝粗多糖(Arenaria kansuensis crude polysaccharide,AKCP)对体外培养的小鼠脾淋巴细胞、NK细胞和腹腔巨噬细胞增殖与功能的影响。以不同浓度AKCP作用于体外培养的上述细胞48 h,采用中性红吞噬实验及NO释放实验检测巨噬细胞功能,MTT法检测脾淋巴细胞增殖及NK细胞杀伤活性,流式细胞术检测脾淋巴细胞CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+亚群,ELISA法检测脾细胞培养上清中IL-2和IFN-γ水平。结果显示,AKCP各浓度组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬活性和NO释放量、脾淋巴细胞刺激指数及培养上清中IFN-γ水平、NK细胞杀伤活性均高于空白对照组(P0.05);AKCP中浓度组脾淋巴细胞CD3~+、CD4~+亚群及培养上清中IL-2水平也明显升高(P0.05)。提示AKCP对小鼠免疫细胞的增殖与功能具有体外激活作用。     

纳米山药多糖对大鼠免疫器官及巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响

摘要：目的 研究纳米山药多糖合生元结肠靶向调节剂对大鼠免疫器官功能及巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响。方法 以i.g盐酸林可霉素造成肠炎模型,将大鼠随机分成正常对照组,阳性对照组,纳米山药多糖组和模型组。测定胸腺和脾指数,中性红法测定巨噬细胞吞噬功能,MTT法测定T淋巴细胞增殖,ELISA法测定脾淋巴细胞IL-2和IFN-γ含量。结果 与模型组相比,纳米山药多糖组显著提高免疫器官指数,腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力,脾淋巴细胞增殖能力和IL-2和IFN-γ含量（P<0.05),且恢复到正常水平。结论 动物实验表明,纳米山药多糖结肠靶向微生态调节剂具有提高免疫器官指数、巨噬细胞吞噬功能、T淋巴细胞能力、IL-2和IFN-γ含量,是理想的中药微生态调节剂。     

马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文探讨马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。马齿苋采用水提醇沉法得到马齿苋多糖,分别以50、100、200mg／kg通过腹腔给药10d,观察马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用及对小鼠淋巴细胞转化功能、腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力、白介素-l（IL-1）和白介素-2（IL-2）生成量的影响。结果显示,马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠有明显的抑瘤作用,抑瘤率分别为16．92％、51．45％和64．96％。不同剂量马齿苋多糖与对照组相比可明显促进淋巴细胞的转化、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力,可有效的增加荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞的转化和腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力以及白介素-1（IL-1）和白介素-2（IL-2）的分泌。说明马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠具有显著的抗肿瘤作用,其作用机制与增强小鼠免疫作用有关。     

巨噬细胞的FC受体及其与吞噬功能的关系

本文用EA花环试验及体外吞噬实验检测了小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞(Macrophage,Mφ)的EA 花环率及吞噬功能,结果发现昆明小鼠比同龄C_(57)BL/6、BALB/c及NIH小鼠Mφ的EA花环率高。在昆明及BALB/c小鼠中青年鼠的EA花环率又较老年鼠为高。用黄芪水,黄芪多糖及巯基乙醇酸钠处理后Mφ的EA花环率升高,用秋水仙碱及氢化可的松处理后Mφ的EA花环率降低。MφEA花环率的高低与Mφ吞噬功能的高低相平行。Mφ对抗体包被的CRBC的吞噬能力比对CRBC的吞噬为高,吞噬效应随抗体浓度而改变,表明FC受体介导的吞噬作用大于非特异性吞噬作用。MφFC受体的数目及其功能与Mφ的激活状态及机体的免疫功能状态密切相关。     

红毛五加多糖不同组分对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞免疫功能的研究

本文研究红毛五加多糖不同组分(AHP-I、AHP-II、AHP-III)对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞免疫调节功能的影响,为进一步阐明红毛五加多糖对小鼠免疫调节作用机制奠定基础。采用不同浓度的3种多糖组分作用于小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,测定其对巨噬细胞吞噬中性红、释放NO能力、分泌IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β水平的影响。最后结果是红毛五加多糖的3种不同组分对小鼠免疫细胞有不同的刺激能力。其中,AHP-II可极其显著地增强吞噬细胞的吞噬功能,促进其合成NO,促进巨噬细胞细胞因子的分泌。因此红毛五加多糖能激活小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,其中,AHP-II是最重要的作用组分。     

重组铜绿假单胞菌外毒素结构域Ia片段的佐剂功效研究

采用分子克隆技术,将铜绿假单胞菌PA103株编码的外毒素结构域Ia(Domain Ia)的基因重组于原核表达载体pET-42b( )上,构建了pET-EPA103蛋白表达载体。转化感受态大肠杆菌DE3。经IPTG诱导表达,初步纯化表达蛋白,用以免疫BALB／c纯系小鼠。制备小鼠脾淋巴细胞悬液,经刀豆素A(ConA)刺激后,用MTT比色法检测特异性淋巴细胞增殖反应。通过rEPA皮下注射BALB／c小鼠耳廓,诱导小鼠迟发型过敏反应(DTH)。采用特异性淋巴细胞增殖反应和DTH试验来检测pET-EPA103表达蛋白所引起的小鼠细胞免疫应答水平,淋巴细胞增殖情况与DTH均可间接反映细胞免疫应答水平,进而评价重组铜绿假单胞菌外毒素(rEPA)Domain Ia蛋白片段的佐剂功效。     

软骨多糖对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能影响的初步研究

目的研究软骨多糖对荷瘤小鼠的作用,并探讨其对免疫功能的影响。方法采用小鼠肉瘤S180细胞建立动物腹水瘤模型,然后随机将小鼠分为生理盐水对照组和软骨多糖给药组,连续腹腔注射生理盐水或软骨多糖,分别测量ConA和LPS刺激下小鼠脾细胞淋巴增殖情况、外周血NK细胞的活性,及外周血单个核细胞E花环形成率。结果软骨多糖能刺激淋巴细胞增殖,明显提高NK细胞的活性,提高E花环形成率。结论软骨多糖能通过增强S180荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能而抑制肿瘤的生长。     

紫菜多糖对免疫细胞及肿瘤细胞生长的影响（英文）

采用细胞培养技术测定从条斑紫菜中得到的多糖PY3对小鼠免疫细胞及人肿瘤细胞K562生长的影响。结果表明,PY3对小鼠骨髓细胞和脾脏淋巴细胞的增殖以及对混合淋巴细胞反应均有一定的促进作用。PY3对血癌细胞K562的生长有一定的抑制作用,研究表明多糖PY3不仅能够提高小鼠免疫细胞的功能,而且有一定的抗肿瘤作用。     

Cellular and metabolic requirements for induction of macrophage procoagulant activity by murine hepatitis virus strain 3 in vitro.

The cellular basis for the variation in induction of monocyte procoagulant activity (PCA) by murine hepatitis virus strain 3 (MHV-3) was examined using a set of recombinant inbred strains of mice derived from the resistant (A/J) and susceptible C57B1/6J (B) progenitors. Induction of PCA by MHV-3 required live virus and host protein and RNA synthesis. Absolute restriction for induction of PCA was observed at the level of the macrophage. Peritoneal macrophages from resistant parental A/J and RI strains (AXB5) could not be induced to express PCA when stimulated by MHV-3 alone or in the presence of lymphocytes from susceptible and H-2 compatible RI mice (AXB3) although they did respond to endotoxin (LPS). In contrast, macrophages from both susceptible (AXB3) and semisusceptible (AXB1) RI strains of mice expressed a similar increase in PCA after stimulation with MHV-3 in the absence of lymphocytes. The levels of PCA expressed by macrophages in the presence of Thy-1.2+ lymphocytes correlated with susceptibility to disease. Thy-1.2+ lymphocytes from susceptible RI AXB3 mice could induce levels of PCA in macrophages from semisusceptible RI AXB1 mice equivalent to that seen in cultures of macrophages and lymphocytes from susceptible mice. Further subfractionation of Thy-1.2+ cells demonstrated that L3T4+ cells instructed macrophages to produce PCA. Thy-1.2+ cells from MHV-3 immunized resistant AXB5 mice, but not from non-immunized mice, were able to suppress induction of PCA. This suppressor cell activity could be detected 4 days after immunization, reaching maximal activity at day 7 with significant suppression even at 28 days. The PCA was shown to have direct prothrombin cleaving activity (prothrombinase) by ELISA and immunofluorescence staining using the mAb 3D4.3. These results demonstrate that induction of a unique PCA (prothrombinase) is restricted at the level of the macrophage and define a regulatory role for T lymphocytes in its induction.     

活性氧对巨噬细胞呼吸爆发影响及云芝多糖的保护作用

用化学发光法观察到叔丁基氢过氧化物对培养的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞呼吸爆发有强烈的抑制作用。云芝多糖经腹腔注射后,能增强巨噬细胞呼吸爆发功能对叔丁基氢过氧化物损伤的抵抗力。云芝多糖处理的巨噬细胞谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶基础活力显著提高,在叔丁基氢过氧化物作用下,云芝多糖处理的巨噬细胞仍有较高的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力。说明巨噬细胞的免疫功能与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力有关,非特异性免疫多糖可提高细胞抗氧化能力,减轻活性氧损伤作用。     

松子壳多糖对小鼠主要免疫细胞功能的影响

目的探讨松子壳多糖（pine nut shell polysaccharide,PSP）对小鼠主要免疫细胞的影响。方法应用MTT法测定PSP对小鼠脾淋巴细胞的毒性和对ConA或LPS诱生小鼠脾T、B淋巴细胞的转化,用中性红吞噬试验测定腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,应用乳酸脱氢酶释放法测定NK细胞的杀伤活性。结果 PSP对脾细胞毒性很低,各种浓度对小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖均有较强的促进作用（P〈0.01）;PSP在浓度50～300μg/mL时,明显促进T淋巴细胞的转化（P〈0.01）,但是当浓度达到300μg/mL时表现出一定的抑制作用（P〉0.05）;PSP在25～200μg/mL时显著促进了小鼠脾B淋巴细胞的转化（P〈0.05）,但是当浓度达到300μg/mL时,抑制作用极显著（P〈0.01）;不同浓度均可以增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬中性红的能力及其代谢功能,当浓度在100μg/mL时能显著的促进巨噬细胞吞噬中性红的能力（P〈0.01）;PSP在浓度100～300μg/mL时,能极显著的促进NK细胞对Yac-1的杀伤作用（P〈0.01）,当浓度达到400μg/mL,对NK细胞杀伤性的促进作用开始减弱。结论 PSP对小鼠脾淋巴细胞的毒性较低,能增强免疫细胞活性,有望成为新一代免疫调节剂。     

Changes in the ascorbic acid levels of peritoneal lymphocytes and macrophages of mice with endotoxin-induced oxidative stress.

Ascorbic acid (AA) is an important cytoplasmic antioxidant that mice synthesize in the liver, the intracellular levels of which decrease in an oxidative stress situation such as endotoxic shock. The present work deals with the changes in AA levels, that modulate the immune function, in the two main immune cells, namely macrophages and lymphocytes, from female BALB/c mice suffering endotoxic shock caused by intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 mg/kg). The intake by cells of this antioxidant present in vitro at different concentrations was also studied. The animals show an oxidative stress, standardized in previous studies, that causes mortality at 30 h after LPS injection. The cells were obtained from the peritoneum at 2, 4, 12 and 24 h after LPS or PBS (control) injections and were incubated without or with AA at 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM for 10, 30, 60, 120 or 180 min. The hepatic AA levels were also studied at 0, 2, 4, 12 and 24 h after LPS injection. The peritoneal cells obtained from animals injected with LPS showed increased AA levels in relation to the control cells at all times after LPS injection, with maximal effect at 12h. The AA levels decreased after this time, in agreement with changes in the AA hepatic levels. The increase was due to the AA of lymphocytes since macrophages showed a decrease in AA at different times after LPS injection. Both cells showed an increase in the intracellular levels of AA when this antioxidant was added in vitro. This takes place mainly at 30-60 min of incubation in cells from controls and at 10 min in cells from treated mice 12-24 h after LPS injection. The incorporation decreased at these times of endotoxic shock, a few hours before death. In all cases AA levels were higher in lymphocytes than in macrophages, and 1 mM was the most effective concentration. These results suggest that the immune cells need appropriate levels of antioxidants, such as AA, under oxidative stress conditions, and that while lymphocytes take and accumulate AA, macrophages use it.     

Changes in the ascorbic acid levels of peritoneal lymphocytes and macrophages of mice with endotoxin-induced oxidative stress

Ascorbic acid (AA) is an important cytoplasmic antioxidant that mice synthesize in the liver, the intracellular levels of which decrease in an oxidative stress situation such as endotoxic shock. The present work deals with the changes in AA levels, that modulate the immune function, in the two main immune cells, namely macrophages and lymphocytes, from female BALB/c mice suffering endotoxic shock caused by intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 mg/kg). The intake by cells of this antioxidant present in vitro at different concentrations was also studied. The animals show an oxidative stress, standardized in previous studies, that causes mortality at 30h after LPS injection. The cells were obtained from the peritoneum at 2, 4, 12 and 24h after LPS or PBS (control) injections and were incubated without or with AA at 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM for 10, 30, 60, 120 or 180 min. The hepatic AA levels were also studied at 0, 2, 4, 12 and 24h after LPS injection. The peritoneal cells obtained from animals injected with LPS showed increased AA levels in relation to the control cells at all times after LPS injection, with maximal effect at 12h. The AA levels decreased after this time, in agreement with changes in the AA hepatic levels. The increase was due to the AA of lymphocytes since macrophages showed a decrease in AA at different times after LPS injection. Both cells showed an increase in the intracellular levels of AA when this antioxidant was added in vitro. This takes place mainly at 30–60 min of incubation in cells from controls and at 10 min in cells from treated mice 12–24 h after LPS injection. The incorporation decreased at these times of endotoxic shock, a few hours before death. In all cases AA levels were higher in lymphocytes than in macrophages, and 1 mM was the most effective concentration. These results suggest that the immune cells need appropriate levels of antioxidants, such as AA, under oxidative stress conditions, and that while lymphocytes take and accumulate AA, macrophages use it.     

Schizophyllan (SPG)-treated macrophages and anti-tumor activities against syngeneic and allogeneic tumor cells

We tested anti-tumor activities of macrophages treated with a neutral polysaccharide, schizophyllan (SPG), against syngeneic and allogeneic tumor cell lines. SPG was a macrophage stimulant which was not mitogenic to lymphocytes. That made a sharp contrast with the data that Corynebacterium parvum, BCG, and muramyl dipeptide (MDF) were macrophage stimulants which had lymphocyte-activating properties. Treatment of SPG-treated PEC with Thy12 monoclonal antibody and guinea pig complement did not affect the capabilities of tumor-cell-growth suppression by the treated PEC. Thus, the effector cells were peritoneal adherent cells (macrophages morphologically) and effector-to-target contact seemed to be necessary for effective tumor-cell-growth inhibition, although contradictory data exist for this. Murine peritoneal adherent cells harvested 4 days after a single IP injection of SPG at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight of mouse showed the most prominent cytostatic and cytotoxic activities against syngeneic and allogeneic tumor cells. The distribution of anti-tumor activity in macrophages of various sizes followed the same pattern as macrophages treated with C. Parvum, i.e., larger macrophages showed more remarkable anti-tumor activity. Crude nonadherent peritoneal cells incubated with SPG at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml, 100 micrograms/ml, or 1 mg/ml did not secrete lymphokine that rendered macrophages cytotoxic, while ConA-treated nonadherent cells did so. Furthermore, spleen cells treated with SPG in vivo did not secrete macrophage-activating lymphokine in the presence of SPG. On the other hand, addition of 1 mg/ml of SPG-treated peritoneal adherent cells and bone-marrow-derived macrophages in vitro rendered them cytotoxic to a moderate degree. This implies that SPG may activate macrophages directly, allowing them to become cytotoxic in the peritoneal cavity. Lastly, SPG could induce production of II-1-like factor to a moderate degree. SPG, whose molecular structure is well elucidated, will provide us with a strong tool to analyze the mechanism of macrophage activation both in vitro and in vivo.     

蛋白质粉对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的探讨蛋白质粉对正常小鼠免疫调节作用。方法将BALB/c小鼠随机分为3批,每批分为4组,分别进行了小鼠免疫器官/体质量比值测定和小鼠碳廓清实验;绵羊红细胞诱导小鼠DTH、抗体生成细胞检测和血清凝血素测定（HC50）;ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化实验和乳酸锂脱氢酶法（LDH）测定NK细胞活性;小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验。结果10.00 g/kg剂量的蛋白质粉可增强绵羊红细胞诱导小鼠DTH能力（P〈0.05）,促进抗体生成细胞数的生成（P〈0.01）。3.33 g/kg和10.00 g/kg剂量组能促进ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化能力（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）和血清凝血素的生成（P〈0.05）;三个剂量组均能提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞能力（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;3.33 g/kg和10.00 g/kg剂量组能提高NK细胞活性（P〈0.05）;但对小鼠碳廓清能力和免疫器官/体重比值无明显影响。结论蛋白质粉对正常小鼠的细胞、体液免疫和单核-巨噬细胞功能和NK功能有促进作用,即具有增强免疫力功能。     

Investigation on the effect of peptides mixture from tumor cells inducing anti-tumor specific immune response

The peptides mixture was prepared from tumor cells by freezing-thawing cells, precipitation by heating, followed by acidification of the solution. The activation and proliferation of mouse splenocytes by HSP70-peptide complex, formed by the binding of HSP70 and peptides in vitro, were observed, so was the specific cytotoxicity of the proliferative lymphocytes to tumor cells. The phenotypes of the proliferative lymphocytes were analyzed by a flow cytometer. BALB/c mice inoculated with H22 hepatocarcinoma cells in peritoneal cavity or hind thigh were immunized by injection with HSP70-peptides complex to observe the inhibitory effect of the immunization on tumor and lifetime of tumor-bearing mice. On the other hand, blood samples were collected from the immunized mice to check the functions of liver and kidney. The results showed that the peptides mixture from tumor cells contained tumor-specific antigen peptides which could be presented by HSP70 to activate lymphocytes in vitro, the proliferative lymphocyt