杉木CCoAOMT蛋白的生物信息学分析与同源模建

利用生物信息学方法分析了杉木CCoAOMT蛋白的氨基酸组成、等电点、疏水／亲水区、二级结构等蛋白质性质,并同欧洲云杉、拟南芥和水稻的蛋白进行了对比,并用生物信息学软件对其空间结构进行了模拟,同时对模建结果进行了结构质量的分析与检测。结果表明：该蛋白共有255个氨基酸,等电点为5．56,二级结构中α螺旋占37．65％,β折叠片占19．61％,无规卷曲占42．75％。三维结构检测表明此模型的结构符合立体化学规则。     

蓖麻毒素A链突变体的设计和结构模建

蓖麻毒素Ａ链（ＲＴＡ）有抑制蛋白质合成的功能,可用作“生物导弹”的弹头,但其免疫原性较强。我们根据国外所做的ＲＴＡ连续突变的实验结果,以及ＰＤＢ库中ＲＴＡ及其同源蛋白的结构信息,设计了一个ＲＴＡ突变体,缺失的５个片段与功能及结构保守性关系较小。然后,我们用同源模建的方法对设计出的ＲＴＡ突变体进行三维结构模建,初步验证表明模型基本合理     

大豆PM34基因生物信息学预测及表达分析

以大豆叶片总RNA为模板,采用RT-PCR法从吉豆2号品种中克隆获得大豆种子成熟蛋白( PM34)基因序列,利用生物信息学方法对大豆PM34基因编码的蛋白进行预测。结果表明：该基因编码蛋白理论分子量为31.7 kDa,等电点为6.60,为亲水性蛋白;该蛋白中无跨膜结构;该蛋白中不存在信号肽。 PM34基因编码蛋白的二级结构中α螺旋占12.97％,无规则卷曲占41.30％,β折叠占45.73％。 PM34基因编码蛋白的三级结构预测表明,同源模建的模板是3ijr.1.A,是一种短链脱氢酶/还原酶,与该蛋白的同源性为54.65％。在进化关系上,与绿豆、苜蓿的亲缘关系相对较近。采用实时定量PCR方法( qRT-PCR),检测大豆PM34基因在大豆各器官中的表达方式,结果表明该基因在大豆根、茎、叶、花中的表达活性低,而在种子中,尤其是成熟种子中的相对表达活性很高。该研究结果为大豆PM34基因结构和功能的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

蓖麻毒素A链突变体的设计和结构模建

蓖麻毒素Ａ链（ＲＴＡ）有抑制蛋白质合成的功能,可用作“生物导弹”的弹头,但其免疫原性较强。我们根据国外所做的ＲＴＡ连续突变的实验结果,以及ＰＤＢ库中ＲＴＡ及其同源蛋白的结构信息,设计了一个ＲＴＡ突变体,缺失的５个片段与功能及结构保守性关系较小。然后,我们用同源模建的方法对设计出的ＲＴＡ突变体进行三维结构模建,初步验证表明模型基本合理     

一株中性蛋白酶产生茵的筛选及产酶条件优化

从酒曲中筛选出一株高产蛋白酶的菌株,命名为OPY6,初步鉴定为假单胞菌Pseudomonassp．,经Plackett．BurmanDesign设计和Box．Behnken响应面设计对其产酶培养基做了优化,最优产酶条件为：葡萄糖2．83％,淀粉0．87％,酵母膏0．55％,氯化钙0．001％,氯化钠0．5％,黄豆粉1％,初始pH=7．0,在最佳培养基添加量下蛋白酶活提高到134．718U／mL;又对该酶在水产蛋白降解过程中的酶解效果进行了评价。     

炭疽芽胞杆菌基因芯片探针文库的构建

为制备炭疽芽胞杆菌的基因芯片探针文库,以炭疽芽胞杆菌毒素质粒pX01和荚膜质粒pX02为原材料,用Sau3A I酶切pX01和pX02质粒DNA,Taq DNA聚合酶72℃补平加A,经AT克隆,PCR初步鉴定筛选出炭疽质粒片段的阳性克隆．DNA自动分析仪对克隆片段进行序列测定;用生物信息学方法对其片段进行同源性分析;并将克隆的探针打印于玻片上,制备成炭疽芽胞杆茵基因芯片,与炭疽杆茵质粒DNA样品进行初步芯片杂交的实验,杂交实验的阳性率达到了90％以上,证明大部分克隆探针属于炭疽芽胞杆菌．炭疽芽胞杆菌基因芯片探针文库的构建为基因芯片探针的制备摸索出一条简便、高效、可行的方法．     

凡纳滨对虾虾头内源性蛋白酶同源性分析

以凡纳滨对虾 (Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp) 虾头为原料,采用Q- Sepharose F F和Sephadex G-150对虾头内源碱性蛋白酶进行了纯化,通过SDS-PAGE测定分子量为79.95 kD|采用DEAE-Sepharose F.F和Sephadex G-100对内源酸性蛋白酶进行了纯化,通过SDS-PAGE测定分子量为27.45 kD. 利用HPLC-ESI-MS/MS对虾头内源碱性和酸性蛋白酶同源性进行了初步分析,将检测到内源性蛋白酶的部分氨基酸序列分别与不同物种的胰蛋白酶和胃蛋白酶氨基酸序列于Vector NTI suite 8.0软件上进行序列比对. 结果表明,内源性碱性蛋白酶与猪胰蛋白酶具有很高的同源性,均含有氨基酸序列LSSPATLNSRVATVSLPR|内源性酸性蛋白酶与非洲蟾蜍胃亚蛋白酶具有很高的同源性,均含有氨基酸序列EFGLSETEPGTNF.     

云南植物上冰核活性细菌鉴定

从云南植物上分离到９２株冰核活性细菌,并进行了鉴定。其中菠萝欧文氏菌６１株,占６６．３％;草生欧文氏菌２株,占２．２％;丁香假单胞菌２１株,占２２．８％;黄瓜角斑病菌２株,占２．２％;菜豆荚斑假单胞菌６株,占６．５％。云南省冰核活性细菌的优势种类是菠萝欧文氏菌,其次是丁香假单胞菌类。     

响应面法优化黄绿蜜环菌子实体蛋白酶解条件

黄绿蜜环菌（Armillaria luteo—virens Sacc）子实体中蛋白含量很高,采用酶水解黄绿蜜环菌子实体蛋白的方法是生产具有生物学功能特性的活性肽的有效途径。实验采用酸性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶水解黄绿蜜环菌子实体蛋白制备生物活性肽。实验中确定了酶解前处理条件,即最适宜的酶制剂为中性蛋白酶。酶解条件的优化采用中心组合响应面分析法：建立数学模型回归分析,模型评价,最后进行验证实验。结果表明：底物浓度为7．6％、加酶量为1．6％、酶解温度为52％、酶解时间为6．4h,此条件下蛋白水解度最高。     

肝细胞生长因子Kringle的三维结构模建及与功能的关系

利用同源模建的方法模拟得到了肝细胞生长因子4个Kringle域的三维结构。结果表明,HGFKringle与纤溶酶原Kringle的氨基酸序列具有较高的同源性,其功能区附近的序列比较保守。HGF的Kringlel和3与其它具有Lys结合功能的Kringle相比,功能区的残基发生了变化,可能丧失了结合Lys的功能,而2和4仍具有一定的该功能。根据Kringle 1的模建结构,推测该Kringle功能区的结构为一个通道,该通道的底部和一侧有部分疏水残基,同时两侧还分布着少量酸性或碱性残基,该通道可能具有结合特定肽链的功能,从而与Kringle 2一起实现HGF与受体结合的作用。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.