响应面法优化混合酶-超声波联合提取栀子黄色素工艺研究

以栀子为原料提取栀子黄色素,将混合酶-超声波技术相结合,对栀子黄色素进行了提取的研究。为了获得提取栀子黄色素最佳工艺条件,采用响应面法组合设计试验方法,建立了酶的用量、提取温度、提取时间之间关系。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为酶的用量4.33%,提取温度61.84℃,提取时间65.06 min,在此最佳提取条件下,栀子黄色素的吸光度为0.914。     

大孔树脂——溶剂萃取法精制高色价栀子黄色素的集成技术研究

以栀子为原料提取栀子黄色素,采用大孔吸附树脂--有机溶剂萃取相结合的集成技术,从栀子中分离纯化得到高色价的栀子黄色素.先采用大孔吸附树脂对栀子黄色素进行初步精制,以306型大孔吸附树脂为研究对象,探讨了大孔树脂对栀子黄色素的静态吸附率、吸附流速和洗脱剂浓度对吸附的影响,从而得到较为合适的工艺:吸附流速2.O mT/mi...     

从栀子细胞培养物中分离多糖最佳工艺条件的研究

对栀子细胞培养物多糖的提取、纯化条件进行优化研究,结果表明,提取的最佳工艺是８０℃下的碱性水中浸提２ｈ,加水量为５０倍,醇析用乙醇的浓度为７０％－８０％,蛋白质去除过程中氯仿／正丁醇（Ｖ／Ｖ）,样品／氯仿－正丁醇（Ｖ／Ｖ）分别为１：０．４和１：０．２４时,效果最好。     

基于正交实验法优化从栀子黄色素中制备藏红花酸的工艺

基于正交实验法,优化从栀子黄色素中提取制备藏红花酸的碱水解工艺,以期可以简单高效地获得高纯度藏红花酸。建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定藏红花酸含量,以藏红花酸的含量和得率为考察指标,采用正交实验法考察碱水解工艺中的料液比、NaOH浓度、水解温度和水解时间对产品中藏红花酸含量和得率的影响。确定栀子黄色素碱水解的最佳条件:料液比1∶6 g/mL、NaOH浓度3 mol/L、水解温度55℃、水解时间60 min。在该条件下制备获得的藏红花酸得率可达15.33%±1.25%;含量可达到97.24%±0.78%。优化后方法步骤简单易行,绿色无污染,一步制得高纯度藏红花酸,适用于工业化生产。     

蛹虫草黄色素提取工艺优化及其体外抗氧化研究

本研究为了得到蛹虫草黄色素最佳提取工艺,采用Box-Behnken方法,在单因素试验的基础上以黄色素的提取率为响应值,利用响应面设计对超声波辅助乙醇提取蛹虫草黄色素工艺进行优化,并对其体外抗氧化活性进行了研究。结果表明超声波辅助乙醇提取蛹虫草黄色素的最佳工艺条件为乙醇体积分数57.00%、液料比32.00:1、提取时间18.00min,在此条件下黄色素提取率达(1.976±0.017)mg/g。红外光谱和高效液相色谱的结果表明,该提取条件下获得的蛹虫草黄色素主要成分为cordyxanthin。蛹虫草黄色素DPPH自由基清除力IC₅₀为0.59mg/mL,在5mg/mL时,总抗氧化力高达0.587,在10mg/mL时,铁离子还原力高达1.488。     

栀子主要成分的提取工艺及药理研究进展

本文对栀子的产地、品种、主要化学成分及其药理活性做了系统的介绍,并对国内、外栀子的研究开发现状进行了对比,阐述了栀子中栀子黄色素和栀子甙等主要成分的生产工艺,为栀子的进一步深度利用开发提供参考。     

栀子黄色素的提制及应用研究

栀子黄色素是从栀子(Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis)植物的果实中,采用水浸提、醇沉淀的萃取工艺,经真空蒸发浓缩和喷雾干燥生产的安全性商、着色力强、色泽鲜艳、稳定性好、而且应用范围广、成本较低的天然黄色素,是食品工业上良好的着色剂。     

藏红花酸及藏红花酸二甲酯的制备与抗氧化性能研究

本文首先从栀子果中提取分离出栀子黄色素,栀子黄色素分别经过水解、酯交换反应得到藏红花酸和藏红花酸二甲酯。将产物分别经过重结晶处理,得到纯度为98.2%的藏红花酸和98.8%的藏红花酸二甲酯,其IR、UV、1HNMR均与文献报道一致。采用羟基自由基体系和超氧阴离子自由基体系对藏红花酸及藏红花酸二甲酯的体外抗氧化活性进行研究,并与BHT进行比较。结果表明,在试验质量浓度范围内,藏红花酸以及藏红花酸二甲酯的清除羟基自由基与超氧自由基的能力都明显强于BHT,为优秀的天然抗氧化剂。     

栀子蓝色素的发酵及分离纯化工艺的研究

以宇佐美曲霉AS3．758为发酵菌株、栀子黄废液为原料,以液态发酵方式生产栀子蓝色素,通过正交试验法优选栀子蓝色素的最佳工艺条件。结果为：培养温度为29％、发酵液pH为6．5、发酵培养时间为36h,发酵结束后经水解、过滤,滤液中加入谷氨酸钠,反应后得栀子蓝色素液,转化率达98．43％。色素液经D301离子交换树脂吸附,再用1.0mol／L盐酸洗脱,洗脱液经低温干燥得到的栀子蓝色素,色价E1cm ^1%（590nm）达55．6。     

紫外分光光度法测定栀子黄色素中栀子酚和栀子甙的含量

我国生产的栀子黄色素主要成份是藏花素(Ⅰ)和藏花酸(Ⅱ),但也还有一些其他成份,主要有栀子酚(Ⅲ)和栀子甙(Ⅳ)等。从着色的作用来看栀子酚和栀子甙也显黄色, (Ⅰ)R:龙胆二糖 (Ⅱ)R=H但色价较差,而且对人体的生理功能也完全不同。藏花素、藏花酸对人体的肝有治疗保健作     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.