表面活性剂对小麦吸收多环芳烃(PAHs)的影响

通过研究施加两表面活性剂（Ｔｗｅｅｎ８０和ＬＡＳ）后小麦对多环芳烃的吸收情况得出,含有过量菲、芘和苯并（ａ）芘营养液中生长的小麦ＰＡＨｓ含量受表面活性剂影响显著。在培养４０ｄ后,ＣＭＣ以上Ｔｗｅｅｎ８０使小麦根中菲、芘和苯并（ａ）芘含量下降,即促进了小麦茎叶中菲和芘的含量。ＣＭＣ和ＣＭＣ以下ＬＡＳ也使小麦中ＰＡＨｓ含量降低而茎叶中ＰＡＨｓ含量增加,但主要是ＬＡＳ对植物毒害作用结果,与表面活性剂胶束     

新疆风毛菊属二新种

新疆风毛菊属二新种沈观冕（中国科学院新疆生物土壤沙漠研究所乌鲁木齐８３００１１）ＴＷＯＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＳＡＵＳＳＵＲＥＡＤＣ．（ＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＡＥ）ＦＲＯＭＸＩＮＪＩＡＮＧ,ＣＨＩＮＡＳＨＥＮＫｕａｎＭｉａｎ（ＸｉｎｊｉａｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔ...     

盐生杜氏藻甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶的分离纯化及其特性的研究

利用ＰＥＧ分级,ＤＥＡＥ离子交换层析,ＢｌｕｅＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ拟亲和层析,ＭｏｎｏＱ离子交换层析等手段,分离纯化盐生杜氏藻（Ｄｕｎａｌｉｅｌａｓａｌｉｎａ（Ｄｕｎａｌ）Ｔｅｏｄ．）甘油三磷酸（Ｇ３Ｐ）脱氢酶（ＥＣ１．１．１．８）,得到比活为１２．６Ｕ／ｍｇ的电泳纯的酶,并对此酶的生化特性进行了研究。４％～２０％非变性聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳测得全酶分子量约为２７０ｋＤ,ＳＤＳＰＡＧＥ表明该酶只有一种分子量约为６５ｋＤ的亚基,据此推测该酶应为同四聚体。酶催化磷酸二羟丙酮（ＤＨＡＰ）还原的最适ｐＨ值为７．５,催化Ｇ３Ｐ脱氢的最适ｐＨ值为１０。该酶对４个底物还原型辅酶Ⅰ（ＮＡＤＨ）,二磷酸吡啶核苷酸（ＤＨＡＰ）,辅酶Ⅰ（ＮＡＤ）,Ｇ３Ｐ的表观Ｋｍ值分别为６３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,２７２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,１．５３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,６．５２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ。该酶在保存过程中易失活。ＮＡＤＨ能降低酶失活的速度,而ＮＡＤ则不然。低浓度ＮａＣｌ对酶略有保护作用,但高浓度ＮａＣｌ加快酶的失活,且浓度越高效应越明显。     

B.thuringiensis穿梭载体的构建及cry1C基因的表达

以ＵＣ１９为母体,克隆了Ｂｔ ｋｅｎ－Ａｇ（Ｂ。．ｔｈｒｕｉｎｇｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｕｂｓｐ．ｋｅｎｙａｅ Ａｇ）的复制起始区（～１．６ｋｂ）、ｐＵＣ４Ｋ的ａｐｈ１基因,构建成穿梭载体ｐＨＶ－１,ｐＨＶ－１在Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ中经１００个世代,质粒保持率在８０％以Ｂｔｉ ４Ｑ８（Ｂ．ｔｈｕｒｉｎｇｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｕｂｓｐ．ｉｓｒａｅｌｅｎｓｉｓ ４Ｑ８）中经４０个世代,质粒保持率在８０％以上,将Ｂ．ｌｉｃｈ     

HSP_(70)基因表达对高粱育性的影响(英文)

高粱细胞质雄性不育系３１９７Ａ（３Ａ）在常温条件下是不育的（Ｆｉｇｓ．１１＆２）,经热激（４５℃）诱导不同程度地恢复了育性（Ｆｉｇｓ．１３＆４）,为研究其不育机理提供了线索。热激２ｈ后,３Ａ中即可产生一类线粒体热激蛋白（ＨＳＰｓ）。其中,分子量为７０ｋＤ的ＨＳＰ７０含量最高,也最为稳定。不过,３Ａ中ＨＳＰｓ的稳定性弱于保持系３１９７Ｂ（３Ｂ）（Ｆｉｇ．２,Ｐａｎｅｌｓ１～４）。放线菌素Ｄ抑制ＨＳＰｓ的合成,而氯霉素无此作用（Ｆｉｇ．２,Ｐａｎｅｌｓ５＆６）,表明：ＨＳＰｓ是由核基因编码、在细胞质中合成、再跨膜转运到线粒体中的。３Ａ幼穗经热激后,线粒体的总蛋白量猛增了２．７倍（Ｆｉｇ．３）,达到３Ｂ的水平,育性亦变为可育的。Ｆｉｇ．４表明：ＨＳＰ７０反义链ｃＤＮＡ（Ｒ１）能进入到３Ｂ花药细胞中,并与靶ＲＮＡ（ＨＳＣ７０ｍＲＮＡ）结合,而对照、正义链ｃＤＮＡ（Ｄ）链无此反应。由此、再增加一个通用保守序列的反义链ｃＤＮＡ（Ｒ２）、共两个探针（Ｒ１、Ｒ２）,可以检测到：３Ａ在常温下没有能力合成ＨＳＣ７０ｍＲＮＡ（Ｆｉｇ．５）,而在热激条件下,转变为有能力（Ｆｉｇ．６）。启示：３Ａ在热激条件下由不育转变为可育     

产二十二碳六烯酸等多不饱和脂肪酸真菌的筛选

从土壤中筛选出一株产二十二碳六烯酸（ＤＨＡ）的丝状真菌,菌丝含油２１．２３％,ＤＨＡ占总脂肪酸２．５１％;同时含二十碳五烯酸（ＥＰＡ０,占总脂肪酸的０．４１％;不饱和脂肪占总脂肪酸的８０％。经鉴定为头孢霉属（Ｃｅｐｈａｌｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍ ｓｐ．）真菌。同时发现两株菌含ＥＰＡ,经鉴定为小克银汉霉（Ｃｕｎｎｉｎｇｈａｍｅｌｌａ ｓｐ．）和毛霉（Ｍｕｃｏｒ ｓｐ．）。在这几个属中发现ＤＨＡ和ＥＰＡ尚属首     

LAS对菲在土壤(柱)中的迁移影响

随着环境科学发展,人们对多环芳烃化合物(ＰＡＨｓ)的研究越来越多[1]。以往对ＰＡＨｓ的研究主要是研究其在大气、水体、底泥中的分布及其分布和污染源距离的关系,而对ＰＡＨｓ在土壤中的迁移转化规律研究的较少[1]。我们在“七五”攻关课题中,曾研究过有机污染物在土壤、水、植物和大气中的存在状况,发现ＰＡＨｓ之一的菲在环境中有较高的检出[2]。本课题从环境条件对ＰＡＨｓ迁移过程的影响入手,重点研究在有表面活性剂(ＬＡＳ)的条件下,菲在土壤中的迁移及其影响因素,为进一步研究其它有机污染物在土壤中的迁移规律及机理,丰富污染化学…     

国产多榔菊属两新种

国产多榔菊属两新种陈艺林（中国科学院植物研究所北京１０００９３）ＴＷＯＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＤＯＲＯＮＩＣＵＭＬＩＮＮ．（ＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＡＥ）ＦＲＯＭＣＨＩＮＡＣＨＥＮＹｉＬｉｎｇ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＢｏｔａｎｙ,ｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃ...     

小麦根质膜H^＋—ATPase的部分纯化

以小麦（ＴｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＬ．）根为材料,采用不连续蔗糖密度梯度离心法制备高纯度质膜微囊。质膜经ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ１００和ＫＣｌ处理后,再用Ｚｗｉｔｅｒｇｅｎｔ３１４增溶Ｈ＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ,最后用硫酸铵沉淀得到部分纯化的质膜Ｈ＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ。ＳＤＳＰＡＧＥ结果表明,经过上述步骤纯化,分子量为９４ｋＤ的膜蛋白组分得到富集;与质膜相比,其含量提高１５．７倍。部分纯化的质膜Ｈ＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ可以水解ＡＴＰ,受Ｋ＋刺激,并被Ｎ,Ｎ′ｄｉｃｙｃｌｏｈｅｘｙｌｃａｒｂｏｄｉｍｉｄｅ（ＤＣＣＤ）抑制;ＡＴＰ水解活力被Ｎａ３ＶＯ４抑制９５％,但不被ＮａＮ３、ＮａＮＯ３和Ｎａ２ＭｏＯ４抑制。     

黑曲霉产木聚糖酶发酵条件的研究

正交设计试验结果表明,黑曲霉（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓ ｎｉｇｅｒ ｍ１２）产木聚糖酶活力达７６．６０ｕ／ｍｌ,合适的产酶发酵条件如下,培养基（ｇ／Ｌ）：麸皮４０,尿素６．６７,ＫＨ２ＰＯ４ １．０,ＭｇＳＯ４．７Ｈ２Ｏ０．５,ＮａＣｌ０．３,Ｔｗｅｅｎ－８０ ３．０,ＣａＣＯ３ ２．０,２８℃,１２０ｒ／ｍｉｎ水浴振荡培养５．５ｄ。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.