酵母乙醇脱氢酶电极的研究

从面包酵母中筛选到一株乙醇脱氢酶活力高、杂酶干扰小的菌株。对该菌株进行扩增培养,在72h收获,用此酵母制成测定乙醇浓度的生物电极,该电极测量的线性范围为3．4×10^－5～2．04×10^－3mol/L,r=0．9996,响应时间小于2min,甲醇、叔丁醇、异成醇的干扰分别为1．2％、2.0％、34％,醋酸和葡萄糖不干扰。测定乙醇标准样品的相对标准偏差为1．6％（n=6）,测定白酒发酵样的相对标准偏差为3．1％（n＝6）。     

费氏链霉菌HTP6分批发酵动力学

对费氏链霉菌HTP6产新霉素的分批发酵动力学进行了研究, 并建立了动力学模型。对数生长期最大比生长速率μm为0.0866 h-1, 产物合成期最大合成速率qp为1.1867×10-4 g/(mL×h)。对实验数据与模型模拟值进行拟合检验, 表现出很好的适用性, 实验平均相对偏差小于5%。表明该动力学模型对费氏链霉菌产新霉素的发酵生产具有实际意义。     

草毡寒冻雏形土CO2释放特征

研究了植物生长季节海北高寒草甸生态系统高寒嵩草草甸覆被下草毡寒冻雏形土的 CO2 释放速率。其结果表明 :CO2 释放速率有明显的日变化和季节动态。日最大排放速率多出现在 1 4 :0 0～ 1 6:0 0时 ,最小排放速率在 6:0 0～ 8:0 0时。植物生长季日最大振幅为 797.75mg/m2·h,最小振幅 1 97.33mg/m2·h。CO2 排放白天大于夜晚。不同物候期 CO2 释放速率不同 ,其顺序为草盛期 >枯黄期 >返青期。生长季土壤 CO2 释放速率的范围是 4 41 .72 mg/m2 · h± 1 55.2 9mg/m2· h,最大日均值为 681 .0 6mg/m2 · h( 7月 1 6日 ) ,最低值 1 76.65mg/m2 · h ( 6月 1日 )。退化草地土壤 CO2 释放速率明显低于未退化草地 ,生长季平均日均值低 1 37.4 7mg/m2·h。相关分析表明 :土壤 CO2 排放速率与气温、地表温度、土壤5cm、1 0 cm、1 5cm、2 0 cm、30 cm地温均呈显著和极显著相关关系。温度是影响土壤 CO2 释放速率的主要因子。     

高等植物乙醇酸氧化酶与黄素单核苷酸的松弛结合

普查了 7个科 11种植物的乙醇酸氧化酶 (GO) ,发现其酶蛋白与黄素单核苷酸 (FMN)的结合均是松弛的 ;并据此特征找到了一种温和的制备完全脱FMNGO的新方法 ,酶液总活性回收可达 87.5 % ;外加FMN可使脱辅因子GO不同程度地恢复活性 ,恢复 5 0 %活性所需FMN的浓度为 8× 10 -7mol/L ,而当浓度大于 5× 10 -6mol/L时其复活作用达到 10 0 % ,表明两者间存在一个可逆的解离平衡。推测植物体内的FMN浓度可能是乙醇酸氧化酶活性的一个调节因子。     

HPLC法测定麻仁润肠丸大黄素、大黄酚的含量

采用KromacilC18(4 .6mm× 2 5 0mm ,5 μm)色谱柱 ,以甲醇 - 0 .1%磷酸溶液 (85∶15 )为流动相 ,流速为 1mL·min ,柱温为 30℃ ,检测波长为 2 5 4nm ,以外标法测定了麻仁润肠丸中大黄素、大黄酚的含量。大黄素在 8.992× 10 -3 ～ 116 .896× 10 -3 ,大黄酚在 2 1.376× 10 -3 ～ 2 77.85 8× 10 -3 范围内呈线性关系 ,其在制剂中的平均回收率 (n =6 )分别为 10 1.5 6 % (RSD =1.3% )、96 .78% (RSD =1.3% )。     

黑林1号杨(小黑杨×波兰15A)的组织培养与植株再生

1　植物名称　黑林 1号杨 [(Populussimonii×Populusnigra)×Populuseuramericanacv .1 5A]。2　材料类别　叶片。3　培养条件　 ( 1 )诱导愈伤组织培养基 :MS +6 BA 0 .3mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) +NAA 0 .0 7;( 2 )继代增殖培养基 :MS + 6 BA 0 .3+NAA 0 .0 5 ;( 3)抽茎培养基 :MS + 6 BA 0 .1 +NAA 0 .0 5 ;( 4 )生根培养基 :MS +IBA 0 .2。以上培养基均含 2 0 g·L- 1蔗糖、5 .2 g·L- 1 琼脂 ,pH为 6.2～ 6.4。培养温度为 ( 2 5± 2 )℃ ,光照时间 1 2h·d- 1 ,光照度 2 0 0 0lx。4　生长与分化情况4.1　无菌外植体的获得　…     

土茯苓中提取总黄酮的工艺研究

采用乙醇溶液提取土茯苓饮片中总黄酮,分析了乙醇浓度、温度、固液比、浸取时间对总黄酮提取率的影响。进行了单因素实验设计,得出优化实验条件：乙醇浓度50%,浸取温度80℃,固液比1:20,浸取时间3h,总黄酮提取率为75.8%。     

正交试验优化乙醇回流提取积雪草苷的工艺研究

为了优化积雪草中积雪草苷的提取工艺,本研究采用乙醇回流法,以积雪液草苷含量为研究指标,在单因素试验的基础上采用正交试验设计,考察乙醇浓度、液料比、粉碎粒度以及提取时间等因素对提取结果的影响。结果表明,积雪草苷的最佳提取工艺条件为:乙醇浓度70%、液料比10∶1、粉碎粒度140目、提取时间6h,该工艺条件下积雪草苷的提取含量达到8.32mg·g-1。     

温度和食物浓度对三品系萼花臂尾轮虫实验种群动态的影响

应用个体培养方法,研究了温度(20、25和30℃)和藻类食物浓度(1．5×10^6、3．0×10^6、6．0×10^6和9．0×10^6cells·ml^-1)对青岛、芜湖、广州三品系萼花臂尾轮虫种群动态的影响．结果表明,温度仅对轮虫的世代时间和种群内禀增长率有显著影响,而品系对所有生命表参数均无显著影响．轮虫种群的内禀增长率随培养温度的升高而增大,世代时间则随培养温度的升高而缩短．食物浓度仅对轮虫的生命期望值和平均寿命有显著影响,品系对轮虫的净生殖率、世代时间、生命期望值和平均寿命也有显著影响．三品系间,以广州品系轮虫的净生殖率、世代时间、生命期望值和平均寿命最大,芜湖品系最短．当食物浓度为3．0×10^6cells·ml^-1时,轮虫的生命期望值和平均寿命最长,9．0×10^6cells·ml^-1时最短．各品系轮虫的净生殖率、世代时间、总生殖率、生命期望值和平均寿命均随培养温度的升高而减小,广州品系的净生殖率除外．轮虫种群的内禀增长率和广州品系轮虫的总生殖率则随培养温度的升高而增大．青岛和广州品系轮虫的各生命表参数,均与食物浓度呈曲线相关,但芜湖品系仅世代时间、平均寿命和生命期望值随食物浓度的增大而缩短．     

落叶松幼苗过氧化氢酶动力学的初步研究

采用碘量法对4种落叶松幼苗的过氧化氢酶（CAT）动力学进行了研究。结果表明：在25℃、pH 7.0下,落叶松幼苗CAT活性为48.8～77.9 U·g^-1 FW;Km值为8.3×10-2～2.38×10^-1 mol·L^-1;Vmax为0.071～0.200 μmol·min^-1;CAT最适温度15～25℃,对温度的适应范围华北落叶松和兴安落叶松宽,长白落叶松和太白落叶松的窄;CAT最适pH值为7.0。太白落叶松对pH适应范围最窄,其可能是退化的物种。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.