Wild edible plants of the Sikkim Himalaya: Nutritive values of selected species

The wild edible plants form an important constituent of traditional diets in the Himalaya. In the Sikkim Himalaya a total of 190 species have been screened as edible species out of which nearly 47 species come to the market. The present paper deals with nutritive values of 27 most commonly consumed wild edible plants in the Sikkim Himalaya. Of 27 plant species that were analyzed for their nutritive values, 22 were edible for their fruits and five for leaves/shoots. Among different plant parts, generally higher nutrient concentration was recorded for leaves, followed by new shoots and fruits. For different species the crude fiber content ranged between 2.15–39.90%, and the total soluble salts between 4.66–21.0%, and the vitamin C content from 6-286 mg/100 g. The fat content was determined high in the fruits of Castanopsis species, Machilus edulis, and Cinnamomum species, while the protein content was highest in Hippophae rhamnoides, Cuc-umis melo, and Eleagnus latifolia. The total carbohydrate content ranged from 32-88% in the fruits of various wild edibles, the reducing sugar from 1.25–12.42%, total sugar from 2.10–25.09%, the lignin content varied from 9.05–39.51%, the hemicellulose between 25.63-55.71% and cellulose content varied from 9.57–33.19% in different species. Among the various mac-ronutrients estimated in the plant samples of different wild edible species, nitrogen was present in highest quantity, followed by potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and sodium. Mi-cronutrients, such as iron, zinc, magnesium, and copper contents were analyzed in different plant parts of various wild edible species. The iron content was higher in leaves and new shoots. The study shows that wild edible plants are good source of nutrient for rural population, and also well comparable with various commercial fruits. It is suggested that a few wild edible species need to be grown for commercial cultivation and adopted in the traditional agroforestry systems, which will lead to reduced pressure on them in natural forest stands as well as producing economic benefits for poor farmers.     

Wild edible plants of the Sikkim Himalaya: Marketing, value addition and implications for management

This paper presents data on marketing, value addition and management concerns of the wild edible plants of the Sikkim Himalaya. At least 23 weekly markets, locally called ‘ Hats ’, have been identified in the state, and three markets, viz. Gangtok, Namchi and Singtam, were studied in detail, for one year, with reference to the availability, quantity sold and retailers involved with the marketing of wild edible species. A total of 44 wild edible species have been recorded to be sold annually in the three markets. Among all the species,Spondias axillaris was sold in highest quantity and more retailers were involved in its business than for any other wild edible plant. Other important species wereMachilus edulis, Diplazium esculentum, Eleagnus latifolia,Dendrocalamus hamiltonii, Agaricus and Baccaurea sapida. The rural economics of wild edible plants is estimated to be some 140 tons per annum, and the prices for various species have increased over the years. At Gangtok, prices increased 3 to 6 times from 1981 to 1996–1997. Analysis of the field data showed that the wild edible plants were an important source of income to the plant dwellers and subsistence for farm families. Value addition was done to a few wild edible species, and cost-benefit analysis showed that the income from the fruits could be increased by at least 3–5 times after making pickles, squash and jam. It was recorded that plant dwellers have open access for the collection of these plant resources, which often leads to their over exploitation, and the local state government at present lacks policies and strategies for protecting and promoting wild edible plants in any of its programs. It is suggested that suitable conservation practices and policies need to be formulated to conserve these plants in the wild habitats within the state.     

Wild edible plants of the Sikkim Himalaya: Nutritive values of selected species

Wild edible plants form an important constituent of traditional diets in the Himalaya. In the Sikkim Himalaya a total of 190 species have been screened as edible species out of which nearly 47 species come to the market. The present paper deals with nutritive values of 27 most commonly consumed wild edible plants in the Sikkim Himalaya. Of 27 plant species that were analyzed for their nutritive values, 22 were edible for their fruits and five for leaves/shoots. Among different plant parts, generally higher nutrient concentration was recorded for leaves, followed by new shoots and fruits. For different species the crude fiber content ranged between 2.15–39.90%, and the total soluble salts between 4.66–21.00%, and the vitamin C content from 6–286 mg/100 g. The fat content was determined high in the fruits ofCastanopsis hystrix, Machilus edulis, andCinnamomum species, while the protein content was highest inHippophae rhamnoides, Cucumis melo, andEleagnus latifolia. The total carbohydrate content ranged from 32–88% in the fruits of various wild edibles, the reducing sugar from 1.25–12.42%, total sugar from 2.10–25.09%, the lignin content varied from 9.05–39.51%, the hemicellulose between 25.63–55.71% and cellulose content varied from 9.57–33.19% in different species. Among the various macronutrients estimated in the plant samples of different wild edible species, nitrogen was present in highest quantity, followed by potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and sodium. Micronutrients, such as iron, zinc, magnesium, and copper contents were analyzed in different plant parts of various wild edible species. The iron content was higher in leaves and new shoots. The nutritive values of certain wild edible species determined in this study are comparable with various commercial fruits. It is suggested that a few wild edible species need to be grown for commercial cultivation and adopted in the traditional agroforestry systems, which will lead to reduced pressure on them in natural forest stands as well as producing economic benefits for poor farmers.     

从高山到河谷:德钦藏药植物资源的多样性及利用研究

为探讨复杂生境条件下,藏药植物资源的多样性和利用现状,选取云南迪庆藏族自治州西北部澜沧江、金沙江河谷;梅里雪山、白马雪山山区和高寒山区展开了藏药植物资源调查.结果表明:该地区使用的藏药资源丰富,共调查到药用植物144种,隶属于63科,126属;资源利用方式以野生采集为主(64%),人工栽培为辅(25%已开展栽培,11%正试验栽培);部分资源存在资源枯竭问题(26%).统计分析表明:从河谷到山区、高寒山区,各海拔梯度的植物资源均有较多使用,但使用的资源类群不同;随海拔高度上升,植物资源易濒危,难栽培,栽培开展受恶劣环境的抑制,受资源枯竭推动,易形成先枯竭、后栽培的不合理开发模式;资源使用过度、植物种群恢复能力弱、采集伤害重是天然资源枯竭的相关因素.应针对上述问题,制定适合特殊生境条件下藏药资源特点的开发策略.     

云南普洱地区野生食药用菌及其持续利用

2002—2009年夏,对云南省普洱市澜沧县、景东县及其周边地区野生食用菌的物种多样性、用途或特性以及濒危等级进行了调查研究,共采集、鉴定标本593份,并对采于该区的214份馆藏标本进行了统计,野生食用菌共计35科61属134种(含变种、变型)。同时对该区市场上出售的野生贸易类群也进行了调查统计,有28科39属95种(含变种、变型)。迄今普洱共计有野生食用菌38科67属155种(含变种、变型),其中多孔菌科(Polyporaceae)所含种数最多,有17种,占总种数的10.97%;红菇科(Russulaceae)和牛肝菌科(Bo-letaceae)皆为16种,共占总种数的20.65%,灵芝菌科(Ganodermataceae)有11种,占总种数7.1%。在这些类群当中,木耳属(Auricularia)、牛肝菌属(Boletus)、乳菇属(Lactarius)、枝瑚菌属(Ramaria)、红菇属(Russula)、蚁巢菌属(Termitomyces)和革菌属(Thelephora)等属的42种真菌为普洱市场上最常见的野生贸易类群,约占云南优势野生贸易真菌总种数的52.5%。近年来,随着人们对野生食用菌消费需求的日益增长,导致其商业化采收规模急剧扩大,造成生存环境的破坏甚至丧失,从而使普洱野生食用菌,尤其是野生贸易类群的产量呈逐年下降趋势。因此,亟待采取行之有效的措施保护和管理这些珍贵的自然资源,以期达到持续利用之目的。     

从高山到河谷：德钦藏药植物资源的多样性及利用

为探讨复杂生境条件下,藏药植物资源的多样性和利用现状,选取云南迪庆藏族自治州西北部澜沧江、金沙江河谷;梅里雪山、白马雪山山区和高寒山区展开了藏药植物资源调查。结果表明：该地区使用的藏药资源丰富,共调查到药用植物144种,隶属于63科,126属;资源利用方式以野生采集为主（64%）,人工栽培为辅（25%已开展栽培,11%正试验栽培）;部分资源存在资源枯竭问题（26%）。统计分析表明：从河谷到山区、高寒山区,各海拔梯度的植物资源均有较多使用,但使用的资源类群不同;随海拔高度上升,植物资源易濒危,难栽培,栽培开展受恶劣环境的抑制,受资源枯竭推动,易形成先枯竭、后栽培的不合理开发模式;资源使用过度、植物种群恢复能力弱、采集伤害重是天然资源枯竭的相关因素。应针对上述问题,制定适合特殊生境条件下藏药资源特点的开发策略。     

Medicinal plants in peril due to climate change in the Himalaya

Climate change is causing many irreversible changes in the Himalayan ecosystems. In this study, an attempt was made to understand the ecological response of medicinal plant species to changing climate conditions in the Sikkim Himalaya, a part of the Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot. Maximum Entropy Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) approach was used to analyze the potential habitat distribution of 163 medicinal plant species in current and future climates (2050, 2070). An attempt was also made to identify the most suitable areas for conservation and test the effectiveness of the existing Protected Area (PA) network in conserving medicinal plant species in current and future climate scenarios through the Habitat Suitability and Overlap Analyses. SDM analyses revealed that the majority of the medicinal plant species are found in the tropical and sub-tropical regions in the Sikkim Himalaya (300–2000 m) at present. In future climates, however, most of the species are likely to show an upward and northward shift in their distributions. Maximum species-rich regions are likely to shift by 200 m and 400 m in 2050 and 2070, respectively. A total of 13–16% of medicinal plant species currently found in the region are likely to lose their existing potential habitats by 2050 and 2070. The results highlight that species that are restricted to specific localities and have a narrow elevational distribution are the most vulnerable species and likely to go extinct due to climate change in the Himalaya. Habitat suitability analyses indicated that elevations ranging from 860 to 2937 m serve as highly suitable habitats for medicinal plant species in Sikkim Himalaya. Consequently, these areas can be focused for conservation actions in order to mitigate the effect of climate change. The results of Overlap Analysis indicated that out of 8 PAs in Sikkim Himalaya, only 5 PAs are effective in the conservation of medicinal plant species in current and future climates. The boundaries of existing PAs need to be expanded in order to accommodate the upward shifts in the spatial distribution of species, especially in the case of those PAs that are located in the lower elevations or tropical regions. This study provides a novel integrated framework for use of ecological informatics in assessing the species vulnerability to climate change and planning conservation priorities.     

桂西壮族文化与植物多样性保护的关系

为深入了解壮族文化多样性与植物资源利用和保护的互动共存状况,采用资料查阅、访谈及实地调查等方法,对桂西壮族不同方面的文化习俗与植物资源利用的关系进行了分析。结果表明:桂西壮族在地域文化、色彩文化、饮食文化和民俗文化等方面均与植物关系密切。用植物命名的自然村有108个,涉及79属88种植物且多数种类具有经济用途;染色植物有17科21属22种,其中茜草科(Rubiaceae)、爵床科(Acanthaceae)和菊科(Asteraceae)种类相对较多;常见的食用野菜有13科31种,以菊科种类最多(12种),唇形科(Lamiaceae)和伞形科(Apiaceae)种类也占一定比例,且食用部位和食用方法多样。民歌中涉及的植物有260多种,多数种类是日常生活中常见的植物,其中包括野菜植物24种、野果植物11种、染料植物7种以及部分药用植物。研究结果显示:壮族文化中的地域文化、色彩文化、饮食文化、民俗文化以及植物崇拜和乡规民俗等对当地的植物资源保护有重要作用,但也受到多种因素的影响,据此提出了相关的植物资源保护和可持续发展对策。     

Comparison of wild edible plant diversity and foraging strategies in two aboriginal communities of northwestern Patagonia

We have compared edible plant richness, diversity and differential patterns of use in two Mapuche communities of Argentina. The populations of Rams and Cayulef are located in a herbaceous steppe, far from the temperate forests of northwestern Patagonia where their ancestors lived in the past. Ecological concepts and methods, such as diversity indices, niche breadth and optimal foraging theory have been used in this comparative study. Our results indicate that the diversity of wild plants used in Rams and Cayulef is associated with the variety of gathering environments they visit. When comparing diversity indices among the three environments within each community, in Cayulef we found the highest diversity indices for steppe species and the lowest for forest plants. In contrast, in Rams the niche breadth is similar in all environments, indicating an ample exploration and use of edible wild plants. Cost and benefit trade-offs seem to be considered in both communities when edible plants are collected. Nevertheless, we found that the people from Rams not only utilize a greater richness of wild plants than the Cayulef people, but also use more nutritious resources, spend more time traveling to the gathering sites and a longer handling time in preparing these edible plants. This study has quantitatively shown that the restricted access to Pehuen forest (Araucaria araucana) is the main factor which seems to limit wild plant diversity used in these Mapuche communities.     

宁夏野生食用植物资源的调查与信息数据库的建立

通过野外调查与室内工作相结合,对宁夏野生食用植物资源进行调查与统计,建立宁夏野生食用植物资源数据库,并提出了宁夏野生食用植物资源开发和利用存在的问题。结果初步调查到宁夏野生食用资源植物共计74科186属348种10类,其中饮料及野果类植物与野菜植物具有一定的开发潜力,应该在这些野生食用资源植物中进行进一步的筛选,最终主要集中于人工驯化与栽培上。此外针对宁夏野生食用植物资源开发和利用面临的问题,需加强对宁夏野生食用植物资源状况的调查,并进行深入的研究,在前面所做的基础研究上,筛选特色的野生食用资源植物进行合理的开发和利用,之后对筛选出的野生食用资源植物进行人工栽培等工作,在土地可持续利用的前提下,研究野生食用资源植物与其他栽培作物间作的模式,同时在发展过程中通过收集珍贵濒危野生植物资源植物的种质资源,而对其加以保护。     

湖南浏阳市大围山区高等植物类野菜资源特征及其开发利用

大围山区高等植物类野菜共有 63科 1 5 7属 2 1 8种 ,野菜的种类占全国总种数的 1 1 .96% ,所占的比例与其他地区相比 ,比豫南大别山、四湖地区、三峡库区、包头地区、商丘市的高 ,充分显示出大围山区野菜资源的丰富性 ;从大围山区野菜的科属组成来看 ,菊科、百合科、豆科、禾本科、蔷薇科、伞形科等 1 4个大科的种数占总种数的 63 .3 0 % ,悬钩子属、锥属、胡颓子属等 1 7个大属占总种数的 2 8.90 % ;从植物学类型看 ,草本类野菜最多 ,占 5 7.3 4% ,其次是灌木、乔木 ,分别占 1 6.97%、1 3 .76% ;从食用部位来看 ,大围山的野菜以叶菜类较多 ,占 61 .47% ,其次是根茎类、果实类 ,分别占 1 7.43 %、1 6.5 1 % ;从野菜植物的生境来看 ,以山坡、林地为生境的种类较多 ,分别占 5 4.5 9%、3 1 .65 % ,表明森林是野菜植物的资源库。根据以上特征和大围山区野菜的蕴藏量、开发利用价值、利用现状 ,提出了一些开发利用对策     

药用植物多样性特征分析——以陕北米脂县为例

为研究陕北米脂县野生药用植物资源现状及其分布规律,通过野外调查及查阅文献等方法,对该地区药用植物多样性及其特征进行研究。结果显示：（1）米脂县共有野生药用植物45科110属148种,其中裸子植物2科2属2种、被子植物43科108属146种,集中分布于单种科和寡种科及单种属内;（2）从生长型来看,草本植物最多,其次是乔木,灌木最少;（3）药用部位以全草类、根及根茎类最多,分别占药用植物总种数的52.03%和14.86%;（4）药用功效以清热和利水渗湿为主,分别占药用植物总数的23.65%和11.49%;（5）从药用植物属的分布类型来看,有13个分布区类型8个变型,区系成分复杂多样,温带性质明显。本研究表明米脂县药用植物资源多样性较高,生长型、药用部位、功效、区系成分丰富多样,明确了该地区野生药用植物资源的分布及生存现状,为加强资源的保护及开发利用提供了依据。     

惠州西湖风景名胜区维管植物资源与多样性研究

为了明确惠州西湖风景名胜区维管植物资源及多样性特征,该研究通过野外实地调查和文献查阅,统计惠州西湖风景名胜区维管植物种类构成及其科、属、种层面的具体组成,并分析其分布区类型、濒危物种、药用植物和水生植物状况。结果表明:(1)惠州西湖风景名胜区共有维管植物169科650属1 061种,其中被子植物种类最丰富,有145科613属1 002种,科、属、种数分别占总数的85.80%、94.30%、94.44%;裸子植物9科20属36种,科、属、种数分别占总数的5.33%、3.10%、3.39%;蕨类植物15科17属23种,科、属和种数分别占总数的8.88%、2.60%、2.17%。(2)惠州西湖风景名胜区植物资源的优势科明显,含10种及以上的科有29科653种,占总种数的61.55%,其中菊科最多(有63种),禾本科次之(有60种);研究区有单属、种的植物442种,表明单种或少数种的科在研究区维管植物中占大多数。(3)惠州西湖风景名胜区有种子植物154科,分属13个分布区类型,其中泛热带分布区类型有60科,所占的比例最高(55.56%),表明该区种子植物具有明显的热带特性,其种子植物区系以热带分布为主。(4)惠州西湖风景名胜区有珍稀濒危植物29种(其中国家保护植物26种),药用植物702种,水生植物150种。研究表明,惠州西湖风景名胜区维管植物资源种类丰富,多样性程度高,应特别加强植物资源的保护和利用以及生态景观的建设。     

The maintenance of wild edible plant gathering in a Mapuche community of patagonia

The Mapuche communities of Argentina and Chile have a vast knowledge of useful plants from temperate forests of Patagonia. However, present processes of transculturation and uprooting seem to have caused a decline in wild plant gathering. This is a case study of a Mapuche community that now lives far away from the forests that their ancestors inhabited. Nineteen families from the Rams Mapuche community (83% of the total population) were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire, with the aim of finding out which edible wild species are known and still used, and what factors, according to the people perception, have caused the decline. People mentioned a total of 49 edible wild plants including four types of resources: Araucaria araucana seeds, the fruits and roots of bushes and herbs, and leaves of edible weeds. Factors such as the difficulty access to forests which no longer belong to them, drought and soil deterioration from overgrazing were indicated by people acting negatively on the preservation of the knowledge of plants in the younger generations.     

南迦巴瓦峰地区野生有毒植物资源多样性

为了合理保护利用南峰地区野生有毒植物资源,通过野外实地调查、查阅相关文献书籍及标本,对该地区有毒植物的科属、生活型、毒性、有毒部位以及毒理作用进行分析。结果表明：南峰地区包括野生有毒植物242种,隶属于77科167属,其中优势科是天南星科（Araceae）、毛茛科（Ranunculaceae）、杜鹃花科（Ericaceae）、豆科（Fabaceae）和菊科（Compositae）;有毒草本植物共计138种,是占比最多的生活型;有毒部位中全株或全草有毒的最多,共有109种;在毒性方面,只有3种剧毒植物和5种大毒植物,小毒植物有50种,中毒植物最多,有184种;有毒蜜源植物有19种,以玄参科（Scrophulariaceae）和毛茛科占优势;毒理作用方面,大多是神经系统中毒。南峰地区有毒植物资源种类丰富,但目前对这些资源的利用较少,要加强有毒植物认识与保护,进行合理开发利用。     

西藏米林县珍稀濒危药用植物优先保护评价

通过设置样方和路线踏查,对米林县的野生药用植物资源进行调查,并利用多个指标定量计算各濒危植物的优先保护值,确定其珍稀濒危物种优先保护序列,对珍稀濒危药用植物的种类、药效和入药部位多样性进行了分析。结果表明:米林县共有药用保护植物37科72属97种,分别占药用植物总科数、总属数、总种数的48.05%、32.00%、30.70%。其中,被子植物有35科69属95种,裸子植物有2科2属2种。97种珍稀濒危药用植物中,处于Ⅰ级保护的药用植物有9科11属11种,处于Ⅱ级保护的药用植物有18科25属27种,处于Ⅲ级保护的药用植物有28科46属59种。从珍稀濒危药用植物的药效来看,清热功效和补虚功效的药用植物较多,分别有32种和20种,各占濒危药用植物总种数的32.99%、20.62%;从药用部位统计,根与根茎类和全草类的药用植物分别有34种和26种,占珍稀濒危药用植物总数比例较大,分别为35.05%、26.80%。该区评估的优先保护等级和濒危等级与保护植物名录有一定差异,桃儿七在本区的保护等级由Ⅲ级升为Ⅰ级,另外有7种植物的濒危程度在本区加强。基于调查和研究结果分析了米林县珍稀濒危药用植物的致濒原因,并就此提出了一些具体的保护建议和措施。     

香港瓮缸群岛野生植物资源调查研究

香港瓮缸群岛共有维管植物166种,隶属于69个科138个属,其中蕨类植物7科8属10种,裸子植物2科2属2种,被子植物60科128属154种。瓮缸群岛为香港著名离岛,植被生境无人为干扰,野生植物资源利用度较低,本文通过对瓮缸群岛的植被类型和野生植物资源进行统计分析,结果表明,该群岛可供利用的植物资源共10类,分别为：药用植物103种、观赏植物107种、食用植物21种、牧草及饲用植物23种、材用植物17种、油脂植物22种、芳香精油植物25种、纤维植物13种、鞣料植物11种、有毒植物26种等,都有很高的开发利用潜力,在此基础上提出相应的保育及开发利用建议,旨在更好地保护和合理利用该群岛的野生植物资源。     

北京昌平区景观复杂度和局地管理对苹果园传粉蜂多样性的影响

传粉蜂为作物生产和粮食安全提供重要的生态系统服务。随着农业经济的不断发展,土地利用强度加剧,大量自然或半自然生境已经转变为农业用地。景观均质化和集约化管理导致野生蜂多样性下降,从而威胁到农业可持续生产。本研究以北京市昌平区苹果园为对象,探究景观复杂度(半自然生境比例)、局地管理强度(地表开花植物多样性和土壤全氮)及其交互作用对传粉蜂多样性的影响。结果表明: 共捕获传粉蜂8642头,其中人工蜂5125头,野生蜂分属5科14属49种3517头。传粉蜂多样性对景观复杂度和局地管理强度响应的最优尺度在500 m。样点半径500 m范围内,总传粉蜂和野生蜂多度随周围半自然生境增加均呈显著上升趋势。景观复杂度与开花植物多样性的交互作用对总传粉蜂和野生蜂物种丰富度有显著影响。当景观复杂度较低时(≤29.9%),总传粉蜂和野生蜂物种丰富度与开花植物多样性呈显著正相关;而当景观复杂度较高时(>29.9%),总传粉蜂和野生蜂物种丰富度与开花植物多样性呈显著负相关。此外,人工蜂多度随果园内局地开花植物多样性和土壤全氮增加呈显著升高趋势。土壤全氮与开花植物多样性的交互作用对人工蜂多度有显著影响。当土壤全氮含量较低时(≤1.9 g·kg^-1),人工蜂多度与开花植物多样性呈显著正相关;而当土壤全氮含量较高时(>1.9 g·kg^-1),人工蜂多度与开花植物多样性呈显著负相关。农业景观中半自然生境比例的增加有利于提高野生蜂多度,而地表开花植物多样性可以促进传粉蜂多样性,但是受到景观尺度(半自然生境比例)和局地尺度(氮肥施用)的影响。因此,农业景观中野生蜂多样性的维持需要综合考虑多尺度因素来制定保护策略。尽可能保留更高比例的耕地仍然是生产的长期需求,而保持中等景观复杂度,增加地表开花植物多样性,减少氮肥施用量将是促进苹果园传粉蜂多样性的有效方式。     

The Investigation on Utilization of Wild Medicinal Plants in Dietary Culture of Quanzhou,Southern Fujian

An ethnobotanical survey on the medicinal plant species marketed in Quanzhou, southern Fujian, was conducted in order to document traditional medicinal knowledge and application of medicinal plants in dietary. In addition to literature review, data was obtained using ethnobotanical tools and methods, including personal interviews during field trips, collecting herbarium specimens, and species identification by cross referencing. The results showed that: 1) There are 148 wild medicinal species, belonging to 56 plant families and 117 genera present in Quanzhou, southern Fujian. Among them, 46 species are edible wild herbs, 37 species are medicinal plants, 38 species are used as tea substituting plants or herbal tea,22 species are wild fruits, 4 species are used as spices and 1 species is used to make bean jelly; 2) The plant families which comprise a major part of the pool are Compositae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Leguminosae, Rubiaceae, Liliaceae, Orchidaceae and Moraceae; 3) This study explored the utilization of the medicinal plants in Quanzhou area, and proposed methods to inherit the culture of using wild plants in dietary, as well as methods to conserve the edible medicinal wild plant resources.     

湘西州少数民族膳食结构中常见野生植物调查研究

湘西土家族苗族自治州位于武陵山区东部 ,属华中植物区系 ,植物资源十分丰富 ,对全州 8个县市的调研表明 ,野生食用植物是当地少数民族传统膳食结构中的重要组成成分。文章报导了常见野果、野菜等食物植物 42科 6 3属 83种及其利用价值、采集时令和食用方法 ,并就该地区野生食用植物资源的保护和开发提出了对策和措施。