“环境工程微生物学”课程的教学改革探索与实践

“环境工程微生物学”是环境科学专业的核心基础课程,如何在教学过程中以学生为中心,注重学生能力培养,是“环境工程微生物学”课程教学改革的重要环节。本文从与实践结合、教学与科研有机结合、构建课程思维导图、挖掘与融入“课程思政”元素等多样化教学方法进行理论教学的改进。实践证明,“环境工程微生物学”课程的教学改革激发了学生的学习兴趣,提高了学生对知识的应用及理解能力。     

应用型专业《微生物学实验》教学模式改革及实践

《微生物学实验》是生物、食品、农业、环保及制药类专业的必修基础课。该课程的开展对提高学生的动手能力和应用技术能力至关重要。但是,《微生物学实验》所采用的传统教学方法无法满足应用型技术人才的培养需求。本文在分析当前《微生物学实验》教学中存在的不足,结合生物工程专业的特点,有针对性地从《微生物学实验》课程的授课体系、实验顺序、师资队伍、数字课程建设以及考核方式等提出了相对应的改革思路和完善措施。该课程的改革充分发挥了专业基础课程在应用型人才培养中的作用,达到了提高学生动手能力和应用技术能力的目的,为解决当前应用型人才供需矛盾提供了有效路径。     

基于应用能力培养的微生物学教学内容优化

微生物学作为生物学科的重要组成部分,是诸多专业的专业基础课程,在不同层次、不同类型、不同专业的高校,其教学基本遵循相同或相似的注重课程理论体系的经典教学模式,该模式不利于普通地方院校本科生应用能力的培养。为此,笔者根据微生物学科研项目思路的构建程序和微生物学实际应用的关键操作技术,以实验项目选择和实验项目顺序调整为突破口,优化微生物学理论和实验教学内容,使两者相辅相成融为一体,以充分发挥专业基础课程在培养学生应用能力方面的作用。     

浅谈项目教学法在高职《微生物学》课程教学中的应用

《微生物学》是高职院校多个专业的一门基础课程。当前,该课程教学仍然以传统教学方式为主,不利于调动学生的学习自主性和积极性。把项目教学法引入《微生物学》课程教学,有利于学生生物学素质的培养和提高。就项目教学法在高职《微生物学》课程教学中的应用,本文作了浅谈。     

PBL+LBL教学模式在留学生医学微生物学教学中的实践

由于留学生的特殊性导致他们对传统教学模式的不适应,医学微生物学的课程特点使留学生学习掌握相关知识较困难,有必要探索好的教学方法,提高教学质量。我国传统的LBL教学模式和国际上流行的PBL教学模式各有优缺点,我们融合PBL和LBL的优点,互补其缺点,对留学生医学微生物学课程采取PBL+LBL教学模式,既发挥PBL教学法打破学科界限,容易调动学生学习积极性,注重培养学生自主学习和团结协作能力的特点,又结合LBL教学法传授知识系统、完整,培养学生基础理论扎实等优势。教学实践证明,PBL+LBL教学法运用于留学生医学微生物学教学,能激发留学生学习兴趣,在增强留学生对医学微生物学基础理论和基本技能掌握的同时,培养留学生知识整合的能力及创新思维的医学综合能力,提高教学质量。     

基于网络教学资源建设的微生物学课程内容设计与教学效果评价

利用网络教学开放平台,通过建设和丰富网络教学资源,建立了基于任务和目标导向的微生物学理论和实验课程教学模式,以及形成性学习评价及考核机制。通过理论和实验教学内容的有效融合,不仅节省了教学学时,而且可更好地培养学生独立思考和自主学习能力以及科研创新思维能力。微生物学课程改革问卷调查结果表明,学生对课堂满意度、实验课程满意度均达到90%以上;学生的学习效果、学习兴趣、分析问题与解决问题能力等方面均有明显提高。     

改革微生物学实验教学方法, 提高学生综合能力

为了使学生在微生物学实验课程中注重动手动脑能力的培养, 提高自身综合能力, 成为高素质的专业技术人才, 本文对微生物学实验教学中的教学进度、教材、学生能力的培养方式和考核方式等方面进行了探讨和改革。     

地方院校《环境工程微生物学》课程改革与实践

《环境工程微生物学》是环境工程专业的核心课程之一,为提高教学质量,以湖南文理学院环境工程专业为例,从明确课程定位、提升教师教学水平、提高学生兴趣以及加强实践教学几个方面进行了探讨。首先需明确该课程不同于普通的微生物学,教师在授课中应将微生物学相关理论知识与环境科学、环境工程领域实践相结合。其次,教师应通过多种方式提高自身教学水平。在授课中应注意通过合理使用教具、引入热点问题以及善于使用多媒体设备、提高学生课堂参与力度等方式来培养学生的学习兴趣。同时,在实践教学中也应注意促进学生对于环境工程微生物理论知识的理解和运用,提高动手能力和实验独操能力,以期达到更好的教学效果。     

密切联系实际，加强学生应用微生物技术能力的培养——高等农业院校植物生产类和资源环境类专业微生物学课程教学浅谈

《农业微生物学》既是高等农业院校植物生产类和资源环境类专业的专业基础课程,也是和应用微生物技术密切相关的课程。多年的教学实践表明,只有在教学中密切联系实际,强化学生应用微生物技术能力的培养,才能让学生既熟练掌握普通微生物学基础知识和基本技能,又能拓宽知识面,激发学生的学习兴趣。同时,根据人才培养方案、就业形势以及社会需求开设《实用微生物技术》和《食用菌生产》等选修课程,既满足学生对微生物实用技术学习的需要,也为生产企业培养了技术人员。     

食品工程类专业微生物学教学改革与实践

《微生物学》是食品科学类专业重要的专业基础课,课程组结合学校粮油食品学科传统特色专业,对食品微生物学教学内容、多媒体课件运用及实验教学等进行了改革。结果显示,改革后的课程教学组织方式有利于加强学生对理论知识的理解和应用,有利于提高学生的动手能力、创新能力和科学思维能力。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV