新时代人才培养需求下工科高校专业课教学创新与实践：以“环境工程微生物学”为例

“环境工程微生物学”是传统工科高校环境类专业的前置核心专业必修课程,为满足新时代下新的人才培养需求,我们教学团队聚焦课程教学中存在的四大痛点问题,通过教学内容、教学方法、评价方式、思政融入四大环节对“环境工程微生物学”课程教学进行教学改革。经多轮成果应用与迭代以及多方教学评价,结果表明该课程的教学改革显著提升了课程的教学质量。     

“环境工程微生物学”线上线下混合式教学的改革与实践

“环境工程微生物学”是环境工程专业的一门基础课程,但由于环境微生物学概念抽象、内容繁冗,大部分学生在课堂上注意力不集中,难以理解和应用生物氧化过程、微生物在环境工程中的作用等内容,教学效果较差。为提高学生的学习效果和教师的教学感受,基于超星泛雅网络教学平台,对环境工程微生物学的教学内容、教学方法、考核方式等进行线上线下混合式教学改革与实践。实践结果表明改革后的课程激发了学生内在学习的动力,使学生具有了自学和继续学习的能力,在知识、能力、素质这3个方面取得了成效,并有效提升了学生的专业能力和综合素质;同时,课程教师的教学方法、教学能力、教学感受以及信息技术均得到提升和改进,加强了课程创新实践,提升了环境工程类专业课程的教学质量。     

成果导向教育理念(OBE)下的环境工程微生物学课程教学改革与实践

环境工程微生物学是环境类专业的学科基础课,该课程对学生的知识架构以及应用技能的培养起到了重要支撑作用。为了实现该课程定位目标,达到课程的学习预期,我们将成果导向教育理念(Outcomes-based education,OBE)引入到环境工程微生物学课程教学改革实践中,提出在环境工程微生物学课程教学中实施逆向设计、正向实施的原则,即根据课程定位制定环境工程微生物学的预期学习产出,在预期学习产出的基础上优化教学过程,如对教学内容进行取舍,增强环境工程微生物学与其他课程的协调性,在教学实施中强化学生的主体地位,通过教学方法的改革促成预期学习产出,构建合理的学习评价体系。尽管将OBE理念引入到教学实施中取得了一些成效,但该体系的建设还有待于进一步完善。     

“环境工程微生物学”课程思政实践举措

课程思政在高校实现“三全育人”体系中发挥着重要的作用，是当前高校教学改革研究的热点之一。本文以环境工程专业“环境工程微生物学”课程为例，首先从课程思政元素发掘、提升教师课程思政能力、培养学生学习兴趣和重要保障等四方面对该课程思政开展具体实践；其次从提升学生课程思政理念、提高学生课程成绩及对全校课程思政的引领等方面展现课程思政的实践成效；最后结合教学实践对课程思政进行了讨论和展望。通过上述研究，以期为环境工程专业课程思政改革提供实践路径，为发挥专业课的育人机制提供参考。     

环境工程微生物学实践教学改革与实践

环境工程微生物学是环境工程专业的主干课程之一,也是其专业课程的前置课程。为了提高教学效果,在教学实践中,通过强化环境工程微生物学实践教学环节,在验证性实验的基础上,增设了综合性实验、生产实践性实验和研究性实验,并与课程实习、毕业论文相结合,不断改革和完善环境工程专业的环境工程微生物学实践教学体系,构建了环境工程微生物学"一体化实践教学体系"的教学模式。实践证明,这一体系能够激发学生的学习兴趣、动手能力、创新意识、分析问题和解决问题的能力。     

环境工程微生物学考核方式改革与实践

环境工程微生物学是环境工程专业的重要专业基础课,本文对环境工程微生物学考核方式改革进行探索,论述了教学改革的具体实施办法和课程改革成效。课程考核采用考试、课堂表现、作业、小组讨论和课程论文相结合的方式进行。通过考核,使学生变被动学习为主动学习,加强学生对知识的掌握;提高学生文献检索能力,使其关注学科前沿,具备基本的科研理念;培养学生团队合作意识;培养学生学以致用的能力。环境工程微生物学考核的实施贯穿整个课程的学习过程,取得了较好的教学效果。     

“质量工程”背景下的环境工程微生物学实验教学改革探索

传统的环境工程微生物学实验在教学内容方面多是一些操作性和验证性的实验,在教学手段上多采用灌输式被动教学,这些教学内容和教学方式极大的抑制了学生的自主创新能力。作者结合自己的教学改革实践,以培养学生的自主创新兴趣和能力为目标,对环境工程微生物学实验进行了一系列教学改革尝试,并取得了良好的结果。在总结教学改革实践的基础上,从优化实验教学内容和改进教学方法两个方面进行系统阐述。     

地方院校《环境工程微生物学》课程改革与实践

《环境工程微生物学》是环境工程专业的核心课程之一,为提高教学质量,以湖南文理学院环境工程专业为例,从明确课程定位、提升教师教学水平、提高学生兴趣以及加强实践教学几个方面进行了探讨。首先需明确该课程不同于普通的微生物学,教师在授课中应将微生物学相关理论知识与环境科学、环境工程领域实践相结合。其次,教师应通过多种方式提高自身教学水平。在授课中应注意通过合理使用教具、引入热点问题以及善于使用多媒体设备、提高学生课堂参与力度等方式来培养学生的学习兴趣。同时,在实践教学中也应注意促进学生对于环境工程微生物理论知识的理解和运用,提高动手能力和实验独操能力,以期达到更好的教学效果。     

德融课程盐溶于汤：微生物学课程思政的思考与实践

课程思政是以“课程”作为“思政”的载体,探索知识传授、能力培养与价值塑造三位融合的有效途径,当前高等教育已步入全面建设课程思政的新时期。微生物学专业面与应用范围均非常广泛,而且与人类社会发展、生产实践、日常生活都息息相关,蕴含着极为丰富的思政元素,是开展课程思政的优秀载体。我们微生物学教学团队一直以来秉承教书育人的教育理念,致力于微生物学创新教学改革,近年来又以此为基础进行了课程思政思考与实践。本文总结了“微生物学”开展课程思政的必要性、融入路径、教学评价、反思与持续改进等,以期为高等院校课程思政教学改革提供参考。     

“环境工程微生物学”面向深度学习的线上线下混合式教学与翻转课堂的探索与实践

线上线下混合式教学模式是线上和线下教学两者优势相结合的新型教学模式,可以满足“互联网+”时代和新时期高校本科教学改革的新需求。江南大学“环境工程微生物学”课程基于前期成功建设在线课程的基础上,连续3年实施了面向深度学习的线上线下混合式教学与翻转课堂的探索与实践。探索实践结果表明,该教学模式中课程内容重构、教学资源建设、多种教学方式融合和考核方式改革对培养学生自主学习、分析解决问题、团队合作、沟通交流能力和国际视野有积极作用,并取得了显著效果。本文也对该课程线上线下混合式教学和翻转课堂的探索与实践进行了总结和思考,为高校环境科学与工程类专业课程教学模式改革提供参考。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.