大熊猫父权认定的DNA指纹图分析

本文以大熊猫１４胎次,１９只幼子,２５只次雄兽个体的被毛、血液、精液、福尔马林固定的器官组织、粪和尿等为材料作了ＤＮＡ指纹检测。（１）同一大熊猫个体的被毛、血液、精液、固定组织及粪、尿检测,其ＤＮＡ指纹图完全一致。（２）大熊猫无论１雄配１雌,２雄配１雌、３雄配１雌,甚至４雄配１雌,受配雌兽所产任一子代个体的ＤＮＡ指纹图谱中,杂交谱带均分别来自父亲、母亲,以及父母双亲,没有新带出现,无误地认定了１９只幼子的真正父亲,排除了非父。（３）３只大熊猫雌兽的５个双胞胎,即１０只子代个体的ＤＮＡ指纹图谱,均具有个体特异性,表明为异卵双生,其中４个双生子为异卵异父双生,为大熊猫在一个发情期不一定同时排卵提供了佐证,亦为圈养雌兽发情高峰期用多只雄兽作多次配种或输精,能提高受孕产仔率提供了理论和应用依据。（４）ＤＮＡ指纹技术用于大熊猫的亲子鉴定,灵敏稳定,准确无误,为圈养大熊猫多雄配１雌,增加受配雌兽的受孕机会,提高产子率提供了鉴别手段,解除了多雄配１雌,其子代的父亲是谁的后顾之忧。（５）应用寡核苷酸探针ＬＺＦ－１作大熊猫亲子鉴定较ＪＨ１２．６探针更为适合     

生物素标记HBV RNA探针的制备及应用

本文首次采用ＳＰ６５特殊质粒与人类的乙型肝炎病毒ＤＮＡ重组,制备了Ｂｉｏ－ＨＢＶ ＲＮＡ探针,能特异地与ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ杂交,将该探针与缺口转移方法标记的Ｂｉｏ－ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ探针进行了比较,结果显示出Ｂｉｏ－ＨＢＶ ＲＮＡ探针比Ｂｉｏ－ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ探针的敏感性提高１０倍,并分别应用两种探针同时检测７０例乙肝病人血清中ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ,阳性率各为３１．４２％、２８．５７％（Ｐ＞０．２５）。对Ｂｉｏ－     

大熊猫DNA指纹在野生种群数量调查中的应用

本文用荧光素标记ＬＺＦ－１基因指纹探针,以四川省冕宁县冶勒野外大熊猫的脱落被毛及尽量新鲜的粪便作样品,进行了ＤＮＡ指纹检测。１．在相同或不同时间、巢域采集的粪便与被毛样品,显现出相同或不同的ＤＮＡ指纹图谱,达到个体认定的目的．表明了大熊猫野外脱落被毛和粪便,能作为ＤＮＡ指纹分析材料,进行野生种群数量调查．２．根据检测６个被毛和９个粪便样品的结果,认定该生境中有７只大熊猫个体,纠正了有８只和８±２只的记载．３．应用ＤＮＡ指纹技术及微机个体识别进行大熊猫野外数量调查,准确可靠,节省人力、物力和财力,能获得大熊猫在野外的真实个体数量。     

HRP-HBVDNA探针在临检应用中的研究

本文介绍了一种简便的检测血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的方法。参照Ｒｅｎｚ等人的标记方法,构建了直接酶标ＨＲＰ ＨＢＶＤＮＡ探针。此探针经与固定在硝酸纤维素滤膜上的血清靶ＤＮＡ杂交后,可通过化学发光自显影检测技术观察结果。敏感度可检测０－１ｐｇ靶ＤＮＡ,相当于同位素探针的灵敏度。对６３份ＨＢｓＡｇＨＢｅＡｇ和Ａｎｔｉ ＨＢｃＥＬＩＳＡ阳性血清以及２４份ＨＢｓＡｇＡｎｔｉ ＨＢｃ阳性,ＨｂｅＡｇ阴性血清用ＨＲＰ ＨＢＶＤＮＡ探针进行检测,结果探针ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性率分别为１００％（６３）和５８％（１４）;对５０份ＨＢｓＡｇ,ＥＬＩＳＡ阴性和ＡＬＴ正常的血清,探针ＨＢＶＤＮＡ全部阴性。实验结果表明本方法具有很大的推广应用价值。     

血沉标本中人巨细胞病毒DNA的检出

用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）和地高辛标记探针（ｄｉｇ－ｐｒｏｂｅ）检测临床血沉标本中人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）ＤＮＡ。结果表明,人群血标本中ＨＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ携带率较高;ＰＣＲ技术较ｄｉｇ－ｐｒｏｂｅ更敏感、快速、简便,二者检出ＨＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性率分别为８３．３％和６０．３％;ＨＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ检出率、ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ检出率与血沉值高低之间无相关性。     

大熊猫基因指纹探针F2ZGP96060801的研制及比较实验分析

利用ＡＢＩ－３９４型ＤＮＡ合成仪合成的寡核苷酸５－「Ａ（Ｘ）ｎ－ｘＴＣＣＡＣ」ｎ－３,经高效液相色谱仪纯化后,制备成了命名为为Ｆ２ＺＧＰ９６０６０８０１的大熊猫基因指纹探针,用同位素标记法标记Ｆ２ＺＧＰ９６０６０８０１,ＬＺＦ－Ｉ、朋５、３３．６和（ＣＡＣ）６／ＧＴＧ）５等５种基因指纹探针,比较检测了大熊猫随机个体的被毛、大熊猫３雄配Ｉ雌所产１个双胞胎计６只个体的福尔马林固定的肝组织和粪便中的胃肠     

戊型肝炎病毒细胞分离株部分核苷酸序列分析

用抗原捕获／多聚酶链反应（ＡＣ／ＰＣＲ）对戊型肝炎病毒（ＨＥＶ）细胞分离株ＭＪ９０和Ｒ２５基因组的部分核苷酸序列进行扩增,获得了与ＨＥＶ缅甸株ＥＴ１·１相同的ｃＤＮＡ扩增带。该ｃＤＮＡ扩增带纯化后用双脱氧核苷酸ＤＮＡ链末端终止法测序,ＣＪ９０、Ｒ２５株的核苷酸和氨基酸序列与ＥＴ１·１克隆的同源性分别为９９．６％、１００％和９９％、９９％,从而证明ＭＪ９０和Ｒ２５毒株为ＨＥＶ．     

寡核苷酸探针进行DNA指纹分析在法医学上应用的评价

本文用自制的寡核苷酸探针（ＣＡＣ）５／（ＧＴＧ）５,对与法医学应用有关的问题进行了研究。从室温下放置三年的血痕得到不完全的ＤＮＡ指纹图;从同一个体不同组织的ＤＮＡ得到完全一致的结果;从混合斑中分离出精子ＤＮＡ进行ＤＮＡ指纹检验,并与同一供体的血液ＤＮＡ指纹图进行比较;还仅有０．２５μｇ的ＤＮＡ获得了可分辨的ＤＮＡ指纹图。此外,用限制性内切酶ＨａｅⅢ代替Ｈｉｎｆｌ酶切入的基因组ＤＮＡ,也获得了高度多     

随机引物PCR技术在个体认定及亲权鉴定中的应用

随机引物ＰＣＲ技术（ＡＰ－ＰＣＲ）检测人ＤＮＡ指纹图用于法医学个体认定及亲权鉴定是一个非常有效和经济的方法。应用该技术对１００例无关个体ＡＰ－ＰＣＲ的ＤＮＡ指纹进行分析和１０个肯定亲生关系的家庭进行亲权鉴定,结果该技术的个体识别力非常高,亲权鉴定时的非父排除率也很高,且操作简便、快速,是一个值得推广的方法。     

单纯疱疹病毒通用及Ⅱ型特异性DNA探针的制备及应用研究

单纯疱疹病毒（ＨＳＶ）Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型之间有很多共同抗原,能引起血清学交叉反应,鉴别诊断比较困难。本实验利用重组ＤＮＡ技术,将部分ＨＳＶ－２ＤＮＡ的ＰｓｔＩ片段克隆到载体质粒ＰＳＫ中,并筛选出两个重组质粒（Ｐ和Ｐ）只与ＨＳＶ－２反应,与ＨＳＶ－１不反应,这两个重组质粒中所含的ＨＳＶ－２ＤＮＡ片段大小分别是３．１和４．３ｋｂ,另外,还筛选了一个重组质粒（ＰＨＳＶ２－１,含５．８ｋｂＨＳＶ－２ＤＮＡ片段）与ＨＳＶ－１和ＨＳＶ－２均反应。将４．３ｋｂ的片段用光生物素标记后作为探针检测了１５９份人阴道拭子,其中２３份样品呈阳性反应,其余均为阴性,从２３份阳性样品中挑选１２价涂片用间接荧光抗体法检测也都呈阳性反应,随机挑选的几份杂交反应阴性样品在间接荧光试验中也是阴性。本实验制备的ＨＳＶ通用及ＨＳＶ－２型特异性探针将比常规的血清学方法诊断和鉴别ＨＳＶ－１和ＨＳＶ－２感染更为可靠。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.