嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌D2株单加氧酶基因的克隆与表达

构建嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌D2株荧光素样单加氧酶基因表达克隆载体,并进行融合表达。PCR扩增出嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌D2菌株基因组DNA中包含单加氧酶基因约1300bp的核酸片段,将其克隆到T载体pMD-18中进行序列测定,所得序列申请并获得GenBank登记号(GQ122330)。DNA star软件分析发现该基因片段中含有一个996bp的完整开放读码框架(ORF),与GenBank中收录的S.maltophilia R551-3(CP001111/GenomeProject17107)和K279a(AM743169)的MO基因核酸序列同源性分别为90%和89%,氨基酸序列同源性分别为93%和90%。根据该ORF序列设计分别含有BamHⅠ和HindⅢ酶切位点的表达克隆扩增引物,PCR扩增、双酶切后将产物亚克隆到pET32a载体中,经过双酶切验证,证实成功获得了表达重组载体pET32a/MO;将其转化宿主菌E.coli BL21,IPTG诱导后成功表达出54.2ku的MO融合蛋白,为该酶进一步的功能研究和开发奠定了基础。     

文摘

010 0 51炭疽杆菌水肿因子基因的克隆与序列测定 [中 ]/袁斌… / /生物技术通讯 .- 2 0 0 0 ,11( 4 ) .- 2 4 9～ 2 51采用聚合酶链反应 (ＰＣＲ)从炭疽芽孢杆菌减毒株Ｙｂ1中扩增其水肿因子 (ＥＦ)的编码区基因 ,将其克隆至ｐＧＥＭ -Ｔ载体中 ,并分步测定其序列。序列测定表明 ,该基因长 2 30 1ｂｐ ,编码 2 67个氨基酸 ,与已报道的Ｓｔｅｒｎｅ标准株的ＥＦ基因完全一致。 (紫玉 )0 10 0 52人骨形态发生蛋白 - 7全长ｃＤＮＡ的克隆及序列测定 [中 ]/饶亚兰… / /生物技术通讯 .- 2 0 0 0 ,11( 4 ).- 2 52～ 2 53从人胎儿肾中提取总ＲＮＡ…     

剑尾鱼线粒体细胞色素b基因的序列分析

目的　克隆和测定剑尾鱼 (Xiphophorushelleri)线粒体细胞色素b基因 (cytb)的全序列。方法　提取剑尾鱼肝脏的总DNA。设计合成特异引物进行PCR扩增。扩增产物经琼脂糖电泳检测、纯化后克隆到pGEM Teasyvectorsystem中的T载体上 ,筛选转化子 ,提取质粒 ,酶切鉴定。挑取重组质粒pGEM T xhcytb 11进行序列测定。结果　获得了剑尾鱼线粒体cytb基因的全序列 ,共 114 0bp。结论　用BLAST与GenBank中的线粒体DNA序列进行比较 ,显示剑尾鱼与其他鱼类的cytb基因具有较高的同源性 ;根据剑尾鱼与其他 13种鱼的cytb基因序列同源性所建立的进化树 ,与传统的分类地位基本吻合     

利用12S rRNA、COI基因分子标记鉴定少棘巨蜈蚣干燥体

本研究旨在利用线粒体DNA上的12S rRNA基因、COI基因分子标记鉴定少棘巨蜈蚣(Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans L. Koch)干燥体。通过提取少棘巨蜈蚣干燥体样本DNA,PCR扩增线粒体DNA上的12S r RNA基因、COI基因片段,对PCR产物进行电泳检测及测序分析,测序结果在GenBank上进行BLAST搜索,同源性分析,并用MEGA7.0软件对所有实验样品及少棘巨蜈蚣的近缘物种进行遗传距离分析、构建邻接(NJ)树以验证序列比对结果。结果表明,从少棘巨蜈蚣(Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans L. Koch)干燥体中成功地提取到了基因组总DNA,并成功扩增出了用于动物种属鉴定的12S rRNA、COI基因片段。但所得蜈蚣样本12S rRNA基因片段序列与NCBI的GenBank中的物种的同源性无90%以上的。通过文献调研发现尚无蜈蚣12S rRNA基因片段的相关报道,将该序列作为新的基因序列注册到NCBI基因数据库中,该基因片段序列的GenBank登录号为JN558832.1。这说明利用线粒体DNA上的12S rRNA、COI基因DNA分子标记皆可准确鉴定动物种属。本研究得到的12S rRNA基因片段序列可作为后续准确鉴定少棘巨蜈蚣药材的分子标记参考。     

我国猪瘟病毒兔化弱毒株囊膜糖蛋白E0基因的克隆及序列测定

采用异硫氰酸胍一步法从480代猪瘟病毒兔化弱毒株(HCLV)脾毒中提取总RNA,以该RNA为模板,进行反转录,然后采用套式PCR扩增出HCLV的囊膜糖蛋白E0基因,琼脂糖凝胶电泳表明其大小与预计相符.将扩增出的E0基因克隆到pGEM-T载体中,用自动序列分析仪对其进行序列测定.将测得的序列及推导的氨基酸序列与国外测得的C株相应序列进行比较,结果发现,它们之间核苷酸序列同源性为99.08%,氨基酸序列同源性为98.42%.     

人参细胞器核糖体小亚单位DNA的PCR扩增与序列测定

采用CTAB法提取了人参(Panax ginseng)根基因组DNA,根据植物叶绿体16S rDNA和线粒体18SrDNA与细菌16S rDNA序列具有高度同源性,用扩增细菌16S rDNA的一对通用引物(8f,1492r)扩增了人参细胞器核糖体小亚单位DNA.对扩增产物进行了克隆与测序,经多序列比对,扩增片段分别与已知植物叶绿体16S rDNA和线粒体18S rDNA具高度同源性,表明该对引物可以用来扩增绝大多数植物细胞器核糖体小亚单位DNA,可以作为鉴定植物叶绿体16S rDNA和线粒体18S rDNA的一种基本实验技术.     

扩展青霉PF898碱性脂肪酶基因组DNA的克隆及序列分析

扩展青霉 (Penicilliumexpansum)PF898可产生一种具有重要工业生产价值的碱性脂肪酶(PEL) .在通过 3′RACE和 5′RACE获得PEL完整的cDNA序列的基础上 ,通过PCR方法首次克隆了该脂肪酶的完整的基因组DNA序列 (GenBank登录号为AF330 6 35 ) .该脂肪酶DNA全长 14 0 4bp ,包括PEL编码区、3′非翻译区和部分 5′非翻译区基因的序列 .编码区DNA由 1135个碱基组成 ,含有 5个内含子 ,大小分别为 5 8bp、4 7bp、5 0bp、5 6bp和 6 9bp .在已报道的丝状真菌脂肪酶中 ,PEL基因的内含子数量最多 ,而其大小与其它丝状真菌脂肪酶基因的内含子一样 ,均为只有几十个碱基的小内含子 .PCR扩增获得的PLEDNA序列还包括由 195个碱基组成的 3′端非编码区序列 ,74个碱基的部分 5′端非编码区序列 .PELDNA全长序列中的 - 2 4至 - 2 7nt为TATAbox ,终止码TGA下游15 6nt出现AATAAA序列 ,TGA下游 182位出现poly(A)尾 ,为典型的真核基因结构 .同源性序列分析表明 ,PEL与其它真菌来源脂肪酶的基因组DNA序列同源性约为 39%～ 4 9% ,PEL内含子之间或PEL内含子与其它丝状真菌脂肪酶基因的内含子之间的序列同源性约 4 2 %～ 5 7% .     

汉坦病毒东方田鼠分离株ZT10的M基因序列的特性分析

分析东方田鼠分离汉坦病毒ZT10株M基因分子特征.提取汉坦病毒ZT10株感染细胞的总RNA,应用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增ZT10株M片段全基因,克隆于T载体并测序,对其进行序列分析.结果显示汉坦病毒ZT10株的基因组M片段长度为3651个核苷酸,编码1133个氨基酸.序列分析表明其为Seoul型汉坦病毒.与八株Seoul型汉坦病毒的M片段同源性为84.0%～96.3%,而与HTN型汉坦病毒的同源性则较低,与从田鼠分离的汉坦病毒(Prospect Hill virus, Tula virus, Khabarovsk virus, Isla vista virus)核苷酸同源性仅为57.5%～60.9%,且与浙江省Seoul型分离株Guo3同源性较低,表明浙江省可能存在着另一Seoul亚型的汉坦病毒.     

三种细菌DNA及CpG寡核苷酸抗肿瘤免疫的比较实验研究

用大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌和双歧杆菌的DNA与CpG寡聚核苷酸 (CpGoligodeoxynucleotides ,CpGODN)对荷瘤鼠进行治疗 ,比较 3种细菌DNA及CpGODN的抗肿瘤免疫作用 ,以筛选最好的细菌DNA及CpG序列用于肿瘤治疗。分别提取 3种细菌DNA并合成 2条CpGODN序列 ,在肝癌HcaFA3细胞株荷瘤小鼠模型上进行免疫治疗 ,以存活期、抑瘤率、NK/Mφ细胞活性及细胞因子 (IFN γ、TNF α、IL 2、IL 12等 )分泌活性等为指标 ,比较 3种细菌DNA之间及CpGODN的抗肿瘤免疫效果。 3种细菌DNA均能使荷瘤鼠的存活期延长 1倍以上 ,但三者之间无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。抑瘤率为 6 4 .0 3%～ 79.5 0 % (P <0 .0 1) ,而CpGODN的抑瘤率为 4 5 %～ 5 1%之间 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,3种细菌DNA以及CpGODN均能显著增强NK细胞和Mφ细胞的杀伤活性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但细菌DNA在诱导细胞因子 (IL 2、IFN、TNF等 )以及下调肿瘤细胞端粒酶活性方面 ,CpGODN作用强于细菌DNA。     

草鱼CYP1A和ACT基因cDNA片段的克隆与鉴定

以Trizol法分别提取BNF诱导和对照处理草鱼的肝组织总RNA并合成cDNA第一链,以此为模板利用1对ACT特异性引物和(8条)6对CYP1A简并引物进行扩增。结果显示,引物对F0-R0在对照和诱导草鱼中均扩增得到预期ACTcDNA片段,而引物对F4-R4在诱导草鱼中获得预期CYP1A cDNA产物。这两个cDNA片段分别进行克隆、测序和比对,BLAST结果表明草鱼ACTcDNA片段(800 bp)与GenBank中ACT基因(登录号M25013)同源性为99.1%,推导氨基酸序列同源性为99.2%;草鱼CYP1A cDNA片段(439 bp)与鲤鱼同源性最高,为92.5%,推导氨基酸同源性为96.6%。上述序列提交GenBank,获得登录号分别为DQ211096和DQ211095。通过Mega 3.1软件的Neighbor-joining程序对CYP基因的部分cDNA序列和氨基酸序列进行比对分析并绘制进化树,根据CYP1A部分蛋白的系统发育关系,在进化上可以将参与比对的真骨鱼划分为4个主要的分支。     

Purification and characterization of the Ner repressor of bacteriophage Mu

The Ner protein of bacteriophage Mu acts as a lambda cro-like negative regulator of the phage's early (transposase) operon. Using the band retardation assay to monitor ner-operator-specific DNA-binding activity, the 8 kDa Ner protein was purified to homogeneity. DNase I footprinting revealed that the purified protein bound and protected a specific DNA operator that contains two 12 bp sites with the consensus sequence 5'-ANPyTAPuCTAAGT-3', separated by a 6 bp spacer region. Moreover, regions corresponding to a turn of the DNA helix flanking these 12 bp repeats are also protected by Ner. Unlike the functionally similar lambda cro protein, gel filtration experiments show that the native molecular mass of Mu Ner to be approx. 8 kDa. These results, plus the pattern of DNase I protection, suggest that the protein may bind as a monomer to each of its specific DNA substrates.     

长爪沙鼠的遗传多样性分析

利用17个微卫星DNA标记对Z:ZCLA长爪沙鼠封闭群、野生群和近交系进行遗传多样性分析, 评估群体内的遗传变异和群体间的遗传分化。结果表明：在Z:ZCLA封闭群和野生群中共有9个微卫星DNA标记获得稳定的结果, 分别为AF200940、AF200941、AF200942、AF200945、AF200946、AF200947、D11Mit128、PKC和 SCN, 共检测到41个等位基因, 每个基因的等位基因数从1～7不等, 片段大小在120～283 bp之间, 所有位点的平均期望杂合度(He)和多态信息含量(PIC)值分别为0.5032和0.4656, Z:ZCLA封闭群和野生群9个微卫星位点平均有效等位基因数分别为2.78和2.89, 平均基因杂合度分别为0.3704和 0.3893, 平均多态信息含量分别为0.3256和0.3344, 两个群体都表现为中度多态, Z:ZCLA封闭群较野生群稍低; 在3个近交系中共有8个位点获得稳定的扩增结果, 分别为AF200941、AF200942、AF200945、AF200946、AF200947、D11Mit128、PKC和 SCN, 共检测到11个等位基因, 片段大小在140~241 bp之间, 其中5个位点在群体内表现为单态纯合, 3个位点在群体内表现为单态杂合, 所有位点在群体内和群体间均呈单态性, 表明这3个长爪沙鼠品系基本符合近交系的要求, 微卫星标记技术适用于近交系长爪沙鼠的遗传检测。     

Analysis of spacer regions derived from intramolecular recombination between heterologous loxP sites

In Cre-loxP recombination system, Cre recombinase binds cooperatively to two 13bp inverted repeats in a 34bp loxP and catalyzes strand exchange in the 8bp spacer region. Up to date, spacer sequences within the recombined loxP sites derived from two loxP sties that have different 8bp spacer regions have never been analyzed. In the present study, we analyzed the spacer sequences within the recombined products, resulted from intramolecular recombination between heterologous loxP sites including M2, M3, M7, M11, and 2272 in vivo and in vitro. From the analyses, it was found that loxP sites with aberrant 8bp spacers can be generated from Cre-mediated recombination between heterologous loxP sites at significantly high frequency, proposing the possibility that recombination between heterologous loxP sites would have not undergone typical formula of Cre-loxP recombination.     

Molecular determination of species boundaries in corals: genetic analysis of the Montastraea annularis complex using amplified fragment length polymorphisms and a microsatellite marker

Analyses of DNA have not been widely used to distinguish coral sibling species. The three members of the Montastraea annularis complex represent an important test case: they are widely studied and dominate Caribbean reefs, yet their taxonomic status remains unclear. Analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and a microsatellite locus, using DNA from sperm, showed that Montastraea faveolata is genetically distinct. One AFLP primer yielded a diagnostic product (880 bp in M. faveolata 920 bp in M. franksi and M. annularis) whose homology was established by DNA sequencing. A second primer revealed a 630 bp band that was fixed in M. faveolata, and rare in M. franksi and M. annularis; in this case homologies were confirmed by Southern hybridizations. A tetranucleotide microsatellite locus with several alleles exhibited strong frequency differences between M. faveolata and the other two taxa. We did not detect comparable differences between M. annularis and M. franksi with either AFLPs (12 primers screened) or the microsatellite locus. Comparisons of AFLP patterns obtained from DNA from sperm, somatic tissues, and zooxanthellae suggest that the technique routinely amplifies coral (animal) DNA. Thus analyses based on somatic tissues may be feasible, particularly after diagnostic differences have been established using sperm DNA.     

Structural and biochemical insight into the mechanism of dual CpG site binding and methylation by the DNMT3A DNA methyltransferase

DNMT3A/3L heterotetramers contain two active centers binding CpG sites at 12 bp distance, however their interaction with DNA not containing this feature is unclear. Using randomized substrates, we observed preferential co-methylation of CpG sites with 6, 9 and 12 bp spacing by DNMT3A and DNMT3A/3L. Co-methylation was favored by AT bases between the 12 bp spaced CpG sites consistent with their increased bending flexibility. SFM analyses of DNMT3A/3L complexes bound to CpG sites with 12 bp spacing revealed either single heterotetramers inducing 40° DNA bending as observed in the X-ray structure, or two heterotetramers bound side-by-side to the DNA yielding 80° bending. SFM data of DNMT3A/3L bound to CpG sites spaced by 6 and 9 bp revealed binding of two heterotetramers and 100° DNA bending. Modeling showed that for 6 bp distance between CpG sites, two DNMT3A/3L heterotetramers could bind side-by-side on the DNA similarly as for 12 bp distance, but with each CpG bound by a different heterotetramer. For 9 bp spacing our model invokes a tetramer swap of the bound DNA. These additional DNA interaction modes explain how DNMT3A and DNMT3A/3L overcome their structural preference for CpG sites with 12 bp spacing during the methylation of natural DNA.     

Preparation of milligram amounts of 21 deoxyribonucleic acid restriction fragments

Twenty-one DNA restriction fragments ranging in size from 12 to 880 base pairs (bp) were purified to homogeneity in milligram amounts. The developments which facilitated this work were (a) procedures for the rapid preparation of gram quantities of pure recombinant plasmid DNAs, (b) selective poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) precipitation of DNAs according to broad classes of lengths, and (c) large-scale high-pressure liquid chromatography on RPC-5 for the purification of fragments to homogeneity. The 95- and 301-bp sequences from the lactose control region of Escherichia coli were cloned into the single EcoRI site of pVH51 in up to four copies per plasmid. These tandem inserts are separated by EcoRI sites and have a head to tail orientation in all cases. A total of 50 and 90 mg of th 95- and 301-bp fragments, respectively, were prepared from 300-L fermentations of E. coli cells transformed with these plasmids. A rapid and improved method, which can easily be scaled up, for the purification of plasmids and DNA restriction fragments was developed. Also, the linear pVH51 vector DNA was digested with HaeIII to yield fragments ranging in size from 12 to 880 bp. The five smaller fragments (from 12 to 180 bp) were purified quantitatively by a selective PEG precipitation enrichment step followed by RPC-5 column fractionation. The larger fragments (245-880 bp) were prepared in milligram amounts. Ten subfragments from the 301-bp lac fragment were prepared by HpaII, HinfI, or HaeIII/AluI digestions followed by separation of the reaction products on RPC-5.     

DNA sequence of the excision sites of a mitochondrial plasmid from senescent Podospora anserina.

During senescence in Podospora anserina, specific gene regions of the mitochondrial genome are excised and amplified. The most prevalent, termed alpha-event senDNA, is a 2600 bp circular molecule which is excised from the contiguous Hae III fragments 23,14 region of the mitochondrial DNA restriction map. We have cloned alpha-DNA plasmid from races s+ and A+ as well as the genomic fragments Hae III 23,14 and have sequenced those regions which constitute the alpha-junction sites. We have found that one excision site (J1) is located 24 bp from the proximal Hae III 23 restriction site and the other (J2) 172 bp from the distal Hae III 14 site. Flanking the alpha-DNA sequences on the mitochondrial genome, there are 10 bp palindromic sequences: CAATATATTG, ending 3 bases from the J1 site, and ATTATATAAT which starts 8 bases from the J2 site. Neither of these 10 bp palindromes are present on the alpha-DNA plasmid. Abutting the J1 site on the alpha-DNA there is a 5 bp sequence (GTGCT) which is repeated 8 bp downstream. In joining the two distal J1 and J2 sites, a 7 bp repeat (ACGTGCG) is produced. These results are discussed within the context of site-specific recombination.     

用RAPD标记研究蚱属五个种间的亲缘关系

用RAPD技术对蚱属5种蚱基因组DNA的多态性进行研究。在事先优化的反应条件下用12个随机引物扩增, 共得到84条清晰稳定的多态性片段,片段长度为200～2 000 bp。统计这些片段,根据扩增片段的共享度计算出相对遗传距离指数,然后用UPGMA和NJ聚类方法对其进行分析,构建系统树,确定了它们相互间的亲缘关系。     

随机扩增多态性对白色念珠菌分型的估价

利用随机扩增多态性(RAPD-PGR)的方法对48株白念珠菌Candida albicans(Robin)Berkh进行了分析。由初步试验中,随机选用了18种引物,筛选出OPA-14引物,该引物扩增的带型清晰可辨,不同菌株之间扩增的带数6—12条不等,共有6条主带。扩增片段的长度粗略估计在300—2000bp左右。除个别菌株的带型相同以外,大多数菌株之间呈多态性分布,其带型的数目和扩增的片段存在差异。对简单的DNA制备方法,以及RAPD-PCR在临床应用和流行病学调查中的可行性进行了初步探讨。     

细胞质雄性不育高粱叶绿体 ndh D 基因的序列变异

片段SAAU－02 700特异地扩增自7种具可育细胞质的高粱材料的总DNA,含有叶绿体psa C(88bp)和ndh D(192bp)基因的部分序列。该片段与Eco Ri HindⅢ酶切的总DNA,线粒体DNA和叶绿体DNA杂交,在总DNA中获得了0.74kb的杂交带,而在叶绿体中获得0.74kb和0．45kb两条杂交带。与线粒体DNA无杂交;与经Hae Ⅲ酶切的总DNA杂交,在不育系中获得4．9kb的杂交带,而保持系的杂交带为4．45kb。参考GenBank中高粱的近缘物种玉米叶绿体基因组的序列,构建了ndh D基因区的酶切位点图谱,借此分析得出高粱不育系的叶绿体ndh D基因序列已发生改变。这种变异与高粱细胞质雄性不育反生的关系正在探讨中。