在1／3海水培养基上筛选豆瓣菜耐盐变异体

系统地研究了豆瓣菜（ＮａｓｔｕｒｔｉｕｍｏｆｆｉｃａｉｎａｌｅＲ．Ｂｒ）茎段外植体对６－ＢＡ,ＮＡＡ和２,４－Ｄ的反应,确定了ＭＳ培养基附加６－ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,２,４－Ｄ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ为豆瓣菜愈伤组织诱导,继代培养基;ＭＳ培养基附加６－ＢＡ４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ为芽再生培养基;ＭＳ基本培养基为植株的生根的扦插繁殖培养基,将３２５个豆瓣菜茎切段外植体接种到含１／３海水的愈伤组织诱导培养基上,１７块外植体     

海甘蓝愈伤组织再生植株的研究

海甘蓝种子在附加有２～５ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ＋０１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基上,幼苗生长健壮。幼苗的下胚轴和子叶柄在ＭＳ＋１ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ＋０５ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ的培养基上可以获得较好的愈伤组织。将来源于下胚轴的愈伤组织培养于含有０５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ,２ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上分化出的丛生芽状态最好。最佳生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ＋０５ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ。     

枸杞髓组织离体培养及高频率植株再生的研究

枸杞髓组织在４种ＭＳ培养基上都能诱导出愈伤组织,诱导率５３．７％～１００％。在培养基ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ获得的愈伤组织,呈颗粒状,分散性能好,胚性细胞多．将其转移到ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｍ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ的分化培养基上获得大量绿色小芽,小芽在ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上得到快速繁殖,繁殖系数５０～１５０株／芽·月。丛生芽在ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｔｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上形成完整植株     

中麻黄悬浮培养体系的建立

本文用中麻黄无菌苗为外植体,其切段培养在附加２ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ和０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ　６　ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上,全部脱分化形成白色疏松愈伤组织。愈伤组织继代培养于ＭＳ＋０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ６ＢＡ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ　ＮＡＡ＋４％蔗糖的培养某上。以继代培养愈伤组织为材料进行悬浮培养,培养基为附加０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ＋０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ６ＢＡ＋０．１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋２％蔗糖的ＭＳ液体培养基,得到分散性好,细胞形状接近圆形,细胞大小均一,细胞团多由２－３０个细胞组成的悬浮培养体系。第三代悬浮培养细胞增长率为０．３５ｇ·ｆｗ／２０ｍｌ·ｄ,细胞有丝分裂指数为１１．２％。条件培养和高密度接种可缩短延迟期,条件培养不能提高分裂指数,１ｇ／１０ｍｌ接种密度可使分裂指数提高至２１．２％。     

大叶紫花苜蓿愈伤组织原生质体再生植株

大叶紫花苜蓿下胚轴诱导的愈伤组织在继代培养基上生长快速,易于分散。继代第１２ｄ的愈伤组织原生质体的得率为６．５×１０７／ｇ鲜重。原生质体培养基为ＳＨ基本培养基,含有１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－０、０．５ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ、２．０ｇ／ＬＣＨ、２％蔗糖、６％葡萄糖、５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＭＥＳ,培养密度为１．０×１０５／ｍＬ。培养至第１２ｄ时的原生质体再生细胞植板率为３．７％。由原生质体形成的小愈伤组织在含２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ的ＭＳ固体培养基上大量增殖。增殖的愈伤组织转移至２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ２－ｉｐ＋０．１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的Ｂ５培养基上,形成体细胞胚并发育成完整植株。     

本立芦荟组织培养pH分化特性及快速繁殖的研究

以木立芦荟的叶片、叶鞘、带腋芽的茎段为外植体进行试管培养,结果叶鞘和茎段可诱导形成愈伤组织,腋芽直接萌生。经试验筛选出各增减阶段最适宜的培养基为：⑴愈伤组织诱导,ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１５ｍｇｌ;⑵腋芽萌生,ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．３－０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１５ｍｇ／Ｌ;⑶丛生芽分化及继代,ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１０ｍｇ／Ｌ;⑷生根,ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．３－０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０     

红景天叶片诱导再生植株

红景天片接种在ＭＳ培养基上,诱导形成愈伤组织,再稳定在ＭＳ附加６－ＢＡ２ｍｇ／１＋ＩＡＡ０．２５ｍｇ／ｌ的培养基上产生大量丛生芽,丛生芽培养于Ｂ５附加ＩＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／ｌ的培养基上可导生根形成完整植株。     

马铃薯器官发生和植株再生研究

虎头、克４和Ｆａｖｏｒｉｔａ３个马铃薯品种的根、茎、叶外植体在附加ＮＡＡ和ＢＡ各１ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导出愈伤组织。在附加０．２ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ和１ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ的ＭＳ培养荐,愈伤组织上分化产生不定芽。１．５－２．５ｃｍ高的不定芽在ＭＳ＋０．０５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ培养基上生根形成再生完整植株。３个马铃薯品种中,虎头茎的愈伤组织诱导频率最高,达９８％。Ｆａｖｏｒｉｔａ叶愈伤组织的不定芽分化频率和不定芽生     

百脉根愈伤组织原生质体再生植株

百脉根无菌苗幼茎在含２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ－,２,４－Ｄ,０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ２－ｉｐ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导和继代培养愈伤组织。选取绿色松散颗粒愈伤组织分离原生质体。原生质体培养在调整珠ＫＭ８Ｐ,Ｖ－ＫＭ,ＭＳ和ＳＨ培养基上「含３００ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＣＨ,２％ＣＷ,２％蔗糖,６％葡萄糖,２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,２,４－Ｄ,０．５ｍｇｇ／Ｌ,ＢＡ,５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＭＥＳ」,原生质体再生细胞均能分裂,并形成小愈伤组织,但以ＫＭ８０为     

胡杨离体器官发生及试管无性系的建立

研究了离体条件下胡杨（Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓ　ｅｕｐｈｒａｔｉｃａ　Ｏｌｉｖｅｒ）茎段、叶片及愈伤组织的器官发生和植株再生技术。离体培养以ＭＳ为基本培养基并附加４０ｍｇ／Ｌ腺嘌呤和５００ｍｇ／Ｌ水解乳蛋白。离体叶片和茎段在ＢＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织,并在含０．２５ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ和０．５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的培养基上继代增殖。ＢＡ为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ可诱导叶片和愈伤组织发生不定芽,诱导频率分别为１００％和８２．９％,对于茎段,ＢＡ和ＮＡＡ分别为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ时诱导不定芽频率可达８３％。试管苗在大量元素减半并附加０．０１５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导生根,生根率达８６．２％。     

龙牙匆木幼芽体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生（简报）

Explants excised from the young shoots of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. were cultured on MS media. Calli were induced from the explants on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2, 4-D, 0.5 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA. Then these calli were transferred onto the MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 0.5 mg/L BA + 0.5 mg/L NAA and 0.2% activated charcoal. Under these conditions the somatic embryoids were observed and regenerated plants were obtained from somatic embryogenesis. Then, a experimental system with stability and high regenerating efficiency has been set up for the propagation of the young plants, the cell breeding technology and the control of somatic embryogenesis of Aralia elata (Miq.).     

杂景天愈伤组织诱导及红景天苷测定

以杂景天的子叶、胚轴为外植体,接种在附加不同激素组合的MS培养基上诱导愈伤组织产生,愈伤组织经继代培养后,用高效液相色谱检测红景天苷含量.结果显示,杂景天的子叶是诱导愈伤组织的理想外植体,子叶在MS 1 mg/L BA 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D和MS 1 mg/L BA 0.5 mg/L NAA培养基上的愈伤组织诱导率较高(81.8%、80%).愈伤组织有红、绿2种类型.HPLC检测显示红色愈伤组织不含红景天苷,绿色愈伤组织红景天苷含量为0.288 6%.表明利用组织培养生产红景天苷是可行的.     

Plant regeneration from cultured protoplasts of a glutinous rice

Young embryos of rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp, japonicavar. Guo-xiang No. 1) were cultured on MS agar medium(2,4-D 2 mg/l). Calli were formed and subcultured on N6 agar medium (2,4-D 2 mg/l ). After selection, the small, grainy and pale yellowish cell clusters with dense cytoplasm were used in protoplast preparation. Isolated protoplasts were cultured in N6 medium (2,4-D 1 mg/l, 6-BA 0.2 mg/l)~1 with agarose block culture method. The protoplasts grew, divided and formed calli. After inducing differentiation, the regenerated mature plants were obtained.     

Plant Regeneration from Protoplasts of Coriandrum sativum

Calli produced from stem segments of seedling of Coriandrum satwum which were cultured on MS agar medium containing NAA 1.0mg/L. The embryogenic cell colony suspension was estabilished on MS liquid medium containing NAA 1.0mg/L%2,4-D 0.2mg/L+BA 0.5 mg/L. The cell suspension culture was used for protoplast preparation. Protoplasts were obtained in the enzyme mixture containing 2.0% Onozuka R-10, 1.0% pectinase, 0.5% snailase, 0.5% dextran sulfate potassium Salt, 0.6mol/L mannital CPW solution at pH 5.8 and 25℃. Cultured in a KM8P liquid medium containing NAA 1.0mg/L+2,4-D 0.2mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L, glucose 0.4mol/L and CM 20mi/L; the protoplasts entered the stage of derision after three days, cell clusters formed in 10 days and calli formed after about 50 days. When the calli were transferred to MS agar medium containing many growth substances, they differentiated into embryoids, and then developed into plantlet with many green leaves and roots on the 1/2 MS agar medium.     

盾叶薯蓣组织培养技术的优化

以盾叶薯蓣的根状茎、茎段、叶柄、幼叶为材料,进行愈伤组织诱导、分化及再生植株形成的研究。结果表明：盾叶薯蓣不同外植体均能诱导出愈伤组织,其中茎段愈伤组织的诱导率最高;不同激素配比的培养基对愈伤组织的形成有很大的影响：以LS为基本培养基,2,4-D浓度为4．0mg／L、6-BA浓度为1．0mg／L的激素配比诱导率最高,达62．5％;以改良MS为基本培养基,2,4-D浓度为2．0mg／L、6-BA浓度为0．5mg／L的激素配比诱导率最高,达71．4％。筛选到优化的分化培养基为改良MS附加2．0mg／L的6-BA和0．5mg／L的Vc,且能直接诱导出根,并形成完整植株。     

发根农杆菌LBA9402Bin19转化红豆草及再生转基因植株

Hypocotyl segments of Onobrychis viciaefolia were transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes LBA9402 which harboured pBin19 and pRi1855. Seedling age and preculture time of hypocotyl segments influenced the transformation frequency. Paper electrophoresis revealed that 70% of single hairy root cultures could synthesize agropine. Calli were induced from hairy root segments on MS medium containing 0-9.05 mumol/L 2,4-D and 0-2.22 mumol/L 6-BA at first, then they were transferred onto MS0 medium without kanamycin for regeneration. Constitution and concentration of phytohormones in callus induction media affected subsequent regeneration of calluses on MS0 medium remarkably. Regeneration frequency and shoot number per callus declined when 2,4-D concentration in callus induction media increased from 4.52 to 9.05 mumol/L, while they ascended when 6-BA in callus induction media increased from 0 to 2.22 mumol/L. On MS medium supplemented with 4.52 mumol/L 2,4-D and 2.22 mumol/L 6-BA, only 14.2% hairy root segments could produce calluses, but the regeneration frequency reached 58.1% and the shoot number per callus was 37.2. In 32 analysed plants regenerated from 8 kanamycin resistant hairy root lines, 25 were nptII positive and showed different copy numbers.     

Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in callus culture of tef, Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter

The study was carried out to establish in vitro culture conditions for plant regeneration of tef, Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter. Mature seeds of two Ethiopian varieties, DZ-01-354 and DZ-01-196, were used to initiate callus cultures on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different auxins. Four- and 8-week-old calli induced on a medium with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were subcultured onto various media to induce somatic embryogenesis. Compact, nodulated, embryogenic callus was observed after transfer onto MS-callus proliferating (CP) medium. Embryogenic tissue appeared on soft and amorphous callus and developed into somatic embryos during a subsequent subculture to MS embryo-promoting (EP) media. Various growth regulator combinations were tested in CP and EP media to obtain a high efficiency of somatic embryo formation. The highest frequency of calli forming somatic embryos (56.1–68.3%) was observed when CP media with 2.0 or 4.0 mg/l 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid were employed and then cultures were transferred to EP media with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l kinetin followed by 0.5 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid and 0.5 mg/l N⁶-benzyladenine. Plant development from somatic embryos was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l gibberellic acid. On average, 71.2% of calli displaying somatic embryos converted into plants. Regenerated plants were successfully transferred to soil. Neither chlorophyll-deficient plants nor morphological variants were found among regenerants. All regenerated plants were fertile. Received: 9 May 1997 / Revision received: 25 September 1997 / Accepted: 3 January 1998     

Plant Regeneration from Protoplasts of Suspension Cells of Saposhnilkovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk

Embryogenic calli were produced from the segments of the young roots, hypocotyls or petioles of test-tube seedlings on MS agar medium containing 1 mg/1 2,4-D. When shaken in the MS liquid medium, the calli formed cell suspension with many embryogenic cell clumps.Using the enzyme mixture: Onozuka R-10 1.5%+MacerozymeR-10 0.3%+Snailase 0.5%+CaCl2 5 mmol/l + Mannitol 0.6 mol/1 (pH=5.8), protoplasts were obtained from the cell clumps which had been subcultured for three to' seven days. When cultivated, the protoplasts grew and began to divide after four days, and formed cell clumps about l—2 mm within fifty days. Protoplast-derived calli were formed from the cell clumps on the MS agar medium with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D. When transferred onto the MS agar medium containing 0.1 mg/1 6-BA or 0.1 mg/1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/1 6-BA, the calli differentiated into embryoids. On the MS agar medium without phytohormone, the embryoids grew into plantlets.     

何首乌愈伤组织的诱导

研究了外植体、光暗条件、植物激素等因子对何首乌愈伤组织诱导的影响 ,以及 6 -BA和何首乌组织提取液对愈伤组织增殖的影响。结果表明 :茎段的愈伤组织诱导优于带侧芽茎段和叶片 ;光照有利于愈伤组织的诱导 ;4因子 4水平的正交实验表明 ,对何首乌茎段愈伤组织诱导的影响 2 ,4 -D >6 -BA >IBA >IAA ,最佳激素搭配是 :MS +2 ,4 -D 2mg L +6 -BA 1mg L +IBA1mg L或MS +2 ,4 -D 2mg L +6 -BA 2mg L +IAA 1mg L ;MS培养基中附加 6 -BA或组织提取液均促进愈伤组织的增殖。     

骆驼蓬的组织培养及植株再生

以骆驼蓬(Peganum harmala L)无菌苗下胚轴切段为材料,在不同的培养基上进行愈伤组织的诱导,发现在MS基本培养基附加2．0mg/L 2,4—D、0．5mg／L 6—BA和3％蔗糖时,可100％的诱导出愈伤组织。愈伤组织在附加2．0mg／L 6—BA、0．5mg／L NAA、500mg／L CH和3％蔗糖的MS培养基上诱导出丛生芽,进而发育成苗,苗的分化频率在30％左右。分化苗或其茎切断在附加0．2mg／L IBA、0．2mg/L NAA和3％蔗糖的l／2MS培养基上出现根的分化,分化频率在90％以上。再生植株经炼苗后移栽成活,成活率在80％以上。