玉米反式因子基因分离初报

发育是一个严格有序的选择性基因表达过程。在这一过程中,序列特异的反式因子（ｔｒａｎｓａｃｔｉｎｇｆａｃｔｏｒｓ）通过与基因调控序列中顺式调控元件（ｃｉｓａｃｔｉｎｇｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓ）的互作启动基因转录,因此,它们又被称为转录因子［１］。基于这类因...     

氧化修饰高密度脂蛋白对培养人动脉平滑肌细胞细胞周期蛋白D_1基因表达的影响

动脉平滑肌细胞（ｓｍ ｏｏｔｈ ｍ ｕｓｃｌｅ ｃｅｌｌ,ＳＭＣ）是动脉粥样硬化（ａｔｈｅｒｏｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｉｓ,ＡＳ）斑块中的主要细胞,它的增殖在ＡＳ形成过程中极其重要．利用体外培养的人主动脉ＳＭＣ,观察了天然高密度脂蛋白（ｎａｔｉｖｅ ｈｉｇｈ ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ ｌｉｐｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ,Ｎ－ＨＤＬ）及氧化修饰ＨＤＬ（ｏｘｉｄｉｚｅｄ ＨＤＬ,ＯＸ－ＨＤＬ）对培养人主动脉ＳＭＣ ｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１（细胞周期蛋白Ｄ１）基因转录表达的影响．结果表明：（１）Ｎ－ＨＤＬ对ＳＭＣｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１基因表达无影响（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）;（２）ＯＸ－ＨＤＬ使ＳＭＣｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１基因表达显著增强（Ｐ＜０．０１）,其表达量随时间（２、１２、２４ ｈ）延长而增加．上述结果表明,ＯＸ－ＨＤＬ的致ＡＳ作用可能与其刺激ＳＭＣｃｙｃｌｉｎ Ｄ１基因表达增加有关．     

植物基因表达调控的机制：核因子作用

植物基因表达调控的机制：核因子作用邵宏波（四平师范学院生物工程研究所四平１３６０００）１引言真核生物的转录启始是由顺式作用的ＤＮＡ基序（ｅｔｓ－ａｃｔｉｎｇＤＮＡｍｏｔｉｆ）与反式作用的蛋白质因子（ｔｒａｎｓ－ａｃｔｉｎｚｎｒｏｔｅｉｎｆａｃｔｏｒ）...     

苏云金芽胞杆菌YBT1520杀虫晶体蛋白基因的属性

通过Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交发现高毒力苏云金芽胞杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｔｈｕｒｉｎｇｉｅｎｓｉｓ）ＴＢＴ－１５２０菌株含有两个杀虫晶体蛋白基因片段,其５’＝末端所在ＨｉｎｄⅢ片段分别为６．８ｋｂ和４．６ｋｂ,它们对应的基因分别命名为ｃｒｙ２１８和ｃｒｙ４．６。经ＰＣＲ鉴定,该菌含有ｃｒｙ１Ａａ、ｃｒｙ１Ａｂ和ｃｒｙ１Ａｃ基因,以及ｃｒｙ２基因,其中ｃｒｙ２１８属于ｃｒｙ１Ａｃ。分析了ｃｒｙ１Ａｃ基因     

环境因子胁迫下水稻翻译延伸因子1A基因的诱导表达

利用差异显示ＰＣＲ 技术（ＤＤ＿ＰＣＲ） 比较了籼稻（ Ｏｒｙｚａｓａｔｉｖａ Ｌ．ｓｓｐ．ｉｎｄｉｃａ）“窄叶青８ 号”幼苗在盐胁迫与正常生长条件下基因表达的差异,克隆了水稻翻译延伸因子１Ａ 蛋白（ｅＥＦ１Ａ） 基因家族中的一个新的成员（ 称为ＲＥＦ１Ａ） 。利用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ 杂交对环境因子胁迫下该基因的表达进行了分析,结果翻译延伸因子１Ａ 基因在水稻幼苗中的表达明显受盐胁迫和ＡＢＡ胁迫所诱导,且ＡＢＡ 胁迫处理对该基因转录的诱导要早于盐胁迫的诱导作用。此外,干旱（１５％ ＰＥＧ６０００） 处理、冷胁迫（４ ℃）和热激（３７ ℃） 对水稻翻译延伸因子１Ａ 基因的转录均有明显的诱导作用。上述结果说明翻译延伸因子１Ａ基因的诱导表达可能是水稻细胞对逆境胁迫的一种适应性反应     

酵母PHO85结合蛋白PAP1基因的克隆和表达

酵母调探因了ＰＨＯ８５是一个依赖于细胞周期蛋白（ｃｙｃｌｉｎ）的蛋白酶（ＣＤＫ）,参与对细胞周期和酸性磷酸酯酶基因表达的调控。冯ＰＨＯ８５为靶分子,利用酵母的染色体基因文库中克隆到了一个新的与ＰＨＯ８５相结合的蛋白因子的基因,利用酵母双杂交（ｔｗｏ－ｈｙｂｒｉｄ）系统从酵母的染色体基因文加中克隆到了一个新的与ＰＨＯ８５相结合的蛋白因子的基因,将此蛋白质命名为ＰＡＰ１（ＰＨＯ８５ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ     

玉米中抗病基因myb1和NDR1同源序列的荧光原位杂交物理定位

以烟草和拟南芥中的单拷贝抗病基因ｍｙｂ１和ＮＤＲ１作探针,利用荧光原位杂交的方法分别对这两个基因在玉米（Ｚｅａ ｍａｙｓ Ｌ．）和烟草（Ｎｉｃｏｔｉａｎａ ｔａｂａｃｕｍ Ｌ．）、玉米和拟南芥（Ａｒａｂｉｄｏｐｓｉｓ ｔｈａｌｉａｎａ（Ｌ．）Ｈｅｙｎｈ．）中的同源性做了研究。杂交结果表明ｍｙｂ１和ＮＤＲ１的同源序列分别位于玉米第８、５染色体,单个信号位置表明０这两个基因的同源序列在玉米基因组中只有     

核酸靶序列的体外选择和扩增技术

核酸靶序列的体外选择和扩增技术王成济（第四军医大学生化教研室,西安７１００３２）关键词寡聚核苷酸,体外选择,ＰＣＲ基因表达的转录水平调控很大程度上依赖于基因的顺式调控元件（ｃｉｓ－ａｃｔｉｎｇｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓ）与反式调节因子（ｔｒａｎｓ－ａｃｔｉｎｇ...     

大赖草及近缘物种原位杂交和Southern杂交的分析

用Ｔｈｉｎｏｐｙｒｕｍｂｅｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ（Ｓａｖｕｌ．＆Ｒａｙｓ）Ａ．Ｌｖｅ的基因组ＤＮＡ作探针,分别与大赖草Ｌｅｙｍｕｓｒａｃｅｍｏｓｕｓ（Ｌａｍ．）Ｔｚｖｅｌ．和脆轴偃麦草Ｔｈ．ｊｕｎｃｅｕｍ（Ｓａｖｕｌ．＆Ｒａｙｓ）Ａ．Ｌｖｅ的体细胞杂交,大赖草的１４对染色体均出现杂交信号,脆轴偃麦草只有７对染色体有杂交信号。在用重复ＤＮＡ序列ＰＨｖ６２作探针的原位杂交中,Ｔｈ．ｂｅｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ有４对染色体有杂交信号,大赖草有１３对染色体显示杂交信号,新麦草Ｐｓａｔｈｙｒｏｓｔａｃｈｙｓｊｕｎｃｅａ（Ｆｉｓｃｈ．）Ｎｅｖｓｋｉ和脆轴偃麦草无杂交信号。用ＰＨｖ６２作探针的Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交结果与原位杂交相似。在被检测的１２个普通小麦大赖草异源染色体系中,除二体附加系中５Ｌｒ＃１和双二体附加系１Ｌｒ＃１＋５Ｌｒ＃１没有杂交信号外,其余的异染色体系与ＰＨｖ６２都有特异杂交信号。据此推测Ｔｈ．ｂｅｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ有可能参予了赖草属物种的形成过程。但是,大赖草的染色体组在进化过程中显然已发生过变异。     

PKC对人mdr1基因转录调控的研究

研究了ＰＫＣα、β１和β２亚型对多药耐药基因ｍｄｒ１转录的调控作用．以ｍｄｒ１基因上游调控序列驱动的虫荧光素酶报告基因表达载体和ＰＫＣ基因表达载体共同转染ＣＯＳ７细胞后,测定虫荧光素酶报告基因表达水平．实验结果表明,ＰＫＣα、β１及β２对ｍｄｒ１基因的转录有下调作用,ＰＭＡ可进一步加强这一作用;在此转染体系中,ＰＫＣ抑制剂ｓｔａｕｒｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｅ也可抑制ｍｄｒ１基因的转录,但在只转染ｍｄｒｌｕｃ的细胞中,ｓｔａｕｒｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｅ对ｍｄｒ１的转录则没有影响,提示ｓｔａｕｒｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｅ仅在ＰＫＣ过量表达的细胞中抑制ｍｄｒ１基因的转录．     

Interactions between su(Hw)-binding regions in neighboring y2 and scD1 alleles hinder trans-activation of the y2 promoter by yellow enhancers located on a homologous chromosome

The phenomenon of transvection has been well characterized for the yellow locus in Drosophila. Enhancers of a promoterless yellow locus in one homologous chromosome can activate the yellow promoter in the other when its own enhancers are blocked by the su(Hw) insulator introduced by the gypsy retrotransposon. Insertion of another gypsy into the neighboring scute locus hinders transvection presumably owing to disruption of chromosomal synapsis between the yellow alleles. We determined the sequences of gypsy required for inhibition of transvection. Two partial revertants of the scD1 mutation were obtained in which transvection between the yellow alleles was restored. Both sc revertants were generated by deletion of nine of the twelve su(Hw)-binding sites of gypsy inserted into the scute locus. This result suggests that the su(Hw) region is required for an interaction between two gypsy elements that disrupts trans activation of the yellow promoter by enhancers located on the homologous chromosome.     

Effect of mutations in the genes su(Hw) and mod(mdg4) on transvection between alleles of the Yellow locus in Drosophila melanogaster]

A typical example of transvection is a complementation between alleles in the yellow locus: y2 (mdg4 insertion inactivating certain y-enhancers) and y1 (deletion of the y-promoter but not of the enhancer). Transvection was explained by trans-activation of promoter in y2-allele by enhancer of y1-allele. Here we found that the mutation mod(mdg4)1u1 in the modifier of mdg4 locus (a regulatory gene controlling, together with suppressor of Hairy wing) expression of (mdg4) completely suppress the complementation. Removal of an acidic domain from su(Hw) protein product in su(Hw)j mutation partially suppress the complementation. We also have found that mod(mdg4)1u1 mutation trans-inactivates the yellow allele with a wild type phenotype (y+2MC) in heterozygote with the y2 allele, i.e. the negative transvection takes place. In this case, deletion removing an acidic domain even in one copy of su(Hw) suppresses the effect of mod(mdg4)1u1 mutation.     

Pairing between gypsy insulators facilitates the enhancer action in trans throughout the Drosophila genome

The Suppressor of the Hairy wing [Su(Hw)] binding region within the gypsy retrotransposon is the best known chromatin insulator in Drosophila melanogaster. According to previous data, two copies of the gypsy insulator inserted between an enhancer and a promoter neutralize each other's actions, which is indicative of an interaction between the protein complexes bound to the insulators. We have investigated the role of pairing between the gypsy insulators located on homologous chromosomes in trans interaction between yellow enhancers and a promoter. It has been shown that trans activation of the yellow promoter strongly depends on the site of the transposon insertion, which is evidence for a role of surrounding chromatin in homologous pairing. The presence of the gypsy insulators in both homologous chromosomes even at a distance of 9 kb downstream from the promoter dramatically improves the trans activation of yellow. Moreover, the gypsy insulators have proved to stabilize trans activation between distantly located enhancers and a promoter. These data suggest that gypsy insulator pairing is involved in communication between loci in the Drosophila genome.