酸水解蚕蛹制备复合氨基酸的研究

采用硫酸水解法,以蚕蛹制取复合氨基酸产品,得到氨基酸态氮分别为９．０５％和１３．４５％的食用复合氨基粉和精制复合氨基酸粉。食用复合氨基酸粉含有１８种氨基酸,其中必需氨基酸含量为３９．２％。食用复合氨基酸粉的制备方法经工厂小批量生产证实,其工艺简单易行,适合于中小企业采用,该产品的质量优良,生产成本低廉,具有市场竞争力。     

鸡羽毛制备复合氨基酸铁铵的研究

本文介绍了以鸡羽毛为原料,采用盐酸水解,经与铁络合、调ＰＨ值制备复合氨基酸铁铵的方法。收率为４４．２％,总铁含量９．６％,游离铁含量０．４２％。废物充分利用,工艺简单易行。     

鸡羽毛制备复合氨基酸铁锭的研究

本文介绍了以鸡羽灵原料,采用盐酸水解,经与铁络合、调ＰＨ值制备复合氨基酸铁铵的方法。收率为４４．２％,部铁含量９．６％,游离铁含量０．４２％。施放的充分利用,工艺简单易行。     

猪血粉制备复合氨基酸工艺研究

本文采用正交试验法优选硫酸水解猪血粉制备复合氨基酸的最佳条件,经中试及工业规模生产证明:复合氨基酸收率平均为53.3％,氨基酸含量为72.7％。     

几种海洋微藻的氨基酸含量

分析测定分属硅藻,绿藻和蓝藻的７种海洋饵料微藻氮和氨基酸含量。氮含量范围为４．０４％～９．８６％,总氨基酸中共测出１７种氨基酸,含量范围为１．２３％～９．７４％。名藻的总氨基酸含量顺序与氮含量相同     

盒子草氨基酸和糖类成分分析

本文通过对盒子草氨基酸和糖类成分分析,结果表明：总氨基酸含量为１１．３３％,其中人体必需氨基酸为４．９１％,碱性氨基酸为１．８３％,中性氨基酸为６．８２％,酸性氨基酸为２．６８％。总糖含量为１３．１３％,其中多糖为５．２９％,低聚糖为４．６８％,还原糖为３．１６％。     

银杏叶中氨基酸的含量测定

本文测定了不同时期采集的银杏树叶中１７种氨基酸的含量。结果表明,银杏叶中水解氨基酸的总含量分别为１５．０９％,１１．８７％,９．９７％,和７．１４％;游离氨基酸的总含量分别为０．７６％,０．２８％。     

虎奶菇深层发酵及氨基酸成份分析

本文采用不同发酵培养基培养３虎奶菇,结果表明,以玉米组成的培养基培养的虎奶甘、菌丝长势相对较好,总干重为０．８６３／１００ｍｌ培养液,且通过氨基酸分析,总氨基酸含量为１１．６８０２％,氨基酸总产量为０．１ｇ／１００ｍｌ培养液,必须氨基酸含量为７．１１６９％,占总氨基酸的６０．９３％,且检出的氨基酸中,以亮氨酸和异亮氨酸含量相对较高。麦芽糖组成的培养基培养的虎奶菇菌丝体总干重为０．６３８ｇ／１００ｍ     

鸡冠花叶蛋白质营养价值的评价研究

应用模糊识别法和氨基酸比值系数法,分别以鸡蛋蛋白南为标准蛋白,以ＷＨＯ／ＦＡＯ氨基酸参考模式为评价标准,对３种鸡冠花叶蛋白质营养价值进行了全面评价,并与１０种常见叶菜蛋白进行对照比较。结果表明,３种鸡冠花叶（干品）蛋白质含量为２３．７％￣２７．４％,蛋白质中氨基酸种类齐全,其含量为８３．４７％￣８６．９４％,必需氨基酸（ＥＡＡ）占总氨基酸量的４０．２％￣４１．７％,第一限制性氨基酸为含硫氨基酸（Ｍ     

隐孔菌的发酵培养及其与野生品氨基酸成分比较

本文采用不同发酵培养基培养隐孔菌,结果表明：玉米粉发酵培养基培养的菌丝个体肥厚,长势好,产量较高。培养物总氨基酸含量低的（玉米粉发酵培养基培养的培养物总氨基酸为１６．０１５％）菌丝比培养物总氨基酸含量高（马铃薯发酵培养基培养的培养物总氨基酸为２６．６５６％）的菌丝反而长势好。两者发酵培养基培养的菌丝总氨基酸分别为１３．７１６％和１９．８３４％,必需氨基酸分别为５．４５６％和７．７２９％,均比野生隐孔菌高     

大杯香菇辐射新株系各类氨基酸的遗传主成分分析

对大杯香菇辐射选育新株系的各类氨基酸总量进行了遗传主成分分析。结果表明,变异系数最大的为硫氨基酸总量,达到13．39％;其次为儿童氨基酸总量,变异系数为7．00％;其它变异系数较小分别为甜味氨基酸总量、芳香族氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量、支链氨基酸总量和鲜味氨基酸总量为5．69％、5．64％、5．19％、5．24％和5．06％;在相关性上,鲜味氨基酸总量与甜味氨基酸总量、支链氨基酸总量、芳香族氨基酸总量、儿童氨基酸总量和必需氨基酸总量是呈极显著和显著的正相关,甜味氨基酸总量与支链氨基酸总量、儿童氨基酸总量和芳香族氨基酸总量呈极显著和显著的正相关,硫氨基酸总量与儿童氨基酸总量呈极显著负相关,与必需氨基酸总量是呈极显著正相关;支链氨基酸总量与芳香族氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量是呈极显著,与儿童氨基酸总量呈显著正相关;芳香族氨基酸总量与儿童氨基酸总量和必需氨基酸总量是呈极显著和显著的正相关;主成分分析结果表明,前4个特征根在7个特征根中累计贡献率达97．14％,也就是前4个主成分对变异的贡献率达96．07％。在各类氨基酸总量指标选择上,首先对变异大的各类氨基酸总量进行选择是及其重要的。在辐射选育新株系选择时,应注意选择大杯香菇中硫氨基酸总量高的新株系。     

Infusion of amino acids decreases the hyperglycaemic effect of per- and postoperative glucose infusion: an experimental study in the rabbit

The effects on blood glucose concentration of 10% glucose with amino acid solution at low (18%) and high (25%) concentration of branched chain amino acids were studied, two days after laparotomy in fasted rabbits. During the whole study period, saline infusion was associated with normoglycaemia. Among the other infusion combinations peroperative infusion of amino acid solution high in branched chain amino acids with 10% glucose was the least hyperglycaemic. An amino acid solution low in branched chain amino acids with 10% glucose had the lowest hyperglycaemic effect 24 hours postoperatively. After 48 hours an infusion of 10% glucose produced the weakest hyperglycaemia. In preoperatively and 24 hours postoperatively 10% glucose was more hyperglycaemic than 10% glucose with the two amino acid solutions. After 24 and 48 hours, infusion of 10% glucose with amino acids high in branched chain amino acids was more hyperglycaemic than 10% glucose with amino acids low in branched chain amino acids.     

Utilization of milk amino acids for body gain in suckling mink (Mustela vison) kits

The efficiency of utilization of milk amino acids for body gain in suckling mink kits from small (n = 3), medium (n = 6) and large litters (n = 9) was investigated by using 36 mink dams and their litters for measurements during lactation weeks 1 through 4. Measurements on each dam and litter were performed once, hence three dams per litter size each week (n = 9). Individual milk intake of kits was determined, milk samples were collected and kits were killed for determination of amino acid composition. The most abundant amino acids in milk were glutamate, leucine and aspartate making up about 40% of total amino acids. Branched chained amino acids made up slightly more than 20% and sulphur containing amino acids less than 5% of total milk amino acids. In kit bodies the sum of glutamate, aspartate and leucine made up about 32% of amino acids, branched chain amino acids about 16% and sulphur containing amino acids about 4%. The amino acid composition of both milk and bodies changed as lactation progressed with decreasing proportions of essential amino acids. The ratio between body and milk amino acids was constantly over 1 only for lysine, suggesting that it was the most limiting amino acid in mink milk. Milk amino acids were efficiently utilized during week 1, ranging from 74.7% (lysine) to 42.1% (leucine), with an average for essential amino acids of 58.4%. Tendencies for improved utilization of lysine (74.7-78.2%), phenylalanine (61.0-70.0%), histidine (62.4-68.8%), arginine (61.3-70.4%) and all essential amino acids (58.4-60.2%) from week 1 to week 2 were recorded. During weeks 3 and 4, the efficiency declined, and for all essential amino acids the average utilization was 38.1% during week 4.     

小碎斑鱼蛉幼虫资源成分分析及价值评价

针对小碎斑鱼蛉Neochauliodes sparsus(Liu et Yang)幼虫,进行了资源成分测定,分析。结果表明:小碎斑鱼蛉幼虫干物质中蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪、糖类及灰分含量分别为67.69%、56.02%、10.4%、1.59%、7.05%,含有18种氨基酸,包括8种人体必需氨基酸,其必需氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的45.32%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸含量的比值为82.89%,第一限制性氨基酸为色氨酸;此外,还含有Ca、P、Fe、Zn等多种矿物质和微量元素。在分析了小碎斑鱼蛉幼虫资源成分的基础上,对其开发利用价值进行了评价。     

洞庭青鲫肌肉营养成分分析及营养价值评定

对2002年在湖南澧县澧水尾闾、洞庭湖区边缘化的封闭型湖泊——北民湖发现的洞庭青鲫(Carassius auratus var.dongtingking)(n=15)的含肉率和肌肉中的生化成分、比能值及氨基酸测定分析。结果表明,洞庭青鲫的含肉率为52.18%;其肌肉生化成分(鲜重百分比)为:水分78.14%,蛋白质18.63%,脂肪1.51%,灰分1.22%,比能值5.09kJ/g及E/P值27.32kJ/g。肌肉中含有17种氨基酸,总量为866.12mg/g(干重比);其中9种人体必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量的48.21%(盐酸水解法);支/芳值达2.81,接近人体正常所需;4种鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的50.39%。根据氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)标准,洞庭青鲫的第一限制因子是甲硫氨酸和胱氨酸,其次是缬氨酸、苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸。即洞庭青鲫氨基酸含量与组成与彭泽鲫(C.a.var.pengze)、异育银鲫(C.a.var.allogynogeneticrp)、萍乡肉红鲫(C.a.var.pingxing red)相比,均存在差异。     

泰和乌骨鸡肌肉氨基酸营养价值的研究

泰和乌骨鸡肌肉含有18种氨基酸,总量为20.63%,其中8种人体必须氨基酸总量为8.30%,4种鲜味氨基酸总量为8.96%。必须氨基酸在总氨基酸中所占的百分比高于WHO/FAO模式,必须氨基酸的构成比例基本符合WHO/FAO标准     

黄粉虫蛹的营养成分分析

采用现代分析技术手段对黄粉虫Tenebrio molitor（L．）蛹的营养成分进行分析,结果表明：其蛋白质、粗脂肪、碳水化合物及灰分含量分别为鲜重的16．8％、7．6％、1．2％、1．4％,其氨基酸和胆固醇含量分别为18.7mg／g和0．4mg／g;含有7种人体必需氨基酸,其必需氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的44．40％,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸含量的比值为79.8％,第一限制性氨基酸为含硫氨基酸,即蛋氨酸和胱氨酸;同时,其不饱和脂肪酸与必需脂肪酸分别占总脂肪的73．9％和24．1％,特别是油酸和亚油酸含量较高,分别达49．8％和23．4％：另外,该昆虫还含有K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn等多种矿物质和微量元素。     

珠子参地上部分氨基酸测定及营养评价

对珠子参茎、叶、花的氨基酸组成与含量进行测定和营养评价分析.结果表明,珠子参茎、叶、花中均含有17种常见氨基酸,氨基酸总量分别为3.73％,14.80％和8.72％;珠子参的茎中必需氨基酸与总氨基酸的比值(E/T)为0.39,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(E/N)为0.64,叶中E/T为0.41,E/N为o.71,花中E/T为0.39,E/N为0.63,氨基酸配比较为合理;珠子参茎、叶、花中蛋氨酸+胱氨酸均为第一限制氨基酸;珠子参茎、叶、花中均含有γ-氨基丁酸,含量分别为0.12％,0.26％和0.16％,叶片中γ-氨基丁酸的含量最高.     

白斑狗鱼含肉率及其营养价值的分析

测定了6尾白斑狗鱼(Esox lucius)的含肉率和营养成分,并与部分淡水优质经济鱼类进行了比较.结果表明:白斑狗鱼含肉率为64.8%,粗蛋白含量和脂肪含量分别为19.1%和1.4%,17种氨基酸总量为17.38%,其中7种必需氨基酸总量为8.14%,鲜味氨基酸总量为6.36%.必需氨基酸总量占氨基酸总量的45.73%,低于鸡蛋蛋白模式,但明显高于WHO/FAO模式.必需氨基酸指数为76.35,根据化学评分计算结果,得出第一限制性氨基酸为缬氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸,第三限制性氨基酸为异亮氨酸.结果提示,白斑狗鱼是一种营养价值较高的鱼类.     

饲养中国大鲵氨基酸组成分析

实验对饲养中国大鲵氨基酸组成成分进行了比较全面的测定与分析,结果表明:饲养中国大鲵肌肉的蛋白质质量分数为164.3 g.kg-1,水解氨基酸总量为160.6 g.kg-1,各种氨基酸组成相当全面,必需氨基酸(EAA)为75.2 g.kg-1,占氨基酸总量的46.82%,符合人体需要量模式的程度相当高,为优质食物蛋白,可与做为参考蛋白的鸡蛋蛋白相媲美。研究同时发现呈味氨基酸总量70.5 g.kg-1,占氨基酸总量的43.90%,为研发味道鲜美的大鲵食品提供了有力的数据。