表达血管内皮生长因子-siRNA及双自杀基因yCDglyTK的联合基因载体构建及其应用研究

构建了新型联合基因载体pcDNA3.1(-)VEGF-siRNA/yCDglyTK,研究其在人胃癌细胞系SGC7901细胞中的表达和杀伤作用.构建靶向血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的干扰质粒pGenesil-VEGF-siRNA,采用PCR法从中扩增siRNA表达框(含U6启动子),亚克隆至双自杀基因载体pcDNA3.1(-)CV-yCDglyTK,构建联合基因质粒pcDNA3.1(-)VEGF-siRNA/yCDglyTK;通过酶切、测序等鉴定重组质粒;以磷酸钙纳米颗粒为载体,将干扰质粒、双自杀基因质粒及联合基因质粒转染SGC7901细胞,RT-PCR、Western-blot验证目的基因表达;MTT法检测转染细胞对5-氟胞嘧啶(5-FC)的敏感性.结果表明:酶切及测序证实联合基因载体pcDNA3.1(-)VEGF-siRNA/yCDglyTK构建成功;SGC7901细胞转染联合基因质粒后,RT-PCR、Western-blot证实融合自杀基因表达,而VEGF基因表达下调;在前体药物5-FC作用下,转染联合基因组细胞存活率最低,与其他组比较有统计学差异.成功构建联合基因载体pcDNA3.1(-)VEGF-si...     

人类VIM基因的克隆和真核表达载体的构建

目的:构建VIM(Vimentin)基因的真核表达载体,以深入研究VIM的功能及其在相关疾病中的作用.方法:从人cDNA文库中,以RT-PCR方法扩增出1401bp的VIM编码区片段,胶回收后连接入T.载体,测序鉴定.再用Hind Ⅲ和BamHI双酶切,将VIM编码区片段定向克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1中,酶切鉴定重组质粒.将重组质粒转染NIH3T3细胞,分别以RT-PCR和Western Blot方法检测VIM的mRNA表达和蛋白表达.结果:将人VIM编码区基因成功克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1中;继而转染NIH3T3细胞后,RT-PCR和Western Blot结果显示细胞可以表达VIM的mRNA和蛋白.结论:成功构建pcDNA3.1-VIM的真核表达载体,为进一步研究VIM基因的功能以及其在相关疾病中的作用奠定了基础.     

Rhox5基因真核表达质粒的构建及其在NIH3T3细胞中的稳定表达

目的:构建同源异性框基因Rhox5的真核表达质粒,转染NIH3T3细胞,建立稳定过表达Rhox5的细胞系。方法:PCR方法扩增Rhox5的全长cDNA序列,PCR产物双酶切后和人工合成的HA抗原表位标签共同克隆至pcDNA3.1(-)哺乳动物细胞表达载体中,构建pcDNA-Rhox5-HA融合表达质粒。脂质体法将经过测序成功的pcDNA-Rhox5-HA融合质粒和pcDNA3.1空载体分别转染NIH3T3细胞,潮霉素B筛选后建立阴性对照pcDNA3.1 in NIH3T3和稳定过表达Rhox5的Rhox5-HA in NIH3T3细胞系。RT-PCR和western blotting方法检测Rhox5-HA在稳定转染细胞系中的表达情况。结果:成功构建了pcDNA-Rhox5-Myc重组质粒,获得稳定过表达Rhox5的NIH3T3细胞系。RT-PCR和Western blotting结果表明,构建的稳定细胞系中成功表达Rhox5-HA融合蛋白。结论:Rhox5基因真核表达质粒的构建及其在NIH3T3细胞中的稳定表达为进一步体外研究Rhox5蛋白单独的功能及其与其他分子间功能性相互作用奠定了实验基础。     

pcDNA3.1-Canstatin-3Flag真核表达载体的构建及转染HepG2细胞中的表达

目的:构建pcDNA3.1-Canstatin-3Flag载体并稳定转染肝癌HepG2细胞,检测canstatin在mRNA水平的表达。方法:胎盘中提取总RNA,RT-PCR法获得canstatinDNA,克隆至pcDNA3.1(-)载体中,并测序,重组质粒pcDNA3.1-Canstatin-3Flag转染肝癌HepG2细胞,G418筛选出稳定转染细胞,RT-PCR检测canstatin mRNA表达。结果:1.成功构建出pcDNA3.1-Canstatin-3Flag重组质粒;2.获得稳定转染pcDNA3.1-Canstatin-3Flag的肝癌HepG2细胞;3.发现转染后的肝癌HepG2细胞canstatin在mRNA水平比未转染细胞有明显的增强。结论:获得了稳定转染pcDNA3.1-Canstatin-3Flag的肝癌HepG2细胞,为后期canstatin在肝癌中的研究提供了支持。     

MMP-7基因真核表达载体的构建及其在HeLa细胞中的表达与鉴定

目的：构建MMP-7基因真核重组质粒,检测并鉴定MMP-7在人宫颈癌HeLa细胞中的表达。方法：提取宫颈癌组织总RNA,通过基因克隆构建MMP-7基因真核表达重组质粒pcDNA3.1（＋）/MMP-7,酶切、PCR及基因测序鉴定,用阳离子脂质体介导采用基因转染技术转染人宫颈癌Hela细胞,RT-PCR检测外源基因的表达、间接免疫荧光法检测对表达产物进行鉴定。结果：成功构建了重组表达质粒pcDNA3.1（＋）/MMP-7并转染了人宫颈癌Hela细胞,通过RT-PCR可以检测到MMP-7 mRNA在Hela细胞中的表达,经间接免疫荧光反应可检测到明显的阳性反应,而转染空载体组表达阴性。结论：构建的重组质粒pcDNA3.1（＋）/MMP-7能在Hela细胞中表达,为该蛋白在人子宫癌后续的功能研究奠定了基础。     

病毒负性调节因子在内皮细胞稳定表达细胞株的建立

建立HIV-1的调节基因Nef基因在内皮细胞稳定表达的细胞株ECV304-Nef,为研究Nef对血管内皮细胞生物学活性的影响奠定试验基础。构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)-Nef,将其质粒和pcDNA3.1(+)质粒(阴性对照)分别转染血管内皮细胞ECV304,G418筛选。通过RT-PCR检测NefmRNA在细胞中的表达;细胞免疫荧光法检测Nef蛋白的表达及定位;Western blotting检测Nef蛋白的特异性表达,获得稳定表达的细胞株。构建的重组质粒pcDNA3.1(+)-Nef经BamHI和EcoRI双酶切鉴定,得到的片段大小与理论值相符,分别为载体的5400bp和目的基因的621bp。测序结果显示碱基序列与GenBank(登录号:K03455)序列相同。转染细胞经G418筛选后获得稳定表达Nef的ECV304细胞株,RT-PCR显示转染pcD-NA3.1(+)-Nef质粒的ECV304细胞出现621bp条带,对照组无目的条带出现;荧光显微镜下观察转染pcDNA3.1(+)-Nef质粒的ECV304细胞表达的Nef蛋白主要定位于细胞质中。Western blotting结果显示,转染pcDNA3.1(+)-Nef质粒的ECV304细胞约27kD处检测到目的条带,表明pcDNA3.1(+)-Nef表达正确。     

hAng-1真核表达载体的构建及其在MSCs中的表达

目的:通过基因重组技术,构建人血管生成素-1(human angiopoietin 1,hAng-1)真核表达载体体系,并将其转染至大鼠的骨髓间充质干细胞(marrow mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)内进行培养,进而验证hAng-1的表达.方法:将hAng-1编码序列(互补脱氧核糖核酸)通过酶切,插入至pcDNA3.1(+)质粒的多克隆位点,构建质粒pcDNA 3.1 (+)/hAng-1真核表达质粒;重组质粒经脂质体介导转染鼠MSCs.应用逆转录聚合酶联反应(RT-PCR)、蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)等方法检测hAng-1的表达情况.结果:pcDNA 3.1 (+)/hAng-1真核表达质粒转染鼠MSCs后,应用流式细胞仪检测,转染效率约为15％.同时应用RT-PCR能够检测出目的基因mRNA,Western blot能够检出hAng-1的蛋白表达.结论:本实验通过基因重组技术,构建的pcDNA3.1 (+)/hAng-1真核表达载体能够在转染的鼠MSCs中表达,且表达较为持续,为hAng-1基因应用于基因治疗的研究奠定了基础.     

沙眼衣原体真核表达质粒pcDNA4/CT703的构建及其表达

目的：构建含沙眼衣原体（Chlamydia trachomatis, Ct）基因CT703的真核重组表达质粒pcDNA4/CT703,并检测其在HeLa细胞中的表达.方法：利用RT-PCR扩增CT703基因,然后将其亚克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA4,PCR、双酶切和测序检测重组质粒.将正确的重组质粒瞬时转染HeLa细胞,免疫荧光和Western Blot实验检测重组质粒目的蛋白表达. 结果：经PCR、双酶切和测序鉴定后,成功构建了真核重组表达质粒pcDNA4/CT703,将其转染HeLa细胞后,免疫荧光和Western Blot实验能检测到目的蛋白的表达.结论：成功构建了重组质粒pcDNA4/CT703,并能在HeLa细胞中表达,为进一步研究CT703的功能奠定了基础.     

小鼠EVL 基因的克隆和真核表达载体的构建

目的:构建小鼠EVL(Ena/VASP like)基因的真核表达载体,为深入研究EVL的功能奠定基础.方法:采用PCR方法,从小鼠cDNA文库中,扩增出1245bp的EVL编码区片段,经电泳、胶回收后连接入pMD- 18T载体中,测序鉴定正确.用BamHI和HincⅡ双酶切,定向克隆EVL编码区片段到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1中,用限制性内切酶酶切鉴定重组质粒正确后.将重组质粒转染入HELA细胞中,以RT-PCR检测EVL的mRNA的表达,以Western Blot检测EVL蛋白的表达.结果:酶切鉴定结果显示小鼠EVL编码区基因被成功克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1中;RT-PCR和Western Blot结果以及免疫荧光染色显示Hela细胞中有EVL的mRNA和蛋白的表达.结论:成功获得pcDNA3.1 -EVL的真核表达载体,为进一步深入研究EVL蛋白的功能奠定了基础.     

尘螨变应原Der f1 真核表达载体的构建及转染CHO 细胞

目的:构建尘螨变应原Der f1真核表达载体,转染真核细胞并进行蛋白表达.方法:根据Genebank中Der f1基因的核酸序列(AB034946),设计引物,采用PCR法,从保存的JM109工程菌中扩增Der f1编码基因,克隆到真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/myc-hisA上,以脂质体法转染CHO细胞,经G418筛选,进行稳定表达细胞株的筛选和鉴定.结果:将目的基因Der f1成功连接到pcDNA3.1/myc-hisA-Derf1并转染CHO细胞,获得稳定表达的CHO细胞株.结论:成功构建了尘螨变应原Der f1真核表达载体,并转染CHO细胞表达蛋白质.     

FHIT基因在宫颈癌细胞中的表达及其甲基化调控

目的：分析FHIT基因在宫颈癌细胞中表达情况以及甲基化的调控情况。方法：对RJC-1、SiHa、CS1213以及C4-1细胞进行培养,提取这些细胞的DNA并经过亚硫酸氢盐修饰,进行PCR反应和产物的检测。分析FHIT基因在宫颈癌细胞中表达情况以及甲基化的调控情况。结果：RJC-1、CS1213细胞仅有甲基化引物扩增出了目的条带,为完全甲基化状态。其他细胞则是甲基特异性引物与非甲基特异性引物共同扩增出73bp的目的条带,其状态为甲基化杂合性。通过5-aza-CdR处理细胞后,通过实时定量PCR检测FHIT mRNA的表达,显示处理后各种细胞中的FHIT mRNA的表达升高。结论：FHIT基因的甲基化是其表达下调的重要机制之一,是临床研究宫颈癌细胞的重要方向之一。     

抑癌基因WWOX和FHIT在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨抑癌基因包含WW域的氧化还原酶(WWOX)和脆性组氨酸三联体(FHIT)在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的表达及临床意义。方法收集武汉大学人民医院病理科2006-2009年有完整临床和病理资料的膀胱尿路上皮癌存档蜡块50例和5例癌旁组织,采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测50例膀胱尿路上皮癌和5例癌旁组织中WWOX和FHIT的表达水平。采用HPIAS-1000高清晰度彩色病理图文报告管理系统,对WWOX和FHIT的表达进行定量分析,并用SPSS13.0软件对各组免疫组织化学反应阳性颗粒的平均光密度、阳性面积率做单因素方差分析和SNK(q)检验。结果 WWOX和FHIT的表达在膀胱尿路上皮癌中呈低表达,癌旁组织中呈高表达。膀胱尿路上皮癌与癌旁组织相比,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 WWOX和FHIT在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的低表达是膀胱尿路上皮癌发生过程中的早期表现,通过联合检测可预测膀胱尿路上皮癌的预后。     

Pathology and biology associated with the fragile FHIT gene and gene product

More than 12 years and >800 scientific publications after the discovery of the first gene at a chromosome fragile site, the FHIT gene at FRA3B, there are still questions to pursue concerning the selective advantage conferred to cells by loss of expression of FHIT, the most frequent target of allele deletion in precancerous lesions and cancers. These questions are considered in light of recent investigations of genetic and epigenetic alterations to the locus and in a retrospective consideration of biological roles of the Fhit protein discovered through functional studies. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 858–865, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Influence of a nonfragile FHIT transgene on murine tumor susceptibility

FHIT, at a constitutively active chromosome fragile site, is often a target of chromosomal aberrations and deletion in a large fraction of human tumors. Inactivation of murine Fhit allelessignificantly increases susceptibility of mice to spontaneous and carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis. In this study, transgenic mice, carrying a human FHIT cDNA under control of the endogenous promoter, were produced to determine the effect of Fhit expression, from a nonfragile cDNA transgene outside the fragile region, on carcinogen-induced tumor susceptibility of wildtype and Fhit heterozygous mice. Mice received sufficient oral doses of N-nitrosomethybenzylamine (NMBA) to cause forestomach tumors in >80% of nontransgenic control mice. Although the level of expression of the FHIT transgene in the recombinant mouse strains was much lower than the level of endogenous Fhit expression, the tumor burden in NMBA-treated male transgenic mice was significantly reduced, while female transgenic mice were not protected. To determine if the difference in protection could be due to differences in epigenetic changes at the transgene loci in male versus female mice, we examined expression, hypermethylation and induced re-expression of FHIT transgenes in male and female mice or cells derived from them. The transgene was methylated in male and female mice and in cell lines established from male and female transgenic kidneys, the FHIT locus was both hypermethylated and deacetylated. It is likely that the FHIT transgene is more tightly silenced in female transgenic mice, leading to a lack of protection from tumor induction.     

肺癌脆性组氨酸三联体基因表达及其与细胞增殖的关系

目的探讨脆性组氨酸三联体基因(FHIT)在肺癌中表达及其与肺癌细胞增殖的相关性.方法利用组织芯片和免疫组织化学技术,检测110例肺癌及25例良性病变的肺组织标本FHIT蛋白及Ki-67、P53、P21WAF1蛋白表达.结果 (1)良性病变的肺组织FHIT基因异常表达率为16%, 肺癌组织异常表达率为85.5%,二者比较,差异有极显著性(χ2=49.390,P=0.000) ;(2)细胞增殖指数(proliferation index , PI)不同的肺癌组织中,FHIT基因表达差异有极显著性(χ2=30.145,P=0.000),且FHIT基因表达与PI负相关(r=-0.0418,P=0.000);(3)在P53表达阴性的肺癌组织中, P21WAF1阴性组与P21WAF1阳性组比较,FHIT的表达差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.125,P=0.248).结论 FHIT基因可能参与肿瘤细胞增殖的调控,FHIT基因表达下降可能与肺癌的发生密切相关.     

FHIT：一个将脆弱位点与肿瘤相联系的抑癌基因

ＦＨＩＴ位于３ｐ１４．２区域,此区域内有脆弱位点ＦＲＡ３Ｂ。ＦＨＩＴ编码一个与酵母ＡＰＨ１有６９％同源性,可能具有水解Ａｐ４Ａ功能的蛋白南。ＦＨＩＴ在多种肿瘤中,包括食道癌、胃癌、结肠癌、肺癌及乳腺癌,存在多种类型的高比例缺失突变。ＦＨＩＴ是第一个将脆弱位点与肿瘤相联系的抑癌基因。     

The Promoter Hypermethylation Status of GATA6, MGMT, and FHIT in Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and lethal cancer, accounting for the majority of primary brain tumors in adults. GBMs are characterized by large and small alterations in genes that control cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and invasion. Epigenetic alterations also affect the expression of cancer genes, either alone or in combination with genetic mechanisms. The current evidence suggests that hypermethylation of promoter CpG islands is a common epigenetic event in a variety of human cancers. A subset of GBMs is also characterized by a locus-specific and genome-wide decrease in DNA methylation. Epigenetic alterations are important in the molecular pathology of GBM. However, there are very limited data about these epigenetic alterations in GBM. Alterations in promoter methylations are important to understand because histone deacetylases are targets for drugs that are in clinical trial for GBMs. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether the promoter hypermethylation of putative tumor suppressor genes was involved in GBM. We examined the methylation status at the promoter regions of GATA6, MGMT, and FHIT using the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in 61 primary GBMs. Our results reveal that there is no promoter hypermethylation of FHIT in the examined GBM tissue specimens. In contrast, the promoter hypermethylation of GATA6 and MGMT was detected in 42.8 and 11.11% of GBMs, respectively. The frequency of MGMT promoter hypermethylation was low in the group of patients we evaluated. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that promoter hypermethylation of MGMT is a common event in GBMs, whereas GATA6 is epigenetically affected in GBMs. Furthermore, inactivation of FHIT by epigenetic mechanisms in GBM may not be associated with brain tumorigenesis.     

Molecular genetic alterations of FHIT and p53 genes in benign and malignant thyroid gland lesions

Several oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes are involved either as early or late event in thyroid gland carcinogenesis. Human FHIT (fragile histidine triad) gene is highly conserved gene whose loss of function may be important in the development and/or progression of various types of cancer. We undertook this study to analyze FHIT and p53 gene status in different benignant and malignant thyroid tumors. Status of these genes as well as intensity of apoptosis was analyzed in tumor tissues by molecular genetic methods, immunohistochemistry, and FACS-scan analysis. The majority of the malignant thyroid cancers displayed aberrant expression of FHIT gene, concominant with p53 gene inactivation. This is followed by low rate of apoptosis, which may be important in the development and/or progression of thyroid cancer. We found higher incidence of p53 mutation and aberrant processing of FHIT mRNA in malignant tumors (papillary, follicular, medullary and anaplastic carcinomas) and in those tumors with distant metastasis. The growth of p53(-)/FHIT(-) follicular carcinoma of human origin was much faster in nude mice than p53(+)/FHIT(+) follicular carcinoma, and mice had shorter survival rate. Our results show a correlation between aberrant FHIT and p53 expression, low rate of apoptosis, and malignancy. Concomitant aberration of FHIT gene and p53 could be responsible for development of highly malignant types of thyroid cancer and may be considered as a prognostic marker for these tumors.