金花茶查尔酮合成酶基因CnCHS的克隆及遗传转化研究

根据已发表的金花茶查尔酮合成酶(chalcone synthase,CHS)基因(CnCHS)序列设计全长扩增引物,以金花茶花瓣总cDNA为模板进行PCR扩增,成功获得了该基因cDNA全长。将扩增所得全长产物连接PMD18-T载体后转化大肠杆菌E.coli DH5α,提取质粒后经酶切、测序鉴定后,将其与双元表达载体pCAMBIA1300连接,成功构建了CnCHS基因的正义表达载体pCAM-CnCHS。将该重组表达载体转化农杆菌EHA105后,利用农杆菌介导法将CnCHS基因转入烟草,获得转基因烟草18株。利用PCR法及Southern blotting对所获得的转基因植株进行鉴定,结果显示CnCHS基因成功整合到烟草基因组中,阳性率达67%,并获得了单拷贝转基因植株。这些结果表明本研究成功构建了金花茶CnCHS基因对烟草的遗传转化体系,为深入研究CnCHS基因的功能及其对花色的调控效应奠定了基础。     

六棱大麦HVA1基因在烟草中遗传转化的研究

本研究依据HVA1基因序列克隆六棱大麦HVA1基因cDNA片段,构建Ubiquitin启动子驱动下的植物表达载体pCAMBIA1300-HVA1。然后通过三亲杂交法将重组质粒PCAMBIA1300-HVA1转入农杆菌LBA4404,并采用农杆菌介导法转化烟草。经PCR,PCR-Southern blotting和RT-PCR检测表明HVA1基因已整合进烟草基因组,并在转录水平上获得表达。功能验证的结果显示,转基因植株叶片的保水率提高了近1倍,暗示转基因烟草具有一定的抗旱潜力。     

根癌农杆菌介导的乙肝表面抗原基因对烟草的转化

构建了植物表达载体pBRSAg,该载体具有完整的植物表达元件,CaMV35S启动子、农杆菌T-DNA左右边界、植物报告基因gus和植物选择标记基因hpt,适用于农杆菌的转化;通过冻融法将重组质粒pBRSAg转入根癌农杆菌LBA4404中,利用农杆菌介导法转化烟草叶盘,经筛选培养获得烟草植株。抗性植株经GUS染色和PCR检测为阳性,初步表明乙肝表面抗原基因在烟草中得到表达。     

利用双T-DNA载体系统培育无选择标记转基因烟草

建立了一种利用双T-DNA载体培育无选择标记转基因植物的方法.通过体外重组构建了双T-DNA双元载体pDLBRBbarm.载体中,选择标记nptⅡ基因和另一代表外源基因的bar基因分别位于2个独立的T-DNA.利用农杆菌介导转化烟草(Nicotiana tabacum L.),在获得的转化植株中,同时整合有nptⅡ基因和bar基因的频率为59.2%.对4个同时整合有nptⅡ和bar基因植株自交获得的T1代株系进行检测分析,发现在3个T1代株系2个T-DNA可以发生分离,其中约19.5%的转基因T1代植株中只存在bar基因而不带选择标记nptⅡ.这一结果说明双T-DNA载体系统能有效地用于培育无选择标记的转基因植物.研究还利用位于2个不同载体上的nptⅡ基因与 bar基因通过农杆菌介导共转化烟草,获得共转化植株的频率为20.0%～47.4%,低于使用双T-DNA转化的共转化频率.     

基因枪在水稻遗传转化中的应用及其转化技术的优化

1983年Zambryski等人用根瘤农杆菌介导法进行烟草基因转移,获得了世界上首例转基因植株.随后,应用DNA直接导入技术如电击法(electroporation)和PEG介导法(PEG—mediated)成功地获得了转基因水稻植株.近年来,随着基因枪技术的建立和发展,水稻遗传转化成功的报道逐年增多.目前基因枪技术在植物遗传转化中的应用超过了根瘤农杆菌介导和其它转化方法的应用.这是因为基因枪转化技术不受植物种类的限制,不需要以原生质体作为转化的受体,可以将外源基因直接导入细胞、组织或器官,因而克服了根瘤农杆菌     

外源突变基因AGM3过表达对烟草开花的抑制和花器官发育的影响

为了解AGM3基因在异源植物中对开花及花器官发育的影响,采用农杆菌介导法将dominant negative mutation(DNM)结构基因35S-AGM3-E9导入烟草(Nicotiana tabacum),经PCR和Southern检测获得了一批阳性转化植株.荧光定量分析结果显示,AGM3在各个转基因株系中均有...     

美洲商陆抗真菌蛋白转化烟草的研究和抗病性检测

本研究为美洲商陆抗病毒蛋白(PaAFP)基因首次对植物遗传转化的研究,转入烟草中研究此蛋白对烟草立枯病的抗性。从美洲商陆叶片中获得美洲商陆抗真菌蛋白前体蛋白基因cDNA序列,构建植物表达载体pCAMBIA1300-PaAFP,通过三亲杂交法将其导入根癌农杆菌LBA4404受体菌,转染烟草获得了大量再生转基因植株。PCR、Southern杂交、RT-PCR以及Tris-Tricine-SDS-PAGE检测结果表明目的基因已经整合到烟草基因组中,并且已经得到转译。转基因植株苗期抗立枯病试验表明,转基因烟草植株对立枯丝核菌表现出了抗性。     

转石蒜凝集素基因烟草的抗蚜虫性

利用农杆菌介导法将质粒pBILRA转化烟草(Nicotianatabacum L.),该质粒含有由花椰菜花叶病毒35S启动子(CaMV35S)引导的筛选基因新霉素磷酸转移酶基因(nptⅡ)及石蒜凝集素基因(lra).通过卡那霉素筛选获得了25株独立转基因烟草植株.Western blot分析表明,石蒜凝集素蛋白在不同转基因植株中表达量不同.对转基因T1代植株的遗传分析表明,lra基因在大多数独立转基因植株后代中以孟德尔3:1的分离比方式遗传.抗虫试验表明,表达较高水平石蒜凝集素蛋白的转基因烟草对桃蚜种群的生长具有明显的抑制作用.首次报道了表达石蒜凝集素基因的烟草对蚜虫具有抗性.石蒜凝集素基因可用于植物抗虫基因工程研究及应用.     

信号肽序列修饰的PAP cDNA克隆及高频率转基因烟草的获得

通过RT-PCR从美洲商陆叶片中获得PAPN端氨基酸修饰的cDNA克隆PAP-sp1。构建携带PAP-sp1的植物转化载体pBPAP,利用农杆菌介导将PAP-sp1导入烟草品种K326叶片细胞,通过抗性筛选、组织化学和PCR鉴定获得了转基因烟草植株,按形成转基因不定芽的外植体数统计,烟草K326的转化率高达8.1%。攻毒实验表明,与对照植株相比,转基因烟草株系发病推迟,感病程度较低,开花结果提早。     

农杆菌介导的大麦Mlo反义基因转化小麦获得抗白粉病后代

从大麦‘斯特林’幼叶总RNA中分离Mlo基因cDNA完整编码区,反向连接到植物双元载体（pBI-121.2）35S启动子下游,通过农杆菌介导的苗端转化法获得两种小麦基因型（‘烟优2801’和‘烟优361’）的转基因小麦。T0代405株中有55株PCR检测阳性,平均转化率达到13.58%,T0和T1基因组DNA Southern杂交可以证明大麦Mlo基因片段已整合到小麦基因组中并可传递到后代。两种基因型的转基因小麦T0和T1植株在温室及大田中均表现出对白粉病抗性的提高。农杆菌介导的苗端转化法可以简单、快速、高效地获得转基因株系;排除体细胞变异对转基因植株的影响;克服基因型对农杆菌转化的限制,是小麦遗传转化的一种实用方法。     

褪黑素合成酶基因转化烟草及转化植株抗氧化系统变化

通过根癌农杆菌(含植物表达载体YXu55)介导的转化技术,将褪黑素生物合成酶-芳烷基胺N-乙酰转移酶(Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase,AANAT)与羟基吲哚O-甲基转移酶(Hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase,HIOMT)基因导入到烟草(秦烟95)中。对所获得的庆大霉素抗性烟草株系进行Southern blotting和RT-PCR分子生物学检测,结果表明,AANAT-HIOMT基因已成功地整合到烟草基因组中,并且可以在mRNA水平上进行转录。用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定转化株系的褪黑素含量表明,转AANAT-HIOMT基因烟草株系的褪黑素含量均明显高于pZP122(不含AANAT和HIOMT基因的空白质粒)转基因株系和未转基因的对照植株,证明AANAT-HIOMT基因在转基因植株中的表达增强了褪黑素的合成能力。对不同株系抗氧化系统的部分指标进行了测定,并与其亲本对照植株比较,发现AANAT-HIOMT基因在转基因植物中的表达引起超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性增加,谷胱甘肽(GSH)浓度...     

人干扰素α-2b 基因在烟草中的表达研究

应用PCR的技术从质粒pAIFN中扩增人干扰素α-2b（Human interferon α-2b,HuIFN α-2b）编码基因,将其连接到pBI121双元载体构建植物真核表达载体pBIFN;用冻融法将该载体转染根癌农杆菌LBA4404;并用叶盘浸染法转化烟草叶片,经转化的烟草叶片的组织培养,诱导愈伤获得再生植株。通过应用PCR,RT-PCR,Wes-tern blot和WISH/VSV方法检测获得的烟草再生植株,结果表明HuIFN α-2b基因已成功整合进烟草核基因组并表达出具有活性的HuIFN α-2b蛋白。本文对HuIFN α-2b基因在烟草核系统中的表达进行了研究,为进一步在烟草叶绿体系统中该基因的表达研究奠定了基础。     

人干扰素α-2b基因在烟草中的表达研究

应用PCR的技术从质粒pAIFN中扩增人干扰素α-2b(Human interferon α-2b,HuIFN α-2b)编码基因,将其连接到pBI121双元载体构建植物真核表达载体pBIFN;用冻融法将该载体转染根癌农杆菌LBA4404;并用叶盘浸染法转化烟草叶片,经转化的烟草叶片的组织培养,诱导愈伤获得再生植株。通过应用PCR,RT-PCR,Wes-tern blot和WISH/VSV方法检测获得的烟草再生植株,结果表明HuIFN α-2b基因已成功整合进烟草核基因组并表达出具有活性的HuIFN α-2b蛋白。本文对HuIFN α-2b基因在烟草核系统中的表达进行了研究,为进一步在烟草叶绿体系统中该基因的表达研究奠定了基础。     

Human Defensin-1 (HNP-1) Expression in Tobacco: A Preliminary Observation on Anti-TMV Activity of the Transgenic Tobacco Plants

Human defensin-1 (human neutrophil peptide-1, HNP-1) is one of the small peptides found recently in human neutrophils with high antimicrobial activity of broad spectra. In this work, HNP-1 plant expression vectors with different promoter, with prepropiece and without the pre- and most part of propiece of HNP-1 cDNA have been constructed, and a serial of agrobacteria have been reconstructed using these vectors by tri-gameting. Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L. ) leaf discs were infected with these reconstructed agrobacteria and plants regenerated after about 1 month. Southern blotting analysis showed that HNP-1 cDNA had been integrated in tobacco genome, but ELISA analysis indicated that only transgenic plants infected with agrobacteria contained HNP-1 expression vectors with an improved CaMV 35S promoter and without pre- and most part of the propiece of HNP-1 cDNA can express HNP-1 at Iow level. Information from electron microscopic observation and external feature of the plants showed that these plants had the ability to defend plants from TMV infection at a certain concentration (0.2 to 0.8 mg/L). It was concluded that it was a prerequisite to introduce an efficient promoter to an expression vector for an effective expression of a foreign cDNA, and it was necessary to delete the pre- and most part of the propiece of an animal cDNA for its expression in plants. Furthermore, HNP-1 cDNA transferring into plants could create a novel method to produce antipathogenic crops.     

Expression of bioactive human M-CSF soluble receptor in transgenic tobacco plants

The cDNA encoding N-terminal three immunoglobin-like domains of human M-CSFR was linked to His-tag and endoplasmic reticulum retention sequence (KDEL) before being inserted into the genome of tobacco plant, Nicotiana tabacum cv. NC-89, by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. The insertion and expression of target gene were confirmed by PCR, ELISA, and Western blot. The recombinant M-CSFsR reached a maximum expression level of 1.92% of total soluble protein in transgenic tobacco plant leaf tissues. The recombinant M-CSFsR could be purified through a one-step IMAC process and its bioactivity was confirmed by the inhibition of colony formation of J6-1 cells. The results suggested that we successfully expressed a high level of bioactive human M-CSFsR in tobacco plants.     

人防御素—1转基因烟草的获得及其抗TMV的初步观察

人中性粒细胞防御素是一类具有广谱杀伤病原微生物活力的小分子多肽,有作者设想将其导入作物用于抗病育种。我们前期的工作通过RT-PCR建立了人中性粒细胞防御素-1(HNP-1)的cDNA克隆;接着通过农杆菌介导的方法,将HNP-1 cDNA片段导入烟草,尝试了HNP-1在烟草植株水平的表达,并初步证明获得的转基因烟草对低浓度烟草花叶病毒(TMV)侵染有一定抵抗力。     

Transient expression of HPV16 E7 peptide (aa 44-60) and HPV16 L2 peptide (aa 108-120) on chimeric potyvirus-like particles using Potato virus X-based vector

The optimized expression of recombinant Potato virus A coat protein (ACP) carrying two different epitopes from Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) was developed. Epitope derived from minor capsid protein L2 was expressed as N-terminal fusion with ACP while an epitope derived from E7 oncoprotein was fused to its C-terminus. The construct was cloned into Potato X potexvirus (PVX) based vector and transiently expressed in plants using Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated inoculation. To increase the level of expressed protein the transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing Potato virus A HC-Pro gene and transgenic Nicotiana tabacum, cv. Petit Havana SR1 carrying Potato virus A P3 protein gene were tested. Synergistic infection of host plants with PVX carrying the construct and Potato virus Y(O) (PVY(O)) increased the expression of L2ACPE7 in N. tabacum and in transgenic N. benthamiana carrying potyviral HC-Pro gene as compared to control plants infected with L2ACPE7 only.     

Molecular characterization of fatty acid alpha-hydroperoxide-forming enzyme (alpha-oxygenase) in rice plants

Genes encoding an alpha-oxygenase, in Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis thaliana, have been recently isolated. However, the reaction mechanism of the enzyme has not so far been elucidated. In this study, a cDNA encoding the fatty acid alpha-oxygenase gene in rice plants was isolated. The deduced amino acid sequence showed high similarity (63.6%) to that of N. tabacum. The gene was cloned into an expression vector system, pQE-30, and expressed in Escherichia coli as a host cell. Palmitic acid as a substrate was incubated with the lysate of the cells, and the products were analysed by HPLC. A compound formed predominantly by the recombinant enzyme was shown to be n-pentadecanal. By incubating the mixture at 0 degrees C, 2-hydroperoxypalmitic acid was detected as a primary product and little formation of n-pentadecanal was detected. Furthermore, uptake of molecular oxygen was observed with an oxygen electrode. This indicated that the gene in rice plants encodes the alpha-oxygenase.     

石蒜儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶基因克隆与原核表达

采用同源克隆与RACE相结合的方法,首次从石蒜叶片中克隆到可能与加兰他敏生物合成相关的儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶基因,命名为LrCOMT。核酸序列分析显示,该cDNA全长1 246bp,开放阅读框1 101bp,编码366氨基酸。氨基酸序列分析与比对发现,LrCOMT编码的氨基酸序列具有COMT蛋白的特征区域,且与鸢尾、玉米、烟草等植物COMT的同源性大于60%。将LrCOMT基因连接到原核表达载体pET-29a上,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)的原核表达结果显示,重组蛋白受IPTG诱导表达,分子量大小约为40kD,与已报道的其他植物COMT大小基本一致。