抗麻痹性贝毒素GTX2,3单克隆抗体的制备及特性分析

制备抗麻痹性贝毒GTX2,3单克隆抗体。利用醛化法将GTX2,3与载体牛血清白蛋白(BSA)偶联,制备完全抗原。免疫小鼠,取小鼠脾细胞与Sp2/0细胞融合。GTX2,3与钥孔血蓝蛋白(KLH)偶联作为检测抗原,用间接ELISA法筛选阳性克隆株。将筛选的阳性细胞株制备腹水。获得三株稳定分泌抗GTX2,3单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株F4、F10、G9。间接ELISA法检测F10细胞株腹水抗体效价为1.4×10^-5。半抗原GTX2,3与载体蛋白偶联后,作为免疫原,可制备高滴度的抗GTX2,3抗血清和单克隆抗体。该抗体对于藻毒素具有高特异性和高亲和力,可用于污染海产品的麻痹性贝毒的检测。     

鸡传染性贫血病毒VP3蛋白单克隆抗体的制备

以原核表达的鸡传染性贫血病毒(CIAV)VP3蛋白作为免疫原,免疫BALB/c小鼠,三次免疫后,取免疫小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,融合阳性细胞用间接ELISA方法检测,阳性细胞株经三代克隆纯化后,获得三株能稳定分泌抗CIAV VP3蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为AG2、BC11、FG1。三株杂交瘤细胞株产生的细胞培养液上清和小鼠腹水的ELISA效价分别为2.5ⅹ102、1.5ⅹ102、1ⅹ102和2ⅹ106、1ⅹ106、2.5ⅹ105。与其它禽类病毒的交叉实验表明：这三株单抗具有良好的抗CIAV VP3蛋白特异性。该特异性单克隆抗体的研制成功为进一步研究VP3的生物学特性打下了基础。     

人IL-35单克隆抗体制备及其在定量ELISA检测方法中的应用

为了建立人白细胞介素-35 (IL-35)的定量ELISA检测方法,RT-PCR克隆了人IL-35的IL-27EBI3亚基和IL-12p35亚基的编码基因,在大肠杆菌中实现了2个亚基的高效表达。以大肠杆菌表达的IL-27EBI3和IL-12p35重组蛋白作为免疫原,免疫BaLb/c小鼠,选取阳性血清小鼠的脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤SP2/0细胞融合,用间接ELISA和有限稀释法进行单克隆杂交瘤细胞的筛选和克隆,获得了稳定分泌抗IL-27EBI3和抗IL-12p35单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。在效价测定和特异性鉴定的基础上,进一步筛选出一株能稳定分泌抗IL-27EBI3单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株3B11和一株能稳定分泌抗IL-12p35单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株3A10,亚类鉴定两株单抗均为IgG1。应用单抗3B11和3A10建立了IL-35双抗夹心定量ELISA检测方法,借助生物素-亲和素放大效应,该方法检测IL-35线性范围为3.12–200pg/mL,最低检测限为1.26pg/mL,与多种其他抗原的交叉反应率为0.1%,批内相对标准偏差(RSD)为5.1%–5.6%,批间RSD为5.6%–7.2%,添加回收率为89%–103%,达到定量分析的要求,为进一步组装IL-35定量ELISA检测试剂盒打下了基础。     

抗牛PrP多肽单克隆抗体的制备及其在牛PrP 检测中的应用

为获得广谱抗哺乳类动物PrP单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody, McAb), 用牛朊蛋白(prion protein, PrP)多肽(209~228 aa)与匙孔槭血蓝蛋白(keyhole limpet hemocyanin, KLH)偶联物免疫Balb/C小鼠. 经细胞融合和克隆后获得针对上述多肽的杂交瘤细胞株. 分别用Western blot和免疫组化(immunohistochemistry, IHC)的方法检测这些McAbs与重组人(human, Hu)、牛(bovine, Bo)、仓鼠(hamster, Ha)PrP蛋白、牛脑组织中的正常朊蛋白(cellular PrP, PrPc)和致病性朊蛋白(scrapie of prion, PrPSc)的反应性. 本文为制备高效价抗PrP McAb提供了一个简单、易行的方法. 制备的抗体可用于研究哺乳类PrP生物学特性, 检测可传播性海绵样脑病, 特别是对牛海绵样脑病的诊断具有重要意义.     

高亲和力抗有机磷杀虫剂单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

制备抗有机磷杀虫剂单克隆抗体。采用人工合成带有特殊功能基团的半抗原,将其与载体蛋白偶联,以半抗原偶联物为免疫原,免疫BALBc小鼠,取免疫小鼠的脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞融合,HAT选择、有限稀释法克隆化,建立分泌抗机磷杀虫剂单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系。ELISA间接法和ELISA竞争抑制法检测抗体滴度,非竞争抑制法检测抗体亲和常数。结果获得9株分泌抗机磷杀虫剂单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系,其中7株为型特异性,2株为组特异性;Ig亚型均为IgG1;亲和常数为407×108±043M和127×109±024M。结论为人工人工合成的、含特殊功能基团的半抗原,与载体蛋白偶联后,做免疫原,可用于制备高滴度的抗有机磷杀虫剂单克隆抗体,这种单抗可用于机磷杀虫剂残留物的免疫化学检测 。     

乙氧基磷酸酯类有机磷农药单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

制备针对乙氧基磷酸酯类有机磷农药的单克隆抗体,以此为基础建立该类农药的快速免疫筛选检测方法．以二乙基磷酸乙酸为通用结构半抗原,分别使之与牛血清白蛋白和鸡卵清蛋白共价偶联,合成免疫原和包被原并对其进行结构鉴定．偶联成功后的免疫原用于免疫Balb/c小鼠．将免疫成功小鼠的脾细胞与小鼠SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,筛选能稳定分泌抗乙氧基磷酸酯类有机磷农药单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株．获得的小鼠腹水用辛酸-硫酸铵法纯化,所得纯化抗体以琼脂双扩散法鉴定其免疫球蛋白类型,间接竞争ELISA方法测定其对半抗原的灵敏度、特异性和亲和性．结果表明,该抗体分泌IgG1亚类的单克隆抗体,且与二乙基磷酸乙酸的亲和性较高(1.4×10⁷ L/mol),所得抗体对毒死蜱、对硫磷、丙溴磷、氧化乐果、除线磷、二嗪农、溴硫磷、辛硫磷、喹硫磷、三唑磷等农药有特异性反应．该检测技术可用于上述农药的快速定性或定量检测．     

黄曲霉毒素B1单克隆抗体的制备及间接竞争ELISA检测技术研究

【目的】制备黄曲霉毒素B1单克隆(AFB1)抗体,建立间接竞争ELISA检测方法用于污染样品中AFB1的检测。【方法】用碳二亚胺法制备黄曲霉毒素B1的完全抗原AFB1-BSA后免疫Balb/c小鼠,经过细胞融合和克隆化筛选获得抗AFB1单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。采用体内诱生腹水法制备抗体,通过间接ELISA方法分别测定抗体亚类和效价。经优化实验条件,建立稳定的间接竞争ELISA检测方法,并用于检测饲料样品中的黄曲霉毒素B1。【结果】获得4株稳定分泌抗AFB1单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,选择3B9细胞株制备抗体,测定抗体亚类为IgG1,效价为1:204 800,与黄曲霉毒素B2、G1、G2和M1的交叉反应率分别为2.2%、33.9%、1.8%和4.1%,与赭曲霉毒素A、伏马毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮几乎不存在交叉反应。以此单抗构建了AFB1间接竞争ELISA检测方法,在AFB1浓度为1.04?25.00 μg/L范围内呈线性(R2=0.993 1),检测限为1.04 μg/L,半数抑制率(IC50)为6.03 μg/L,平均加标回收率在线性范围内可达85%?120%,变异系数均小于10%。【结论】通过饲料样品检测证实,该方法与进口ELISA试剂盒检测一致性良好,可用于实际样品中黄曲霉毒素B1的快速筛检。     

金霉素单克隆抗体的制备及检测方法的建立

采用羰基二咪唑法,将半抗原金霉素(AM)分别与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和卵清蛋白(OVA)偶联制备金霉素免疫抗原AM-BSA和检测抗原AM-OVA,通过紫外光谱扫描检测偶联产物。采用细胞杂交瘤技术,制备抗金霉素单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株,建立了金霉素竞争ELISA检测方法,其灵敏度达到50ng/ml,且呈现良好的线性关系(r=0.9812),并且与其他抗生素无交叉反应。     

空肠弯曲菌FlaA单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

【目的】原核表达空肠弯曲菌鞭毛蛋白FlaA,并制备其单克隆抗体。【方法】克隆目的基因并将其构建到pET30a(+)和pGEX-6p-1表达载体,分别以变复性纯化后的rHis-FlaA、rGST-FlaA蛋白为免疫原和检测原进行杂交瘤细胞的筛选。采用间接ELISA法测定细胞上清和单抗腹水效价,Dot-ELISA、Western blot分析单抗特异性。【结果】成功构建pET30a(+)-flaA和pGEX-6p-1-flaA重组原核表达质粒,并融合表达rHis-FlaA和rGST-FlaA蛋白,Western blot试验显示天然蛋白多抗血清能与体外表达的蛋白呈现特异性反应,表明表达蛋白具有免疫原性。筛选获得3株稳定分泌抗FlaA的单克隆杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为2D12、5E12、6A9,其Ig亚类分别为IgG2a、IgG1、IgG1,腹水效价分别为1∶102400,1∶102400和1∶51200;Western blot试验显示,3株单抗均能与表达rHis-FlaA重组蛋白的细菌发生特异性反应;Dot-ELISA试验表明,3株单抗均能与不同来源的空肠弯曲菌分离株发生特异性反应。【结论】本研究制备的单克隆抗体有较高特异性,具有良好的应用价值。为进一步研究空肠弯曲菌鞭毛蛋白的生物学特性、致病机理,以及建立快速检测技术奠定基础。     

活化相关分泌蛋白1单克隆抗体的制备及其在保守结构域鉴定中的应用

目的:制备重组活化相关分泌蛋白1(ASP-1)的单克隆抗体,并用其鉴定保守结构域。方法:用原核表达并纯化的重组ASP-1不加佐剂免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用杂交瘤技术及有限稀释传代法筛选稳定分泌特异性抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,制备单抗腹水后用间接ELISA进行抗体特异性鉴定和效价检测,利用肽结合ELISA和Western印迹鉴定单抗识别的保守结构域。结果:获得5株能稳定分泌抗ASP-1单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,且5株单抗的识别区域均为21~28氨基酸残基的保守性结构域。结论:制备了抗ASP-1的单克隆抗体,为深入研究ASP-1佐剂的活性功能区及作用机制提供了有效工具。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.