蓝细菌Anacystis nidulans R-2藻胆体中43 Kd蛋白细胞定位的初步研究

高盐浓度条件下分离了蓝细菌Anacystis nidulans R-2的藻胆体,藻胆体中存在一种43kD的蛋白。Western blotting分析表明,该蛋白能与蓝细菌Fd：NADP氧还酶中FNRE占构域的抗体发生反应,解聚的藻胆体具有FNR黄递酶的活性,初步证明该43kD蛋白就是Fd：NADP氧还酶。Triton X-114分相实验表明,这种43kD的蛋白不能进入Triton X-114相。对藻胆体的部分解聚合实验表明,富含外周杆的组分中不存在43kD的蛋白。     

基于遗传算法的光合细菌过氧化物酶电泳分析方法的建立

建立光合细菌中过氧化物酶的酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(A-PAGE)分析方法。以电泳图谱的谱带数和灰度为指标, 运用正交试验和遗传算法对该方法的电泳条件进行优化。实验结果表明, 当凝胶中Triton X-100含量为0.31%、菌体破碎时间为19 min、样品中Triton X-100含量为0.79%时, 可获得清晰的沼泽红假单胞菌过氧化物酶图谱; 当凝胶中Triton X-100含量为0.27%、菌体破碎时间为16 min、样品中Triton X-100含量为0.76%时, 可获得清晰的球形红细菌过氧化物酶图谱。本方法为光合细菌中过氧化物酶的分析提供了一种新的、简单、快速的手段。     

大肠杆菌外膜蛋白的分离及其双向电泳图谱的建立

本文利用温度诱导的两相分离萃取技术选择性分离未经机械破碎的大肠杆菌细胞外膜蛋白,研究TritonX.114的浓度及处理时间对提取外膜蛋白的影响.实验结果表明,Triton X-114的使用浓度和作用时间均显著影响外膜蛋白的提取效率.SDS-PAGE结果表明不同Triton X-114的使用浓度和作用时间只是影响了外膜蛋白的提取效率而对外膜蛋白提取的种类没有影响.实验发现8%的Triton X-114处理3小时为最佳分离条件,分离得到的样品可用于双向电泳分析.通过对比实验发现样品裂解液中包含低浓度的Tris是外膜蛋白双向电泳成功的关键因素,CHAPS与ASB-14或NP-40结合使用可显著提高外膜蛋白的溶解能力,缩短聚焦时间,从而优化了大肠杆茵外膜蛋白双向电泳技术体系,建立了其双向电泳图谱.     

一个光合组织特异表达强启动子的分离及功能分析

用接头PCR技术克隆了长度为1415 bp的PNZIP基因启动子, 该启动子具有真核生物启动子的典型特征, 引物延伸实验证明转录起始位点位于翻译起始位点上游122 bp处. 根据PNZIP基因启动子的序列特征, 利用PCR技术对该启动子进行了有目的的缺失, 将5个长度不同的启动子片段分别与报告基因GUS相连接, 构建植物表达载体, 转化烟草. 荧光定量检测结果表明: 5个不同长度的PNZIP启动子均能驱动GUS基因在光合组织中专一表达, 它们的活性随着启动子5′端的逐步缺失而不断地下降; 在叶片组织中长度为1415 bp的PNZIP启动子活性比35S启动子高9倍; PNZIP启动子中存在2个可能与光合组织特异表达有关的新的顺式作用元件, 即GAAATA和GATACT, GATACT元件可能决定基因的光合组织特异性表达, 而GAAATA可能作为增强子提高基因在光合组织的表达强度.     

香蕉内生克雷伯氏菌KKWB-5强启动子片段的分离及鉴定

目的:旨在获得香蕉内生克雷伯氏菌KKWB-5的强启动子片段,以应用于香蕉内生工程菌的构建。方法: 利用以kan^r基因为报告基因的启动子探针载体pUCK在大肠杆菌Top10中克隆KKWB-5基因组DNA 的启动子片段;将筛选到的高抗Kan的质粒导入KKWB-5,分别于LB和香蕉杆浸汁培养基(BSM)平板上检测它们的抗Kan水平;选择在BSM上抗Kan水平最高的片段15,检测该片段的基因间隔区15P的启动子活性,最后以gfp为报告基因来验证片段15P的启动子活性。结果:有7个抗Kan 水平在2500μg/ml以上的Top10转化子;这7个质粒在导入KKWB-5后,它们在LB平板上的抗Kan 水平有不同程度的增加,但在BSM培养基上则大为减弱;片段15P具有启动kan^r 基因的活性,且与原片段15的抗Kan 水平相同;重组质粒pUCK-6-15Pgfp,以Top10和KKWB-5为宿主菌,在LB培养基上培养时,在荧光显微镜下均能发出绿色荧光;以KKWB-5为宿主菌,在BSM培养基上培养时,在荧光显微镜下也能发出绿色荧光。 结论:片段15不仅在Top10中具有较强的启动子活性,而且在其供体菌KKWB-5中具有更强的启动子活性,其基因间隔区15P为主要的启动子区域,在BSM培养基上也具有较好的启动子活性,该启动子片段15P可以应用于KKWB-5内生工程菌的构建。     

单疱疹1型病毒胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

含有编码胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶序列的单疱疹Ⅰ型病毒DNA片段,以三个可能的读码结构(reading frame)被融合到大肠杆菌LacZ基因的开始部位。当胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶基因处在能从Lac启动子转录的方向时,那么在所有三种情况下,在Lac控制下都可在大肠杆菌中产生具有功能活性的病毒原的胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶。序列分析的结果指出,在胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶基因的5’端,子终止信号之后翻译又重新开始,而在这同一区域发现有二段富A+T序列,此序列可能是真核启动子部分。     

单疱疹1型病毒胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

含有编码胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶序列的单疱疹Ⅰ型病毒DNA片段,以三个可能的读码结构(reading frame)被融合到大肠杆菌LacZ基因的开始部位。当胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶基因处在能从Lac启动子转录的方向时,那么在所有三种情况下,在Lac控制下都可在大肠杆菌中产生具有功能活性的病毒原的胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶。序列分析的结果指出,在胸腺嘧啶核苷激酶基因的5’端,子终止信号之后翻译又重新开始,而在这同一区域发现有二段富A T序列,此序列可能是真核启动子部分。     

表达NDV-F基因重组马立克病病毒的构建及其在鸡体内外的复制

以敲除meq基因的MDV-Ⅰ型弱毒GX0101△meq为载体构建一株表达外源基因NDV-F的重组病毒。将外源基因NDV-F的ORF插入到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)中,扩增含有CMV启动子的NDV-F表达盒,同时扩增筛选基因Kan+表达盒,将他们插入到载体PMD18-T中。用含有MDV-US2区50bp同源臂的引物扩增串联表达盒,将产物电转进含有GX0101△meq的EL250宿主菌中,1%阿拉伯糖诱导掉阳性重组病毒基因组中的Kan+表达盒。挑选敲除Kan+表达盒的阳性克隆提取质粒,转染CEF细胞拯救重组病毒。将重组病毒腹腔注射鸡体,观察其在鸡体内的生长复制。成功拯救插入外源基因NDV-F的重组马立克病病毒rMDV-F,重组病毒在CEF细胞内能很好的复制表达且其在鸡体内也能很好的生长复制。以GX0101△meq为载体,结合Red E/T和FLP/FRT重组系统成功构建了表达外源基因NDV-F的重组病毒,为我们重组病毒的研究奠定了基础。     

两种真核启动子体内外转录活性比较研究

启动子作为基因工程表达载体的核心组成部分,在很大程度上决定了目的基因的转录活性。为筛选出一个转录活性较高的真核启动子,以目的蛋白与增强型绿色荧光蛋白融合表达的形式,在体内外检测CMV和CAG两种真核启动子的转录活性。首先,通过常规分子生物学技术将神经钙黏着蛋白(N-cad)克隆到p CAG-MCS-EGFP质粒中(携带CAG启动子),菌落PCR、双酶切及测序验证;与p EGFP-N-cad质粒(携带CMV启动子)一起通过磷酸钙法分别转染HEK293T细胞,比较两种质粒在体外细胞水平转染目的基因效率;随后,通过已建立的鸡胚脊髓活体电转方法比较两种质粒在活体鸡胚脊髓内转录目的基因效率,冷冻切片后进行荧光强度观察;而体内外实验均应用常规Western blot和RT-PCR技术验证目的基因N-cad在蛋白及基因水平上的表达。荧光显微镜观察结果表明,CMV启动子仅能在体外细胞水平上行使其转录活性,而CAG启动子可在体内体外高效行使其转录活性,进一步的Western blot和RT-PCR结果与荧光观察结果一致。该研究结果可为体内研究目的基因功能时的载体构建提供借鉴。     

基于糖原代谢调控的蓝细菌光合细胞工厂优化研究进展

蓝细菌是重要的光合自养微生物,也是最具潜力的光合微生物底盘之一,被广泛应用于光驱固碳细胞工厂的开发.糖原是蓝细菌最重要的天然碳汇物质,糖原代谢对蓝细菌光合碳流的分配和调控具有重要意义.为了优化蓝细菌光合细胞工厂的合成效能,驱动更多的光合碳流重定向至目标代谢产物的合成,已经有多种策略和方法被成功开发用于调控蓝细菌的糖原代...     

Cloning of the Gene Encoding FNR Domain of FNR of Cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 and its Overexpression in Escherichia coli

The petHL of Synechnococcus sp. PCC 7002 encoding FNR domain (FNRD) of FNR was amplified by PCR, and cloned into expressing vector pET-3a. Ovemxpression of petHL was achieved with E. coli BL21 (DE3). The recombinant FNRD was purified to homogeneity by DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and Sephadex G-100 chromatography. N-terminal amino acid sequencing showed that rFNRD was encoded by petHL and initial Met was not posttranslationally removed, rFNRD had the same absorption spectrum, optimal pH and optimal temperature as those of rFNR. rFNRD could catalyze photosynthetic electron transport from PT00 to NADP+ in vitro.     

编码Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 FNR 中FNR区的基因克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

用ＰＣＲ的方法克隆出了编码蓝细菌Ｓｙｎｅｃｈｏｃｏｃｃｕｓｓｐ．ＰＣＣ７００２ＦＮＲ中ＦＮＲ区的基因ｐｅｔＨＬ,克隆到达载体ｐＥＴ３ａ上,转化大肠杆菌ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）后实现了大量表达。重组ＦＮＲ区（ｒＦＮＲＤ）经ＤＥＡＥＳｅｐｈｄｅｘＡ５０离子交换层析及ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ１００凝胶层析得到大量的电泳均一的ｒＦＮＲＤ。Ｎ末端氨基酸序列分析表明,表达产物确为ｐｅｔＨＬ所编码。且起始Ｍｅｔ翻译后未被除去。ｒＦＮＲＤ与ｒＦＮＲ的吸收光谱相同,其黄递酶活性的最适ｐＨ和最适温度也相同。ｒＦＮＲＤ能在体外催化电子从Ｐ７００到ＮＡＤＰ＋的传递     

导入β—1,3—葡聚糖酶及几丁质酶基因的转基因可育油菜及其？…

利用农杆菌转化法,将组成型表达β－１,３－葡聚糖酶及必丁质酶基因的双价值植物表达载体ｐＢＬＧＣ转化优质甘蓝型油菜品种Ｈ１６５,并得到了抗卡那毒素（Ｋａｎａｍｙｃｉｎ,Ｋａｎ）的再生植株。我们对所得到的抗Ｋａｎ的再生苗进行了初步分子生物学检测,结果表明,在Ｋ１５（Ｋａｎ １５ｍｇ／Ｌ）培养基上的绿苗中有３０％为ＰＣＲ阳性植株,而在Ｋ２５（Ｋａｎ １０ｍｇ／Ｌ）培养基上的绿苗有５３％的阳性率。对部分Ｐ     

通过转基因提高β-胡萝卜素生物合成量

在黄花龙胆 (Getianalutea)花瓣中获得了植物类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中的 5个基因GGPS、PSY、ZDS、LycB、LycE ,它们分别位于类胡萝卜素合成途径中生成α 和 β 胡萝卜素的上游 .将其中的主要酶基因PSY、ZDS与 35S启动子和NOS终止子相连 ,通过根癌农杆菌 (Agrobacteriumtumefaciens)转入烟草 ,并通过RT PCR ,Northern分子杂交 ,Western分子杂交等证实这些基因在RNA、蛋白质水平能较好转录及表达 .高效液相层析法分析显示 ,这些基因的翻译产物具有酶的活性 .结果表明 ,PSY可使 β 胡萝卜素含量提高 1 0 8% .     

Exceptional Segregation of a Selectable Marker (Kan(r)) in Arabidopsis Identifies Genes Important for Gametophytic Growth and Development

Genes transformed into plants are usually inherited in a regular Mendelian manner. There are, however, transformants in which the selectable trait fails to segregate as expected. Genetic analysis of the kanamycin-resistance (Kan(R)) trait in >900 independent transformants of Arabidopsis revealed that 9% produced progeny families with an enormous deficiency of Kan(R) individuals. Self-pollination of individual Kan(R) plants from these families revealed lines that continued to segregate for a deficiency of Kan(R) seedlings. In subsequent generations, the segregation ratio in these families stabilized at ~1 Kan(R): 3 Kan(S). Molecular analyses showed that the deficiency of Kan(R) individuals reflected the complete absence of the introduced DNA. Reciprocal backcrosses to untransformed plants showed unequal transmission of the Kan(R) trait through the gametes in these exceptional lines. In five cases, this was primarily a failure of transmission through the microgametophyte (pollen) and in the other two cases, primarily a failure of transmission through the megagametophyte (embryo sac or egg). The number of seeds per silique was reduced by 50% in the latter two lines. We conclude that our exceptional transformants contain T-DNA insertions that delete or disrupt genes essential for gametophytic growth and development.     

beta-Galactosidase of Kluyveromyces lactis (Lac4p) as reporter of gene expression in Candida albicans and C. tropicalis.

Summary Vectors containing fusions of the Candida albicans ACT promoter to heterologous genes were constructed and transformed into a C. albicans host strain. -Galactosidase (Lac4p) activity was detected in transformants carrying an ACT fusion to the Kluyveromyces lactis LAC4 gene, while fusions to the Escherichia coli lacZ gene and to other heterologous genes were not expressed. Lac4p was also produced by C. tropicalis transformants carrying the ACT/LAC4 fusion. Plasmids in transformed C. albicans strains were present either as free multimers in high copy number or, more frequently, integrated into the genome in low copy number yielding high and low LAC4 mRNA and Lac4p expression levels, respectively. Lac4p-expressing transformants of C. tropicalis, but not of C. albicans, were able to utilize lactose as sole carbon source. An ACT/LAC4 fusion was not differentially expressed during the yeast and hyphal growth phases of C. albicans, indicating that the ACT promoter is not regulated during morphogenesis. These results define the first reporter gene system for convenient monitoring of gene expression in Candida species.     

大肠杆菌海藻糖合成酶基因的克隆和表达

利用Ｍｕ转座子细胞内克隆了大肠杆菌海藻糖合成酶 ｏｔｓＢＡ基因,克隆频率为１．４５ ｘ １０(－３)／ Ｋａｎ(ｒ)转导子。经遗传互补、酶切和部分序列分析表明ｏｔｓＢＡ基因位于克隆质粒。亚克隆 ２．８７ｋｂ ＤＮＡ片段至不同拷贝数表达质粒并分别转化大肠杆菌ｏｔｓＢＡ基因缺失株,转化株恢复 在０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮａＣｌ培养基上生长的功能,高渗透压诱导实验表明,转化株能够合成克隆基因 产物海藻糖,但合成量不受克隆质粒拷贝数影响。海藻糖良好的抗高渗能力可能在农作物育 种方面发挥重要作用。为构建含有海藻糖合成酶基因的植物表达载体,并在农杆菌的介导下 转入植物,赋予其抗高渗、耐干旱能力奠定了重要的研究基础。     

Plasmid rearrangements in the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides

Mu d1(Ap lac) was introduced into the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides 2.4.1. via the R-plasmid R751 in an attempt to isolate fusion derivatives involving photosynthetic operons. The selection system is potentially very powerful since R. sphaeroides is normally Lac negative. Among the exconjugants, photosynthesis-deficient mutants were recovered, some of which had elevated beta-galactosidase levels. Among the mutants examined, beta-galactosidase expression was linked exclusively to R751 . Many of the photosynthesis-deficient mutants were found to have alterations in their indigenous plasmids which apparently involved the exchange of DNA from one plasmid to another. Southern blot analysis revealed that there are extensive DNA sequences which are shared by the two plasmids that are involved in the rearrangements and that no exogenous DNA sequences appear to be involved. It was further discovered that plasmid rearrangement is a general phenomenon which can occur spontaneously in R. sphaeroides 2.4.1 and shows a high correlation with a photosynthesis minus phenotype.     

Food-grade expression of human glutathione S-transferase and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in Lactococcus lactis

A food-grade gene expression system in Lactococcus lactis was established by the combination of a vector containing the lacF gene as the selection marker and a strain WZ103 carrying an in-frame deletion of this gene in the chromosome as the host. The human glutathione S-transferase A1-1 (hGSTA1) and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (hSOD) genes were respectively cloned into a food-grade vector under the control of the lactococcal inducible promoter P(lacA). The resulting expression plasmids were separately introduced into the lactose-deficient (Lac(-)) host, and the lactose-utilizing (Lac(+)) transformants were directly selected on a chemically defined medium, using lactose as the sole carbon source. The successful food-grade expression of hGSTA1 and hSOD in the L. lactis WZ103 transformed with these plasmids were analyzed by Western blotting and enzymatic activity assay, respectively.