促乳素抑制培养的大鼠颗粒细胞中卵泡素介导的组织纤溶酶原激活因子的表达

本文主要是观察促乳素（ＰＲＬ）是否曩体外培养的大鼠颗粒细胞中,组织纤溶酶原激活因子（ｔＰＡ）和Ｉ型纤溶酶原激活因子抑制因子（ＰＡＩ－Ｉ）基因表达间的协调作用。我们采用了多种方法,例如ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ、免疫印迹等,来检测ＰＲＬ对ｔＰＡ和ＰＡＩ－Ｉ基因表达的作用。结果证实：（１）在离体条件下促乳素（ＰＲＬ）能刺激颗粒细胞（ＧＣ）中ＰＡＩ－Ｉ ｍＲＮＡ的合成,而ＦＳＨ无此作用。但ＦＳＨ可与ＰＲＬ协同增加     

促性腺激素对猪卵丘细胞—卵母细胞复合体体外减数分裂？…

本实验利用猪卵母细胞体外无血清培养技术,选用猪卵泡液中自然存在的次黄嘌呤（ＨＸ）作为卵母细胞自发成熟的抑制剂,研究附了中性腺激素对猪卵丘细胞－卵母细胞复体（Ｃ ＥＯ）减数分裂恢复的具体作用。ＣＥＯ在含有不同浓度的促性腺激素（ＦＳＨ,ｈＣＧ,ＦＳＨ＋ｈＣＧ）的培养液中培养２４ｈ,观察卵母细胞减数分裂恢复（ＧＶＢＤ）情况。实验结果如下：１．ＦＳＨ（１－５００ＩＵ／Ｌ）能够明显刺激ＣＥＯ克服ＨＸ的抑制作     

促性腺激素对猪卵丘细胞-卵母细胞复合体体外减数分裂恢复作用的研究

本实验利用猪卵母细胞体外无血清培养技术,选用猪卵泡液中自然存在的次黄嘌呤（ＨＸ）作为卵母细胞自发成熟的抑制剂,研究了促性腺激素对猪卵丘细胞－卵母细胞复合体（ＣＥＯ）减数分裂恢复的具体作用。ＣＥＯ在含有不同浓度的促性腺激素（ＦＳＨ,ｈＣＧ,ＦＳＨ＋ｈＣＧ）的培养液中培养２４ｈ,观察卵母细胞减数分裂恢复（ＧＶＢＤ）情况。实验结果如下：１．ＦＳＨ（１－５００ＩＵ／Ｌ）能够明显刺激ＣＥＯ克服ＨＸ的抑制作用而恢复减数分裂（Ｐ＜０．０５）,该作用具有剂量依赖性;２．ｈＣＧ（１－５００ＩＵ／Ｌ）对ＣＥＯ减数分裂的恢复无明显作用;３．ｈＣＧ（１０－５００ＩＵ／Ｌ）与ＦＳＨ（１０,１００ＩＵ／Ｌ）无协同作用。上述结果表明,猪ＣＥＯ减数分裂的恢复可能主要依赖于ＦＳＨ的作用,该作用能使猪卵丘细胞产生一种或几种阳性因子,作用于卵母细胞,从而克服ＨＸ的抑制作用而恢复减数分裂。ｈＣＧ无明显作用,可能是因为卵丘细胞上没有ＬＨ受体或ＬＨ受体的数量不足     

妊娠早期人胎盘绒毛血管紧张素的研究

用生化提取、放射免疫测定及离体培养技术研究了妊娠早期人胎盘绒毛血管紧张素的含量与 变化,观察了血管紧张素Ⅱ对早孕胎盘人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ｈＣＧ）分泌的影响,并用ＡＢＣ法探 讨了血管紧张素Ⅱ的免疫组织化学定位。结果表明：妊娠６～１０周的人胎盘绒毛组织均检测到血管 紧张素,其含量随妊娠周龄增加而升高;离体培养的６～９周人胎盘绒毛亦能分泌血管紧张素,培 液中血管紧张素的水平与妊娠周龄呈平行关系;然而妊娠６～１０周母血中血管紧张素的含量无明 显变化。免疫组织化学结果指出早孕胎盘绒毛有ＡⅡ免疫阳性反应物质．免疫阳性物主要分布在合 体滋养层细胞内;在离体培养条件下,血管紧张素Ⅱ能刺激离体培养的人胎盘绒毛ｈＣＧ的分泌,其 受体阻断剂 ［Ｓａｒ１Ｉｉｅ８］ ＡｎｇⅡ（１０－８～１１－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）对 ｈＣＧ分泌无影响,当 ［Ｓａｒ１　Ｉｉｅ８］ ＡｎｇⅡ浓度 达１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,绒毛ｈＣＧ分泌量显著降低。     

GRP和VIP对E2诱致的垂体催乳素（PRL）瘤细胞PRL基因转录的影响

实验应用雄性ＳＤ大鼠,皮下埋植内置１０ｍｇ雌二醇硅胶管３个月致体催乳素瘤后,取ＰＲＬ瘤细胞进行外原代培养,并应用原位杂交方法,研究不同剂量的胃泌素释放肽（ｇａｓｔｒｉｎ－ｒｅｌｅａｉｎｇｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ,ＧＲＰ）和血活性肠肽（ｖａｓｏａｃｔｉｖｅｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌｐｏｌｙｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ,ＶＩＰ）以及Ｅ２对 离体培养的垂体ＰＲＬ瘤细胞ＰＲＬ基因转录的,下,ＧＲＰ,ＶＩＰ分别与ＰＲＬ瘤细胞孵育２４ｈ后     

胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ对大鼠离体培养黄体细胞孕酮生成的影响

本实验观察了胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ（ＩＧＦ－Ⅱ）对大鼠离体培养黄体细胞孕酮生长的影响,并对其作用机制进行了探讨。结果显示,ＩＧＦ－Ⅱ能显著地促进大鼠离体培养黄体细胞孕酮生成并呈剂量－效应关系,同时还能促进＾３Ｈ－亮氨酸掺入黄体细胞蛋白质的合成,促进＾３Ｈ－胸腺嘧啶掺入ＤＮＡ的合成,而上述效应分别被放线菌酮（ＣＹＸ）和放线菌素Ｄ所抑制。此外,ＩＧＦ－Ⅱ对大鼠离体黄体细胞内泊性ｃＡＭＰ和ｈＣＧ诱导的ｃＡＭ     

被子植物离体受精与合子培养研究进展

被子植物离体受精与合子培养研究进展杨弘远周嫦（武汉大学生命科学学院武汉４３００７２）关键词被子植物,离体受精,合子培养,发育生物学ＲＥＣＥＮＴＡＤＶＡＮＣＥＳＩＮＩＮＶＩＴＲＯＦＥＲＴＩＬＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＺＹＧＯＴＥＣＵＬＴＵＲＥＯＦＡＮＧＩＯ...     

恒河猴睾丸内激素调控的离体研究 I.恒河猴睾丸Leydig细胞的离体培养及激素分泌的研究

为了研究恒河猴睾丸的激素分泌及其调节作用,作者发展了一种简便分离睾丸Ｌｅｙｄｉｇ细胞和用无血清培养的实验模型,研究了人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ｈＣＧ）、恒河猴绒毛膜促性腺激素（ｍＣＧ）、环磷酸腺苷（ｃＡＭＰ）、Ｆｏｒｓｋｏｌｉｎ和雌二醇（Ｅ２）对睾丸Ｌｅｙｄｉｇ细胞激素分泌的影响。结果显示离体的Ｌｅｙｄｉｇ细胞对低剂量同源的ｍＣＧ和异源的ｈＣＧ产生睾酮都有依赖反应,而高剂量的前者对Ｌｅｙｄｉｇ细胞分泌睾酮有明显的抑制作用,后者不出现反向调节;ｃＡＭＰ和Ｆｏｒｓｋｏｌｉｎ对Ｌｅｙｄｉｇ细胞分泌睾酮有刺激作用;雌二醇具有明显抑制ｈＣＧ和ｍＣＧ促睾丸分泌的作用     

钙超载和血小板激活因子对肺组织释放降钙素基因相关肽的影响

在肠缺血／再灌注（Ｉ／Ｒ）损伤的大鼠模型中,用放射免疫法分析血管和离体肺灌洗液中降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）。结果发现Ｉ／Ｒ损伤后血浆ＣＧＲＰ水平较自身伤前增高１６１．３％（Ｐ〈０．０１）,伤前预先用血小板激活因子受阻断剂（ＳＲ２７４１Ａ）,血浆ＣＧＲＰ仍然高于自身伤前１１７．８％（Ｐ〈０．０１）。而假手术组没有明显变化。另外,Ｉ／Ｒ损伤组大鼠离体肺灌洗液同正常对照相比,ＣＧＲＰ还下降了１７．４％     

人主动脉硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖对培养人的脐静脉内皮细胞生长的影响

为探讨硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖（ＨＳＰＧ）对内皮细胞生长的作用,用解聚提取及离子交换柱层析法分离出人主动脉ＨＳＰＧ,用倒置显微镜、细胞计数、及￣３Ｎ－ＴｄＲ参入观察其对培养的第一代人脐静脉内皮细胞（ｈＵＶＦＣ）生长的影响。结果发现：（１）倒置显微镜下观察,加入ＨＳＰＧ（１．７０μｇ已糖醛酸／ｍｌ）的ｈＵＶＥＣ生长密度高于对照组（未加ＨＳＰＧ）．（２）随着培养时间增加（２４,４８及７２ｈ）．根据细胞计数计算出同一剂量的ＨＳＰＧ（１７．０μｇ已糖醛酸／ｍｌ）对ｈＵＶＥＣ的促增殖％增高（分别为１４％,３０％及３７％）。（３）随着加入ＨＳＰＧ浓度的升高（４．３,８．５及１７．０μｇ已糖醛酸／ｍｌ．培养７２ｈ）．根据￣３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入计算出ＨＳＰＧ对ｈＵＶＥＣ的促增殖％亦增高（分别为４９％,７１％及９８％）。故人主动脉ＨＳＰＧ对培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞有促增殖作用。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细