离子束注入法诱变选育耐高糖衣康酸高产菌株

采用20keV不同剂量的低能氩离子束和氮离子束注入土曲霉T730,选育出耐高糖衣康酸高产菌株HA8。该菌株可以在蔗糖初始浓度为15％和20％的培养基中摇瓶发酵4～5d,产酸率分别达到9．2％和11．5％,糖酸转化率分别达到61．3％和57．5％,比出发菌株1．730的产酸率提高了74％。     

衣康酸产生菌的分离和选育

本文叙述了从土壤分离衣康酸产生菌的过程和方法,使用Co60与UV-高温复合处理土曲霉野生菌株,获得一些突变体(Mo.82-r17、No．25一13B、No．25—23B and No．25-24B),用正交试验确定较佳培养基组成,在37℃下摇瓶培养No．82一r17,培养液积累衣康酸3．5g／100ml,对供给糖转化率35％,从培养液回收衣康酸与标准衣康酸进行红外光谱测定,比较两者吸收曲线,确证它是衣康酸。     

衣康酸高产菌株的选育及发酵工艺研究

用多种诱变法对衣康酸产生菌原始菌株进行诱变,得到高产菌株16株,采用“正交试验-中心试验-正交试验”的策略优化培养基,对影响衣康酸生产的原料、水质等进行了研究。所得高产菌株生产适应性强,产酸水平为65g/100ml,残还原糖小于01g/100ml,摇床发酵周期小于96h,500L发酵罐发酵周期小于70h。     

紫外线诱变豇豆根瘤病512的研究

将活化后的豇豆根瘤菌５１２（Ｒ．Ｉｅｇｕｍｉｎｏｓａｒｍ５１２）涂抹于含有１ｇ／Ｌ琥珀酸钠和０．８％蛋白胨的ＹＥＭ固体培养基上,然后以紫外线照射,从中选出合成ＩＡＡ能力较高和抗性较强的突变菌株。测定结果表明,该菌株合成ＩＡＡ成力比原出发菌株高一倍左右。其合成ＩＡＡ能力与照射剂量、照射次数和培养基中蛋白胨的浓度有关。不仅如此,该突变菌株的耐碱和耐盐能力有明显提高。     

离子束注入对衣康酸生产菌种的改良

用10keV、剂量5.2×10~(14)～5.2×10~(15)ions/cm~2的氮离子注入衣康酸生产菌株土曲霉A9003,在2％LiCl抗性平板筛选到一株能在39℃发酵的衣康酸高产菌株。该菌株在30L发酵罐发酵产酸7.5％,转化率60.1％,发酵周期50h。     

衣康酸生产菌种的定向选育和产酸条件的研究

通过紫外线—高温复合诱变处理衣康酸生产菌株土曲霉构Aspergillus terreus As3.2811,用以琥珀酸为唯一碳源的选择性乎板定向筛选高产菌株,获得产酸率较其亲株提高了5倍以上的突变株。用正交试验的方法对突变株的适宜产酸条件进行了研究,通过分批补糖发酵可提高其产酸率高达39．92％。     

具有ACC脱氨酶活性的细菌的分离和鉴定

在以ＡＣＣ（α－氨基环丙烷梭酸）为唯一氮源的选择性培养基上,对土壤来源的细菌菌株进行了筛选。通过生长测定、对ＡＣＣ降解的分析,确定了菌株ＡＣＣ脱氨酶的活性,并对菌株进行了系统鉴定。     

肌苷产生菌中降低核苷水解酶的研究

本研究以枯草杆菌肌苷产生菌ＳＤ９４０１（Ａｄｅˉ＋Ｔｈｉˉ＋Ｈｉｓˉ＋８—ＡＧｒ＋６－ＭＰｒ）为出发菌株,经紫外线和硫酸二乙酯诱变,在以肌苷为唯一碳源的补充培养基上筛选到一株核苷水解酶缺失菌株。实验结果表明这一突变株积累比亲株高３０％左右的肌苷,平均达到２６．８９ｍｇ／ｍｌ,最高到２８．０３ｍｇ／ｍｌ。且发酵液中未测出次黄嘌呤。     

PGDH^L生化突变型谷氨酸生产菌株选育的生化模式

以Ｔｂｍ－３（ｉｃｌ＾－,异柠檬酸裂解酶活力的生化突变株）为出发菌株,经紫外一诱变,通过依据生人代谢所设计的选择培养基（Ｌ－阿拉伯糖平板与Ｄ－葡萄糖酸钠平板）对接的筛选方法,获得磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶（ＰＧＤＨ,Ｅ．Ｃ．４．２．１．１２）忖突变型的生化突变型菌株Ｔｂｍ３．１８,该菌株经摇瓶发酵试验显示,比出发菌株Ｔｂｍ－３提高产酸率８．９％和转化率８．１％,表明ｐｇｄｈ或ｐｇｄｈ生在变型菌株的选育,对     

丝状真菌SC－2产β－胡萝卜素的研究

利用改良的ＳＭＡ培养基富集培养从植物的落花上分离筛选出的产β─胡萝卜素的菌株ＳＣ—２。该菌株在以棉籽饼粉为主要原料的培养基上生长良好。最高生物量达５４ｍｇ干菌体／ｍｌ培养液。胡萝卜素含量１．８５ｍｇ／ｇ干菌体。ＨＰＬＣ测定β─胡萝卜素占总胡萝卜素的９０．５％。     

Efficient Itaconic acid production via protein–protein scaffold introduction between GltA,AcnA, and CadA in recombinant Escherichia coli

Itaconic acid, which is a promising organic acid in synthetic polymers and some base-material production, has been produced by Aspergillus terreus fermentation at a high cost. The recombinant Escherichia coli that contained the cadA gene from A. terreus can produce itaconic acid but with low yield. By introducing the protein–protein scaffold between citrate synthesis, aconitase, and cis-aconitase decarboxylase, 5.7 g/L of itaconic acid was produced, which is 3.8-fold higher than that obtained with the strain without scaffold. The optimum pH and temperature for itaconic acid production were 8.5 and 30°C, respectively. When the competing metabolic network was inactivated by knock-out mutation, the itaconic acid concentration further increased, to 6.57 g/L.     

以淀粉为碳源衣康酸高产菌株的筛选

对土曲霉出发菌株进行紫外线诱变、LiCl诱变以及代谢终产物抗性菌株选育。代谢终产物抗性菌株选育是一种有效的遗传育种方法,能显著提高产酸量。得到一株代号为At394的菌株,以玉米淀粉部分水解糖为碳源,产酸量为53.9g/L,比出发菌株提高了42.6%。糖酸转化率为61.5%,为所有筛选菌株最高。用红外光谱进行结构分析证实所得产物为衣康酸。     

Enhanced production of itaconic acid from corn starch and market refuse fruits by genetically manipulated Aspergillus terreus SKR10

A potent itaconic acid producing strain, Aspergillus terreus SKR10, was isolated from horticulture waste. Market refuse, apple and banana, were explored as novel substrates for itaconic acid production with yields of 20+/-2.0 and 20.0+/-1.0 g l(-1), respectively. Itaconic acid yields of 28.5+/-2.2 and 31.0+/-1.7 g l(-1) were obtained with acid and alpha-amylase hydrolyzed corn starch. The efficiency of itaconic acid production by this wild type strain was improved by ultraviolet, chemical and mixed mutagenic treatments. Two high itaconic acid yielding mutants, N45 and UNCS1 were obtained by gradient plating. These two mutants were capable of producing twice the yield of itaconic acid as the parent strain.     

Process development of itaconic acid production by a natural wild type strain of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aspergillus terreus</Emphasis> to reach industrially relevant final titers

Itaconic acid is a promising organic acid and is commercially produced by submerged fermentation of Aspergillus terreus. The cultivation process of the sensitive filamentous fungus has been studied intensively since 1932, with respect to fermentation media components, oxygen supply, shearing rate, pH value, or culture method. Whereas increased final titers were achieved over the years, the productivity has so far remained quite low. In this study, the impact of the pH on the itaconic acid production was investigated in detail. The pH during the growth and production phase had a significant influence on the final itaconic acid concentration and pellet diameter. The highest itaconic acid concentration of 160 g/L was achieved at a 1.5-L scale within 6.7 days by raising and controlling the pH value to pH 3.4 in the production phase. An ammonia solution and an increased phosphate concentration were used with an itaconic acid yield of 0.46 (w/w) and an overall productivity of 0.99 g/L/h in a fed-batch mode. A cultivation with a lower phosphate concentration resulted in an equal final concentration with an increased yield of 0.58 (w/w) after 11.8 days and an overall productivity of 0.57 g/L/h. This optimized process was successfully transferred from a 1.5-L scale to a 15-L scale. After 9.7 days, comparable pellet morphology and a final concentration of 150 g/L itaconic acid was reached. This paper provides a process strategy to yield a final titer of itaconic acid from a wild-type strain of A. terreus which is in the same range as the well-known citric acid production.     

Synthesis of itaconic acid from agricultural waste using novel Aspergillus niveus

Abstract

Filamentous fungi from the genus Aspergillus are of high importance for the production of organic acids. Itaconic acid (IA) is considered as an important component for the production of synthetic fibers, resin, plastics, rubber, paints, coatings, adhesives, thickeners and binders. Aspergillus niveus MG183809 was isolated from the soil sample (wastewater unit) which was collected from Avadi, Chennai, India. In the present study, itaconic acid was successfully produced by isolated A. niveus by submerged batch fermentation. In the fermentation process, various low-cost substrates like corn starch, wheat flour and sweet potato were used for itaconic acid production. Further, the factor influencing parameters such as substrate concentration and incubation period were optimized. Maximum yield of itaconic acid (15.65?±?1.75?g/L) was achieved by using A. niveus from corn starch at a concentration of 120?g/L after 168?hr (pH 3.0). And also extraction of itaconic acid from the fermentation was performed with 91.96?±?1.57 degree of extraction.     

布雷菲尔德菌素A高产菌的选育和发酵条件优化

研究了选育布雷菲尔德茵素A(BFA)高产茵和优化发酵条件.采用紫外线照射(UV)、亚硝基胍(NTG)和UV+NTG复合诱变处理BFA产生茵Eupenicillum sp.E-0506筛选突变株后进一步发酵选育;采用单因素筛选结合正交试验考察摇瓶装液量、转速等因素的影响.试验所确定的BFA产生茵的孢子诱变适宜条件为:孢子...     

Model-based metabolic engineering enables high yield itaconic acid production by Escherichia coli

Itaconic acid is a high potential platform chemical which is currently industrially produced by Aspergillus terreus. Heterologous production of itaconic acid with Escherichia coli could help to overcome limitations of A. terreus regarding slow growth and high sensitivity to oxygen supply. However, the performance achieved so far with E. coli strains is still low.We introduced a plasmid (pCadCS) carrying genes for itaconic acid production into E. coli and applied a model-based approach to construct a high yield production strain. Based on the concept of minimal cut sets, we identified intervention strategies that guarantee high itaconic acid yield while still allowing growth. One cut set was selected and the corresponding genes were iteratively knocked-out. As a conceptual novelty, we pursued an adaptive approach allowing changes in the model and initially calculated intervention strategy if a genetic modification induces changes in byproduct formation. Using this approach, we iteratively implemented five interventions leading to high yield itaconic acid production in minimal medium with glucose as substrate supplemented with small amounts of glutamic acid. The derived E. coli strain (ita23: MG1655 ∆aceA ∆sucCD ∆pykA ∆pykF ∆pta ∆Picd::cam_BBa_J23115 pCadCS) synthesized 2.27 g/l itaconic acid with an excellent yield of 0.77 mol/(mol glucose). In a fed-batch cultivation, this strain produced 32 g/l itaconic acid with an overall yield of 0.68 mol/(mol glucose) and a peak productivity of 0.45 g/l/h. These values are by far the highest that have ever been achieved for heterologous itaconic acid production and indicate that realistic applications come into reach.     

衣康酸发酵研究进展

衣康酸作为一种平台化合物,可被各行业广泛用于多种高附加值产品的生产,其更是具有替代传统石油基原料的潜力,在工业生产中有着重要地位与应用前景。目前,衣康酸主要由土曲霉深层好氧发酵生产,碳源、氮源、磷酸盐、金属离子、溶解氧、pH、温度等条件对其产量影响显著。在衣康酸生产中,原料成本高是阻碍其市场进一步扩大与发展的重要因素。木质纤维素原料来源广泛、价格低廉,是理想的低成本碳源底物。研究利用木质纤维素水解液作为替代碳源生产衣康酸有望降低生产成本,对推动其发展应用具有重要意义。