10株水痘带状疱疹病毒的分离鉴定与生物学特性

用Vero-E6细胞从12例水痘及带状疱疹病人水疱液中分离到10株病毒,分离阳性率为83.3%.10株病毒均具有使感染细胞圆缩、融合、脱落等典型的VZV局灶性细胞病变(CPE)特点,CPE随着传代次数增加而加快.用带状疱疹恢复期病人血清作间接免疫荧光染色镜检,可见典型的感染细胞核内荧光块.10株病毒感染细胞制成的抗原片,检测5例带状疱疹病人急性期及恢复期血清,荧光抗体滴度均有4倍以上增高.VZV对Vero细胞敏感;对沙鼠肾,胎兔肾,胎豚鼠肾、肺、脾原代单层细胞不敏感;对乳小白鼠不敏感.毒种在-20℃保存一周内死亡;但在30%脱脂牛奶、20%小牛血清及10%山梨醇Eagle's液中,液体或真空冷冻干燥-100℃可保存二年以上.     

犬瘟热病毒细胞膜受体的鉴定

犬瘟热病毒（ＣＤＶ）敏感细胞Ｖｅｒｏ用ＳＤＳ或ＲＩＰＡ溶解缓冲液溶解,利用病毒铺覆蛋白印迹技术（ＶＯＰＢＡ）鉴定犬瘟热病毒疫苗株（ＣＤＶ－ｏｎｄｅｓｔｅｐｏｏｒｔ）的细胞受体。结果发现,在Ｖｅｒｏ细胞上有两组ＣＤＶ结合蛋白质,即高分子量组蛋白质（１２７ｋＤ、１２０ｋＤ、１１０ｋＤ）与低分子量组蛋白质（２７ｋＤ和３０ｋＤ）。这些ＣＤＶ结合蛋白组分的性质及在ＣＤＶ致病中的作用有等进一步研究。     

禽呼肠孤病毒变异株的分离鉴定

从病鸡肝分离到一株病毒,经电镜检查、理化特性分析、核酸电泳和中和试验等证明它为禽呼肠孤病毒（ＡＲＶ）。该病毒只在鸡胚肝细胞（ＣＥＬｉ）上产生细胞病变（ＣＰＥ）,在鸡胚成纤维细胞（ＣＥＦ）和Ｖ＿（ｅｒｏ）细胞上不增殖,它对热无敏感,Ｍｇ￣（２＋）不能增强其对热的稳定性,其基因组中的４个小节段的迁移率与ＡＲＶＦＤＯ和Ｓ＿（１１３３）株明显不同,表明它是不同于ＦＤＯ和Ｓ＿（１１３３）的ＡＲＶ变异株。     

广东两株人免疫缺陷病毒的分离和鉴定

从我省两名经性途径感染艾滋病的病人中采血,分离外周血单核细胞（ＰＢＭＣｓ）,将其与正常人ＰＢＭＣｓ共培养分离人免疫缺陷病毒（ＨＩＶ）,３周后检测上清ＨＩＶ－１ｐ２４抗原（ＥＬＩＳＡ法）超过阈值。将共培养第四周细胞和上清分别感染Ｈ９细胞（Ｔ细胞淋巴瘤传代细胞）,一周后检测ＨＩＶ－１ ｐ２４怕,证明有病毒生长。用ＨＩＶ－１ ＥＮＶ基因引物的套式聚合酶链反应（Ｎｅｓｔｅｄ ＰＣＲ）证实,两株新分离的病毒     

从一名国内感染的艾滋病人分离人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）

从一名国内感染的艾滋病人采血,分离其外周血单核细胞（ＰＭＣｓ）。首先与正常的ＰＭＣｓ共培养,４周后检测其ＨＩＶ－１ｐ２４抗原（ＥＬＩＳＡ）达到峰值。用此时的细胞及其上清分别感染Ｊｕｒｋａｔ－ｔａｔ、ＣＥＭ、ＭＴ４细胞,可很快地在这三株细胞中检测到ＨＩＶ生长,ＨＩＶ在Ｊｕｒｋａｔ－ｔａｔ细胞中生长情况最好,同时用病人血清直接感染Ｊｕｒｋａｔ－ｔａｔ和ＭＴ４细胞,４周后检测其细胞上清ＨＩＶ－１ｐ２４抗原（ＥＬＩＳＡ法）为阳性,但ＯＤ值很低（约为ＰＭＣ共培养组的一半）。用病人的少量全血与正常ＰＭＣｓ共培养,得到的结果与分离病人ＰＭＣｓ法相近。应用间接免疫荧光法（ＩＦＡ）、免疫酶法（ＩＥＡ）、蛋白印迹法及ＨＩＶ－１ＰＯｌ基因和Ｅｎｖ基因特异引物的聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）等证实为ＨＩＶ－１病毒。分离的ＨＩＶ在Ｊｕｒｋａｔ－ｔａｔ细胞中连续传代,细胞被感染后２－３天即出现以大量融合细胞为主的细胞病变,感染后７－１０天细胞几乎全部死亡。病毒在连续传代过程中的生长特征及致细胞病变特征不变。此病毒命名为ＣＡ－２毒株。     

从病人外周血单个核细胞中检测HHV－6：分离培养和基因扩增

收集婴幼儿急疹及淋巴系统增生性疾病患者外周血单个核细胞进行体外培养,从７例婴幼儿急疹及２例淋巴系统增生性疾病患者中分离出一种病毒,此病毒能在ＰＨＡ激活的人脐血单个核细胞中传代生长,产生典型ＣＰＥ：形成气球样巨细胞。电镜下观察,感染细胞中可见直径１８０ｎｍ左右,有包膜,疱疹样病毒颗粒;血清学试验证明分离株与ＨＳＶ－１,２、ＨＣＭＶ、及ＥＢＶ无抗原交叉,而与ＨＨＶ－６ＧＳ株间存在抗原一致性;多聚酶链反应表明该分离株ＨＨＶ－６特异性ＤＮＡ阳性;综合以上结果,初步认为该分离株为ＨＨＶ－６。同时还用ｐＣＲ法对所收集的标本直接检测ＨＨＶ－６特异性ＤＮＡ。ＰＣＲ法与病毒分离法相比较,前者ＨＨＶ－６检出率为８８．８％（１６／１８）．后者为３８．９％（７／１８）。     

RT—nested PCR检测肾综合征出血热患者血清病毒核酸

采用异硫氰酸胍－酚－氯仿（ＡＧＰＣ）一步法提取病毒ＲＮＡ,并依据肾综合征出血热病毒（ＨＦＲＳＶ）核蛋白（ＮＰ）编码基因保守区核苷酸序列合成两对巢式引物,建立了逆转录巢式聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ｎｅｓｔｅｄＰＣＲ）检测ＨＦＲＳＶＲＮＡ方法,应用此法对ＨＦＲＳＶ感染的ＶｅｒｏＥ６细胞培养液及ＨＦＲＳ患者血清中的病毒ＲＮＡ进行检测。结果显示,感染细胞培养液及３５例ＨＦＲＳ患者血清均为阳性,正常的ＶｅｒｏＥ６     

汉滩病毒感染诱导热休克蛋白70表达

为了解汉滩病毒感染后细胞的应激反应及ＨＳＰ７０的表达与病毒复制的关系,在汉滩病毒Ａ９株感染Ｖｅｒｏ－Ｅ６细胞后,用免疫组织化学及核酸分子原位杂交法,对细胞ＨＳＰ７０基因的表达进行了检测。结果表明,汉滩病毒感染细胞４ｈｙ后即可诱导Ｖｅｒｐ－Ｅ６细胞表达ＨＳＰ７０,表达可持续至感染后５ｄ且ＨＳＰ７０在细胞内的分布也有改变。提示汉滩病毒可直接诱导ＨＳＰ７０的高表达。     

抗丙肝病毒核心抗原单克隆抗体的研制与初步鉴定

用基因工程重组技术获得的丙肝病毒（ＨＣＶ）核心蛋白抗原与鼠血清白蛋白交联后免疫Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠,用杂交瘤技术成功地建立了４株稳定分泌抗核心抗原单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,试验结果表明,该４株ＭｃＡｂｓ与免疫抗原及核心区Ｃ３３肽、ＣＰ９、ＣＰ１０抗原有较强的抗原－抗体反应,与ＨＣＶ ＮＳ３、ＮＳ４、ＮＳ５无反应,在竞争ＥＬＩＳＡ中,对ＨＣＶ－ＩｇＧ阳性血清有较好的抑制作用。４株ＭｃＡｂｓ中３株为ＩｇＧ２     

免疫印迹法在实验大鼠汉坦病毒监测中的应用及与间接免疫荧光法之比较

用汉坦病毒汉滩株（７６－１１８）重组核蛋白作为免疫印迹法（ＷｅｓｔｅｒｎＢｌｏｔ以下简称ＷＢ）的诊断抗原,用于实验感染大鼠血清抗体效价测定。同时与用汉城株（ＳＲ－１１）感染的Ｖｅｒｏ－Ｅ６细胞作抗原的间接免疫荧光法（以下简称ＩＦＡ）进行比较。ＷＢ法对３／４标本在大鼠接种病毒后第３天测得血清ＩｇＭ阳性,而ＩＦＡ法仅１／４标本出现阳性,ＩＦＡ效价为１：５１２０的血清,ＷＢ效价为１’：４０９６０,且在血清１：１０稀释时反应带亦清晰。两种方法分别测定６４份大鼠血清。甩ＩＦＡ法,４４份（６８．８％）出现类似阳性的荧光颗粒,而用ＷＢ法测定,无特异的反应带出现。非感染Ｖｅｒｏ－Ｅ６细胞作ＩＦＡ抗原,３０份（４６．９％）与正常细胞抗原有反应,此结果表明ＷＢ法在特异性和敏感性方面均高于ＩＦＡ法。ＩＦＡ法中的非特异性反应系血清与细胞成份之反应。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.