新型肌苷新生菌——产氨短杆菌GMBA—800选育和特性的初步研究

采用多种方法诱变获得一株新型肌苷产生菌－－产氨短杆菌ＧＭＢＡ－８００,对其生长和发酵条件进行初步研究。肌苷产量从５ｇ／Ｌ提高到１８．４１ｇ／Ｌ,发酵周期从８４ｈ缩短为６３ｈ。菌株遗传性状稳定。     

枯草芽孢杆菌C1—B941的D—核糖发酵中间试验

使用转酮醇酶变异株－枯草芽孢杆菌Ｃ１－Ｂ９４１进行了Ｄ－核糖发酵中间试验。３０００Ｌ发酵罐试验结果表明,发酵培养基中的葡萄糖浓度为１８％时,发酵周期约为６４ｈ,发酵转化率达３６．８４％,发酵液经离子交换树脂纯化后,可以直接用于生产ＶＢ２合成的中间体－Ｎ－Ｄ－核糖醇基－３,４－二甲苯胺。     

肌苷产生菌缺失核苷水解酶活性突变株选育及其发酵生产试验

以枯草芽孢杆菌ＪＳＩＭ－１０１９为出发菌株,经物理、化学诱变剂连续处理,获得一株缺失核苷水解酶活性的突变株ＪＳＩＭ－Ｂ－１９８。该突变株不能降解肌苷,应用于发酵生产中,肌苷产量显著增加。在２００００升发酵罐中,连续１０罐批,平均产肌苷８．３８ｇ／Ｌ,对糖转化率２１．９８％,发酵周期５０ｈ￣６０ｈ,该菌株遗传性能稳定,已在工业生产中应用。     

新型肌苷产生菌──产氨短杆菌GMBA—800选育和特性的初步研究

采用多种方法诱变获得一株新型肌苷产生菌──产氨短杆菌（Ｂｒｅｖｉｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍａｍｍｏｎｉａｇｅｎｅｓ）ＧＭＢＡ－８００（具有腺嘌呤、生物素双重营养缺陷型和对８－氮杂鸟嘌呤、磺胺胍、６－流基嘌呤有抗性）,对其生长和发酵条件进行初步研究。肌苷产量从５ｇ／Ｌ提高到１８．４１ｇ／Ｌ,发酵周期从８４ｈ缩短为６３ｈ。菌株遗传性状稳定。     

苏芸金杆菌发酵生产工艺改进研究：Ⅰ芽孢接种和营养体接种比较

苏芸金杆菌液体深层发酵中用营养体接种二级发酵工艺和用二级发酵初期培养物作种子进行三级发酵工艺是可行的。试验结果表明：二级发酵种子罐营养体最佳移种茵龄为９ｈ左右,此时营养体数量多、整齐、染色均匀,显微镜下菌体有折光点存在,三级接种营养体菌龄约为４ｈ左右,菌体数量多,同步率高,少量染色不均匀。发酵液含菌数和发酵产品毒力均达到芽抱接种相同水平,但生产周期明显缩短４－５ｈ,因此相应提高发酵罐生产能力２０％。     

高密度发酵生产突变型重组人肿瘤坏死因子rhTNFα-DK2的研究

通过对发酵基质和发酵关键参数的优化,确定了发酵培养基的磷酸盐浓度为０．１５Ｍ,甘油浓度为１．２ｍｌ／Ｌ,补料中甘油浓度为２０ｍｌ／Ｌ,发酵过程中溶解氧控制在３０％～６０％,ｐＨ控制在６．８５左右。在５Ｌ在ＮＢＳ－Ｂｉｏｆｌｏ３０００型自动控制发酵罐中采取加速补料的补料分批培养,重组大肠杆菌ＹＫ５３７／ｐＳＢ－ＴＫ经１０ｈ３０°Ｃ培养和５ｈ４２°Ｃ诱导培养,最终密度达到６０ＯＤ６００,ｒｈＴＮＦα－ＤＫ２的表达量占菌体总蛋白的５０％以上,每升发酵液纯化可得到近２ｇ的ｒｈＴＮＦα－ＤＫ２。     

原材料对甘油发酵影响的研究

以木薯干片,木薯淀粉,玉米淀粉的水解糖为原料,采用好氧深层发酵法进行甘油发酵。以木薯干片为原料时,甘油产率最高为１１－１２％,全糖转化率为４７－４９％,发酵周期为６０－６６ｈ;而以玉米淀粉为原料,甘油产率仅８－９％,全糖转化率３８－４０％,发酵周期却需７２小时以上     

新组合菌系SCB329—SCB933利用L—山梨糖发酵产生维生素C前体2—酮基—L—…

在分析了新组合菌系ＳＣＢ３２９－ＳＣＢ９３３发酵过程特征的基础上,对流加发酵工艺中的种子培养、ｐＨ、溶氧的控制,以及发酵液初始培养基中的Ｌ－山梨糖浓度和流加起始点进行了优化,获得了比分批发酵更为满意的结果：发酵最终总糖达１３％（ｗ／ｖ）左右,发酵周期４０￣５０ｈ,产２－酮基－Ｌ－古龙酸达１１５－１３０ｍｇ／ｍｌ,克分子转化率达８８ｍｏｌ％左右。     

新组合菌系SCB329-SCB933利用L-山梨糖发酵产生维生素C前体2-酮基-L-古龙酸的研究Ⅲ.发酵过程的特征和条件控制

在分析了新组合菌系ＳＣＢ３２９－ＳＣＢ９３３发酵过程特征的基础上,对流加发酵工艺中的种子培养、ｐＨ、溶氧的控制,以及发酵液初始培养基中的Ｌ－山梨糖浓度和流加起始点进行了优化,获得了比分批发酵更为满意的结果：发酵最终总糖达１３％（ｗ／ｖ）左右,发酵周期４０～５０ｈ,产２－酮基－Ｌ－古龙酸达１１５－１３０ｍｇ／ｍｌ,克分子转化率达８８ｍｏｌ％左右。     

高密度培养大肠杆菌YK537／pSBHL—11生产重组人细胞白介素—3

在Ｂ．Ｂｒａｕ ＥＳ－１０型１５Ｌ和ＮＢＳ ＤｉｏＦｌｏ３０００型５Ｌ发酵罐中,利用补料分批培养技术高工表达培养含重组质粒ｐＳＢＨＬ－１１的大肠杆菌ＹＫ５３７,生产重组人白细胞介素－３（ＩＬ－３）,发现在发酵过程中,限制性流加甘油,控制溶解氧在３０％－４０％左右,３０℃生长,１１ｈ,４２℃诱导培养４ｈ,能将发酵液中最终菌体密度从ＯＤ１６６００提高到ＯＤ５３６００,并且保持了白细胞介素－３的表达量。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.