基于网络微平台教学的微生物学实验精细化及个性化教学改革

为更好地适应信息化时代的微生物学实验教学特点,全面落实培养学生创新能力的全新微生物学实验教学手段体系的目标,在本次教改过程中,我们根据学生性格特点、学习成绩、爱好取向等多方面因素,对实验课程进行了精细化、个性化的分组,同时针对性地选取现代化网络微平台开展实验教学(课堂派、微助教、雨课堂、UMU、班级优化大师等),并进行了为期一年的试点改革。改革结果发现,基于网络微平台的精细化及个性化的混合交互式教学,促进了教学由"定性分析"向"精准定量分析"转变。学生深感多层次微生物学实验教学体系配合精细化教学手段和工具,能更加有助于个性化实践学习,极大激发了学习兴趣,提高了学习效果,全面提升了学生的综合创新能力。     

微生物学实验网上预习与管理系统及其在实验教学中的应用

实验预习是实验教学的首要环节,是学生在开放实验室高效实验的基本保证.针对我校微生物学实验的教学特点和要求,开发设计了微生物学实验网上预习与管理系统并应用于微生物实验教学中.该系统集学生预习和教师管理于一体,每个实验都包括有实验目的,实验原理、实验材料与仪器设备、实验演示、模拟实验和预习测试等6个环节.教学实践证明,该系统的应用从根本上确保了学生实验预习的质量,使实验教学管理更加规范、标准和高效,有效地保证了微生物实验教学质量.     

体现不同专业特色的微生物学实验教学改革研究

总结了微生物学实验教学的改革与实践.根据专业特点设置基础验证性实验以加强基本操作技能训练,开设有专业特色的综合、设计性实验强化学生综合实践能力培养,利用创新性实验促进培养学生创新能力,并依托网络化的实验教学信息平台与完善的实验室管理制度实施开放实验,构建了体现专业特色的微生物学实验教学体系.实践证明,体现专业特色的微生物学实验教学改革,提高了实验效率与实验教学质量.     

创建多层次微生物学实验教学体系培养科研创新型人才

"微生物学"课程是高等教育生命科学教学中一门重要的基础课程。微生物学实验作为独立于微生物学理论课的基础实验课,对学生基本实验技能的培养和综合素质的提高,培养学生探索精神、创新意识和创新能力方面起着至关重要的作用。南开大学微生物学教学实验室依托"微生物学"国家重点学科、"教育部分子微生物学重点实验室"和"国家级生物实验教学示范中心",建立了多级别分层次的微生物学实验教学体系;确立了由基础性实验、综合性实验、创新性实验相结合的实验内容;同时充分利用本校教学科研资源优势,为学生搭建了多级别的科研创新训练实践平台,着重培养学生的科研素质、创新意识和创新能力,在微生物学科研创新型人才的培养中发挥了重要的作用。     

基于建构主义学习理论的微生物学实验课程教学新模式

建构主义学习理论在高等院校人才培养模式改革中日益受到关注.运用建构主义学习理论观点,在微生物实验课程教学中构建基础实验和自主实验专题相结合的实验教学内容新体系,运用多媒体和网络技术创造良好的学习情境和高效的师生沟通平台,建立更为全面、客观和合理的多重实验考核体系.这有利于激发学生对微生物学实验的兴趣,调动学生的主观能动性,提高微生物学实验教学的实际效率和教学质量.     

从原核基因组步移文库构建谈微生物学实验教学改革

针对微生物学实验教学内容中存在的不足,结合微生物学探究性实验教学实践,以原核基因组步移文库构建实验为例,讨论了微生物学实验教学内容和方法的改革,为微生物学实验教学改革提供参考。     

生物工程专业微生物学实验教学改革探讨

针对生物工程专业微生物学实验教学改革中遇到的问题,结合自身教学实践,从实验时序性、开放性实验、考核考勤体制及教学方法等方面,提出如何提高微生物学实验教学质量、提高学生创新能力和学习能力。     

基于“互联网+”探究型实验教学模式在“微生物学实验”课程中的探索与应用

从"微生物学实验"课程教学内容和方法改革入手,针对中医药高等院校"微生物学实验"教学的新挑战和新要求,以互联网为基础,构建三大网络教学平台,运用多种教学资源和方法,整合实验教学内容,采用模块化实验教学模式,开展以研究型实验为主的实验项目进行教学改革的探索和应用,旨在不断提高"微生物学实验"课程的教学质量,培养医学生的科研思维能力、创新能力和团队协作精神,并提高学生的综合素质。     

工科院校微生物学实验教学改革与实践

传统的微生物学实验教学方法和内容存在着许多不足。因此, 我们从实验教学内容、教学模式和实验考核方法等方面进行了改革和探索, 将微生物学实验单独设课, 并增设了微生物学综合实验。结果显示新的实验教学模式更有利于培养学生的动手能力、创新能力以及综合能力, 其教学效果大大提高。     

微视频资源在微生物学实验教学中的应用

微生物学实验是生物类各专业的一门基础课程,该课程对学生基础操作技能的提高和创新能力的培养至关重要。针对传统教学模式中存在的问题,本文结合微视频直观生动、短小精炼的特点,制备基本操作微视频、课件微视频及学生实验微视频3类教学资源。通过与其他教学手段和考评方法相结合,实现了微视频资源在实验教学环节中的有效应用,该教学模式激发了学生的学习兴趣和自学潜能,提升了课堂教学效果和学生的实践创新能力。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.