电针对用缓激肽刺激胆囊表面所诱发的心血管反应的抑制效应

在α氯醛糖麻醉的猫上,结扎左心室冠状动脉前降支（ＬＡＤ）一小分支,对动物胆囊浆膜面予以缓激肽（ＢＫ）,可反射性地诱发血压、左心室内压升高、±ｄＰ／ｄｔｍａｘ增大、心率加快,同时用超声单晶片声纳测微系统记录局部心壁运动,发现ＢＫ可以反射性地引起ＬＡＤ小分支远端所支配的心肌运动功能减弱。电针内关穴对ＢＫ诱发的升压反应有抑制作用,并可改善局部心肌运动功能。静脉注射纳洛酮（０４ｍｇ／ｋｇ）能翻转电针效应。结果表明,电针能够抑制ＢＫ诱发的升压反应和改善局部心肌运动功能,该效应与内源性阿片肽有关。     

一氧化氮/内皮素在大鼠胃粘膜损伤中的作用及电针的调整效应

用酒精灌胃引起大鼠胃粘膜损伤模型,观察内皮衍生因子（ＮＯ／ＥＴ）的含量变化和电针对胃粘膜损伤调整作用,结果发现：酒精灌胃后,胃粘膜血流量（ＧＭＢＦ）、跨壁电位差,血ＮＯ含量降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）,血浆ＥＴ含量和胃粘膜损伤指数（ＬＩ）增高（Ｐ〈０．０１）。Ｌ－精氨酸（Ｌ－Ａｒｇ）或硝普钠（ＳＮＰ）灌注预处理后（ｉｖ）,ＮＯ含量和ＧＭＢＦ明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＥＴ含量和ＬＩ指数下降（Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

Alterations in the Function of Cerebral Dopaminergic and Serotonergic Systems Following Electroacupuncture and Moxibustion Applications: Possible Correlates with Their Antistress and Psychosomatic Actions

Alterations in cerebral monoamines following application of electroacupuncture were investigated using conscious rats with and without application of restraining stress. The dopamine and serotonin levels were significantly decreased in the nucleus accumbens, caudate putamen, and lateral hypothalamus and increased in the dorsal raphe nucleus by restraining stress. On the other hand, application of electroacupuncture on the lumbar and hindlimb segments eliminated the above changes in dopamine, while the changes in serotonin were attenuated by lumbar and hindlimb electroacupuncture. However, the effects of hindlimb electroacupuncture were greater than those of lumbar electroacupuncture. These results clearly indicate that lumbar and hindlimb electroacupuncture stimulations have differential effects on brain monoaminergic neurons in rats exposed to restraining stress. Moxa burning stimulation was applied to the lumbar and hindlimb segments of rats without restraining stress. The dopamine level was significantly increased in the midbrain substantia nigra-ventrotegmental area by hindlimb moxibusion. On the other hand, the serotonin levels were significantly increased in the nucleus amygdala by lumber moxibusion and decreased in the nucleus accumbens by hindlimb moxibusion. The present results indicate that electroacupuncture applied to the lumbar and hindlimb segments has an antistress effect, while the application of moxibustion to the lumbar and hindlimb segments was likely to stimulate the functions of mesocortical and mesolimbic dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons. We suggest that functional alterations in cerebral dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons are involved in the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture and moxibustion, especially because of their antistress and psychosomatic actions.     

中脑导水管周围灰质内神经降压素在电针镇痛中的作用

本工作以钾离子透入法引起大鼠甩尾反应的电流强度为痛反应指标,测定动物痛阈,观察到大鼠中脑导水管周围灰质（ＰＡＧ）内注入神经降压素（ＮＴ）后,大鼠痛阈和电针镇痛效应明显升高;注入抗神经降压素血清后,痛阈和电针镇痛效应明显降低。注入纳洛酮后,可明显减弱ＮＴ镇痛和电针镇痛的效应。提示,ＰＡＧ内ＮＴ参与电针镇痛的病理生理过程,且至少部分效应是通过内源性阿片肽系统中介的     

纳洛酮和阿托品翻转电针抑制关节炎大鼠束旁核神经元伤害性反应的作用

用急性佐剂性关节炎大鼠作为病理性疼痛的实验模型,以丘脑束旁核中对伤害性刺激发生兴奋反应的单位放电作为指标,观察电针的影响,并分析其机制。实验发现电针能明显抑制伤害性反应;脑室注射阿片受体阻断剂纳洛酮（４μｇ／１０μｌ）或Ｍ受体阻断剂阿托品（５μｇ／１０μｌ）均能翻转电针的这种抑制作用。实验还发现脑室注射纳洛酮或阿托品对关节炎大鼠束旁核神经元自发放电有增频作用。实验结果提示：电针对关节炎大鼠丘脑束旁核神经元伤害性反应的抑制,可能是通过脑内阿片系统和胆碱能系统而发挥作用的;这两个系统对关节炎大鼠丘脑束旁核神经元自发放电可能有紧张性抑制作用。     

在清醒家兔中电针可易化脑室内注射高张溶液的促尿钠排出作用

在清醒家兔中,侧脑室内注射高张盐溶液50μl能引起血压升高、心率减慢、肾神经放电抑制、尿量和游离水清除率降低、尿渗透压和尿渗透压/血浆渗透压比值升高,而尿钠排出量、渗透清除率、肾血流量和肾小球滤过率则无明显改变。在电针刺激相当于“足三里”和“上巨虚”穴的部位时,脑室内注射高张溶液后肾神经放电抑制的程度加深,放电抑制的时间延长,同时尿钠排出量和渗透清除率显著增加;但血压、心率、游离水清除率、尿渗透压和尿渗透压/血浆渗透压比值等指标的改变与不予电针的动物相同。电针本身并不引起尿钠排出增多。在电针的动物中,给予阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮或特培诺啡对于脑室内注射高张盐溶液的促尿钠排出效应没有影响;但在切除双侧肾神经后,脑室内注射高张盐溶液不再能引起尿钠排出增多。上述结果提示,电针可能加强脑室内注射高张盐溶液引起的肾神经活动抑制的效应,从而使肾脏排钠增加。     

中枢催产素在电针镇痛中的作用

本工作以钾离子透入法引起大鼠甩尾反应的电流强度(mA)为痛反应指标,观察了侧脑室注射催产素(OT)及抗催产素血清(AOTS)对大鼠痛阈和电针镇痛效应的影响。注射50 ngOT 后80min 内,大鼠痛阈比注药前增加20—38%。与注射生理盐水组的痛阈相比有非常明显的增高(p<0.01—0.001),侧脑室注射 OT 后电针期内,痛阈增加139—234%,与生理盐水电针组相比,有显著差异(P<0.05—0.01)。OT 的剂量在25—100ng 范围内,其增强电针镇痛效应有明显的剂量-效应关系。注射 AOTS 后,电针镇痛应明显低于注射正常兔血清(NRS)组(p<0.05—0.01)。上述结果表明,侧脑室注射 OT,既可提高痛阈又可明显地增强电针镇痛效应,而用 AOTS消除内源性 OT 的作用后,电针镇痛效应明显降低。这提示,中枢神经系统内的 OT 在电针镇痛过程中,发挥一定的作用     

电针对庆大霉素耳毒性的预防作用

目的和方法 :本实验用耳廓反射 (PR)、脑干听觉诱发电位 (BAEP)、组织化学方法 ,观察电针疗法对豚鼠庆大霉素 (GE)耳毒性的防治作用 ,并探讨其机制。结果 :电针疗法能降低GE引起的PR阈值和BAEP反应阈的上移幅度及BAEP波峰潜伏期和波峰间期的延长 ,能维持毛细胞溶酶体的完整 ,防止毛细胞的自溶性破坏。结论 :电针疗法有对抗GE耳毒性作用。维持耳蜗毛细胞内溶酶体完整 ,防止溶酶体内水解酶的逸出而发生细胞自溶 ,可能是电针疗法的作用机制之一。     

Electroacupuncture inhibits apoptosis in annulus fibrosis cells through suppression of the mitochondria-dependent pathway in a rat model of cervical intervertebral disc degradation

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether treatment with electroacupuncture (EA) inhibited mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in annulus fibrosis (AF) cells in a rat model of cervical intervertebral disc degradation induced by unbalanced dynamic and static forces. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study, of which 30 underwent surgery to induce cervical intervertebral disc degradation, 10 rats received EA at acupoints Dazhui (DU 14) and Shousanli (LI 10). TUNEL staining was measured to assess apoptosis in AF cells, immunohistochemistry was used to examine Bcl-2 and Bax expression, colorimetric assays were used to determine caspase 9 and caspase 3 activities and RT-PCR and western blotting were used to assess the mRNA and protein expression of Crk and ERK2. Treatment with EA reduced the number of AF-positive cells in TUNEL staining, increased Bcl-2-positive cells and decreased Bax-positive cells in immunohistochemical staining, significantly inhibited the activation of caspases-9 and −3, and enhanced the mRNA and protein expression of Crk and ERK2. Our data show that EA inhibits AF cell apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway and up-regulates Crk and ERK2 expression. These results suggest that treatment with may be a good alternative therapy for preventing cervical spondylosis.     

不同强度电针对肥胖大鼠脂肪组织炎症相关因子的影响

探讨不同强度电针对肥胖大鼠脂肪组织核因子-κBp65(NF-κBp65)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的作用差异.将SD大鼠随机分为普通饮食组、高脂饮食组、5 V电针组、2.5 V电针组,除普通饮食组外其余各组大鼠均饲以高脂饲料.取"足三里"、"三阴交"穴,不同强度电针治疗14 d后,用蛋白质印迹技术(Western blot)检测肥胖大鼠附睾脂肪组织NF-κBp65的表达,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测肥胖大鼠附睾脂肪组织MCP-1、TNF-α的含量.研究发现两电针组肥胖大鼠体重、Lee’s指数、脂肪组织中NF-κBp65表达、MCP-1和TNF-α含量较高脂饮食组显著降低(P<0.01),5 V电针组较2.5 V电针组下降效果更为明显(P<0.01,P<0.05).结果表明电针可改善肥胖脂肪组织炎症反应状态,减轻肥胖大鼠体重,且5 V电针组效果优于2.5 V电针组.