理解运动行为抑制调控的新视角：乙酰胆碱门控氯离子通道受体

Acetylcholine, the first identified neurotransmitter, plays crucial roles in various brain functions. One well-known case is its involvement as an activating neurotransmitter in the regulation of locomotion. However, its inhibitory regulatory role, particularly in locomotion, remains poorly understood. In a study conducted by Polat et al., the authors investigated the inhibitory role of acetylcholine in locomotion in C. elegans. In this organism, the acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptor consists of four subunits. The authors thoroughly examined the loss-of-function of each subunit in movement regulation. Interestingly, the mutant worms were still capable of performing various movements such as forward, backward crawling, and turning, suggesting that the overall movement was not significantly affected. However, quantitative behavior analysis revealed subtle yet significant differences in the timing and postures of the movement in these mutants. Furthermore, the authors employed optogenetics to stimulate a specific neuron involved in backward crawling and demonstrated that the loss-of-function of the receptors in individual neurons affects the transitioning between locomotion modes. This work provides evidence for the inhibitory regulatory role of acetylcholine in locomotion. The loss-of-function of acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptors likely disrupts the balance of neuronal and circuit physiology, thereby affecting the regulation of locomotion. Moreover, this study highlights the powerful role of quantitative behavior analysis in discovering and understanding more sophisticated functions of neural circuits.     

侧脑室注射促甲状腺激素释放激素对大鼠睡眠—觉醒的影响

采用多导睡眠描记术研究了例脑室注射促甲状腺激素释放激素(TRH)对正常大鼠和去甲状腺大鼠睡眠-觉醒的影响。在正常大鼠,TRH引起觉醒增加,浅慢波睡眠(SWS_1)、深慢波睡眠(SWS_2)和总睡眠时间(TST)均减少,异相睡眠(PS)消失,SWS_1、SWS_2和PS的潜伏期均显著延长,给药后立即产生效应并在1h内达高峰。去甲状腺对大鼠的睡眠-觉醒无明显影响,注射TRH后引起的效应与正常大鼠相似。结果提示TRH有促进大鼠觉醒的作用,对各睡眠时相均有抑制作用,其作用部位可能在下丘脑以外的中枢结构。     

黄蝉和姜花生殖细胞内肌动蛋白微丝的定位

用荧光标记的鬼笔碱染色，对离体的黄蝉和姜花的生殖细胞内肌动蛋白微丝的分布进行了研究．结果证明两种植物的生殖细胞内部都存在一个微丝网络．黄蝉生殖细胞的比姜花的简单，微丝束较粗。但姜花生殖细胞的网络微丝束比黄蝉的更紧密地环绕着核。用免疫荧光技术在黄蝉生殖细胞的分裂前期和中期，可以观察到一些微丝束的存在，但在分裂后期和末期细胞内的肌动蛋白则变为颗粒状。     

SZZ-Harpin融合蛋白在苏云金芽孢杆菌中的表达及活性测定*

PCR扩增编码SZZ短肽与植物过敏素 (harpin)融合蛋白的 1 5kb基因片段 ,克隆到苏云金杆菌 (^{Bacillusthuringiensis} ,Bt)表达载体pHZB1上 ,并置于晶体蛋白cry1类基因的启动子下游 ,从而构建表达质粒pHSZH。将表达载体pHSZH电激转化晶体缺陷型的BtK CryB菌株 ,获得工程菌Bt pHSZH。SDS PAGE蛋白分析和生物测定结果显示 ,培养 4 8h的Bt pH SZH明显表达SZZ Harpin融合蛋白 ,表达产物具有诱导烟草     

吸入性速发型青霉素过敏反应1例

吸入性速发型青霉素过敏反应１例段丽君张立新富伟沈阳军区总医院北陵医院内科（１１００３１）患者：女性,５３岁,因冠心病入院,既往有青霉素高度过敏史,有因他人的青霉素液溅入角膜致过敏性休克史,入院时患者血压２０／１２ＫＰａ,入院当日下午１３：３０分,患者...     

制备果蝇唾液腺染色体标本片的改进方法

制备果蝇唾液腺染色体标本片的改进方法赵惠玲,王清李秀芬（山西省教育学院实验中心０３００３１）（山西大学生命科学院）果蝇唾液腺杂色体制片方法虽然历史已久,却仍存在不完善之处,尤为明显的是制片的染色体背景底色深重,影响了着色清晰度和观察效果。我用以下措施...     

人粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子在大肠 杆菌中的克隆与表达

利用基因重组技术构建人粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(bGM—CSF)的高效表达菌株E．Coli HB101／pZw．GM47,经酶切电泳、DNA测序、SDS—PAGE、Western印迹及生物活性测定等分析鉴定,证明能特异性表达有生物活性的14kDaGM—CSF,表达水平达40％以上,比活性高达5×10⁷u／mg．具有良好的开发应用前景。     

应用菌落裂解法快速检测质粒DNA

某些细菌除了含有染色体DNA外,还带有质粒DNA。质粒DNA往往带有抗药性基因,并且与某些细菌病原性有关。另外它在遗传工程研究中是一种十分有用的运载体。因此无论在遗传工程技术,还是临床检验,都需要有一种方法将质粒DNA检出,确定其大小,作进一步的研究和分析。对于快速简便检测质粒DNA的方法已有一些报道。我们直接从琼脂平板上挑取菌落,并使其裂解,然后进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,检测的效果是满意的。