茶叶锌、硒含量变化与种植土壤差异的研究

以贵州4个茶叶产地(贵定、都匀、凤冈、湄潭)生产的新鲜茶叶(贵定云雾茶、都匀毛尖、凤冈锌硒茶、湄潭翠芽)及种植土壤为材料,研究了不同茶树叶片及种植土壤的锌、硒含量,研究不同土壤类型及不同深度土壤锌、硒含量的差异;茶树当年生新叶(一芽二叶)和生长1年以上老叶的锌、硒含量变化;土壤锌、硒含量与新老叶片锌、硒含量之间的关系。结果显示,随着茶园土壤深度(0~20 cm,20~40 cm)的增加,锌含量增加了2.0%~18.0%,而土壤硒含量则没有明显变化;不同样地土壤和同一样地土壤不同深度的锌、硒含量差异均达显著水平(Sig.0.01),但差异未见明显规律;茶树新叶锌、硒含量比老叶分别高2.3~4.0倍和1.2~3.0倍;新叶的锌、硒含量与土壤锌、硒含量呈正相关关系,且新叶中的锌、硒含量之间也呈正相关关系。表明土壤中的锌、硒含量来源于成土母岩并直接影响茶叶的品质,因此合理选择土壤类型对种植优质茶和规划发展茶产业具有重要意义。     

黄芩的结构与黄芩苷含量的关系

应用解剖学、组织化学定位和植物化学技术,研究了一、二年生黄芩（Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi）营养器官的结构特征与黄芩苷积累的关系。结果表明：黄芩各营养器官的结构类似于一般草本双子叶植物,黄芩苷主要分布在各器官的薄壁组织细胞内,其中以维管组织的薄壁细胞为多。器官间含量的不同表现为根〉叶〉茎,这与其结构特征相对应,根中维管组织所占比例最大,其中薄壁组织细胞又占主要部分,故根中黄芩苷含量最高。说明根部是黄芩苷的主要贮存部位,符合黄芩以根入药的传统。不同生长期黄芩苷含量测定结果表明,两年生营养生长前期春季根内含量最高,所以春季采挖为好。     

桂花开花进程中花瓣色素、可溶性糖和蛋白质含量的变化

以软叶丹桂(O smanthus fragrans‘Ruanye Dangu i’)、柳叶银桂(O.fragrans‘Liuye Y ingu i’)和四季桂(O.fra-grans‘Sijigu i’)3个桂花品种为试材,研究了桂花不同品种开花和衰老过程中的花瓣色素、可溶性糖和蛋白质等的变化。结果表明:(1)从初花期到盛花期再到衰老期,类胡萝卜素和花青素的含量先升高再下降,与花瓣颜色深浅变化一致,表明不同时期花色的变化主要由色素的含量变化所引起。(2)3个桂花品种花瓣的含水量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质的含量均呈下降趋势,而花期较长的软叶丹桂比柳叶银桂和四季桂降幅要低,而柳叶银桂和四季桂之间差异不显著。     

块根老鹳草中总鞣质的积累动态分析

通过测定块根老鹳草中总鞣质的含量,分析块根老鹳草中总鞣质的积累动态规律。方法：采用紫外分光光度法测定。结果：块根老鹳草叶中鞣质含量是花期最高,茎的鞣质含量普遍偏低;地上部分药材的鞣质含量是始果期含量最高。结论：建立了稳定、可靠的鞣质含量测定方法,块根老鹳草中鞣质的含量变化规律对于确定药材的药用部位及最佳采收期具有指导意义。     

福建产小鱼仙草挥发油的含量及其化学成分的研究

应用气相色谱－质谱－计算机联用系统对小鱼仙草（Mosla dianthera Maxim),挥发油的化学成分进行研究,以SE－54石英毛细管柱分离出43个峰,用GC／MS鉴定出39个成分,其主要成分为百里香酚（37．15％）,香荆芥酚（14．85％）,丁香烯（5．75％）,芳樟醇（5．40％）,檀香烯（4．12％）,律草烯（3．61％）,香桧醇（2．87％）等,占总挥发油的98．40％,又应用气相色谱归一化法计算了各化学成分含量。     

GC 法测定丙酮酸乙酯注射液中EP 的含量

目的:建立测定丙酮酸乙酯的含量测定方法。方法:采用气相色谱法,以环戊酮为内标物。色谱柱为VARIAN CP7502(25 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm),柱温115℃,进样口温度210℃,FID检测器温度210℃,氮气(载气)流量为30 ml.min-1;氢气(燃气)流量为40 ml.min-1;空气(助燃气)流量为400 ml.min-1,分流比1:100。结果:EP进样浓度在0.50035 mg.ml-1～9.0063 mg.ml-1范围内与峰面积积分呈良好的线性关系(r2=0.9996),平均加样回收率为99.76%,RSD为0.46%。结论:本方法简便、快速、准确、重复性好,可用于丙酮酸乙酯注射液的质量控制。     

Calculating phenotypic similarity between genes using hierarchical structure data based on semantic similarity

Phenotypic similarity is correlated with a number of measures of gene function, such as relatedness at the level of direct protein-protein interaction. The phenotypic effect of a deleted or mutated gene, which is one part of gene annotation, has caught broad attention. However, there have been few measures to study phenotypic similarity with the data from Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) database, therefore more analogous measures should be developed and investigated. We used five semantic similarity-based measures (Jiang and Conrath, Lin, Schlicker, Yu and Wu) to calculate the human phenotypic similarity between genes (PSG) with data from HPO database, and evaluated their accuracy with information of protein-protein interaction, protein complex, protein family, gene function or DNA sequence. Compared with the gene pairs that were random selected, the results of these methods were statistically significant (all P<0.001). Furthermore, we assessed the performance of these five measures by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and found that most of them performed better than the previous methods. This work had proved that these measures based on semantic similarity for calculation of PSG were effective for hierarchical structure data. Our study contributes to the development and optimization of novel algorithms of PSG calculation and provides more alternative methods to researchers as well as tools and directions for PSG study.     

HPLC法测定蛇床子中蛇床子素的含量

目的:建立蛇床子中蛇床子素的含量测定方法.方法:采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱选择Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-体积分数0.05％磷酸溶液(体积比70:30),流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为322 nm,柱温30℃.结果:蛇床子素的线性关系方程...     

An analysis of association of components of yield and oil in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Summary Inter-relationships of various component characters with yield and oil content were analysed using 215 entries of safflower from India and U.S.A. Correlation of capsule number per plant and capsule weight with yield per plant was pronounced and they showed large direct effects on yield. All other components influenced seed yield mainly through these two components. Seed size had little effect on yield while seed number exerted a positive influence. The proportion of hull expressed as per cent of the whole seed revealed a highly significant and inverse relationship with oil content and was mainly responsible for the observed variability in oil content in the material. Although negative association was indicated between seed size and oil content, it was observed to be due to the indirect effect of hull content and not due to direct effect of seed size. Interestingly, yield per plant and its major components, number of capsules and capsule weight, revealed a negligible relationship with oil content. Both direct as well as indirect effects of hull percent and yield per plant were responsible for the favourable effect of seed number on oil content. The correlation of plant height, days to first flowering and total crop growth period with yield and oil content was either negligible or low, offering scope for developing early maturing and dwarf varieties with high yield and oil content. Spine index showed a non-significant association with yield and oil content. Capsule number, capsule weight and hull per cent were observed to be the most important components in breeding for higher yield and oil content.