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71.
72.
Using otolith weight to age fish 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
M. G. Pawson 《Journal of fish biology》1990,36(4):521-531
The problem of determining and verifying ages of fish, from populations having a considerable variation in size at age, has been investigated using the relationship between otolith size and fish size, which has been shown by several authors to be influenced by growth rate. In such a population of Sardinella aurita Val. an index of age can be obtained for individual fish by calculating the equivalent otolith weight at a particular fish length, using the otolith weight–fish length relationship determined for each age group. This statistic not only permits a much greater proportion of fish to be assigned ages than is possible with otolith reading alone, but also enables the age groups to be verified as year classes. However, it is concluded that, although appropriate models based on otolith-fish size relationships can predict age for groups of fish in which growth rates are known or can be assumed to be consistent, such techniques have a limited application in ageing fish from wild populations with highly variable growth rates. 相似文献
73.
下肢长骨骨重的非对称性 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文测量82副中国成年下股长骨即股骨,胫骨和腓骨的重量,在两侧骨重相差>1%时,则股骨、胫骨和腓骨及其三骨总重均以非对称性为多,均具有非常显著性差异(P<0.001)。除腓骨重具有明显侧别差异外,其余无显著性侧别差异,对腓骨侧差解释为:①腓骨主要机能是肌的附着,而下肢对踢和足趾取物具有明显的侧别差异;②以两侧骨重相差>1%时为非对称性的标准,由于腓骨绝对重量较小,在两侧相差<0.5克时即多属非对称性。 相似文献
74.
Elemental composition and feeding rate of hydromedusae Phialidium sp. on copepods were studied in the laboratory. Regression equations for both mature and immature medusae allowed the estimation of their dry weight (DW), total C and N content as a function of their diameter. The mean C content as percentage of the DW varied from 13.13% (
) for the immature to 19.38% (5.68) for the mature individuals. The mean N content is 4.03% (2.49) of DW of immatures and 5.85% (2.70) of the matures. Ingestion rate of Phialidium sp. fed on copepods (200–500 μm) increased with prey density but reached a maximum at high prey concentrations. A maximum ingestion rate of 8.55 (1.6) copepods · medusa −1 · h−1 was reached for prey concentrations of > 140 copepods · 1 −1 for both immature and mature medusae. Maximum daily consumption of prey weight varied from 1.41 to 978% C body weight for mature medusae and from 2.90 to 975% for the immature individuals. 相似文献
75.
Growth of Pyrola rotundifolia ssp. maritima in relation to shade 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
76.
Erasmus Otabbong 《Plant and Soil》1990,123(1):89-93
The effect of Si(OH)4 on Cr toxicity and elemental concentrations in ryegrass were investigated in a growth chamber using an acid and a neutral
mineral soil. Each soil was treated with 50 mg Cr, as CrO3, kg−1 soil dry weight, singly, or in combination with 25 mg Si as Si(OH)4. Plants growing in unamended soils were used as controls.
Chromium toxicity, expressed as decrease in shoot or root dry weight, was increased by the Si. This increase was accompanied
by a higher Cr uptake particularly on the acid soil. The shoot and root dry weights were significantly correlated (P=1%) with the concentration of Cr, where r=−0.80 and −0.65, respectively. Uptake of Al, Cu, Fe, P and Zn did not show any
consistent relationship to the magnitude of Cr toxicity. 相似文献
77.
Lisa Gould 《International journal of primatology》1990,11(4):297-318
The social development of 11 free-ranging infantLemur catta was examined over the first 16 weeks of the infants' lives. By 16 weeks, infants still occasionally suckled and were carried dorsally, but on the whole, they were independent of their mothers. Sex or mother's rank was not found to affect frequency or type of play behavior. Mother's rank had no effect on frequency of maternal rejections, from the nipple or from riding, but female infants were rejected slightly more frequently than males were. Mothers tended to reject infants more severely and more frequently from dorsal riding than from the nipple. Sex and rank differences were not found with respect to behaviors determined as measures of independence; however, lower-ranking infants engaged in significantly more dependent behaviors than higher-ranking young did. It may be necessary for the infant of a low-ranking mother to maintain closer proximity to its mother for a longer period of time during infancy because such infants may be subject to abuse by higher-ranking group members and, furthermore, may not be as readily rescued in a stressful or dangerous situation as a higher-ranking infant. Sex was not found to be a factor in terms of measures of dependence. The lack of sex differences in developmental behaviors in this species may be related to female dominance, as well as to the fact that, as adults, both sexes engage in aggressive territorial behavirs. 相似文献
78.
The relation between the quantum yield of oxygen evolution of open photosystem II reactions centers (p), calculated according to Weis and Berry (1987), and non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence of plants grown at 19°C and 7°C was measured at 19°C and 7°C. The relation was linear when measured at 19°C, but when measured at 7°C a deviation from linearity was observed at high values of non-photochemical quenching. In plants grown at 7°C this deviation occurred at higher values of non-photochemical quenching than in plants grown at 19°C. The deviations at high light intensity and low temperature are ascribed to an increase in an inhibition-related, non-photochemical quenching component (qI).The relation between the quantum yield of excitation capture of open photosystem II reaction centers (exe), calculated according to Genty et al. (1989), and non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence was found to be non-linear and was neither influenced by growth temperature nor by measuring temperature.At high PFD the efficiency of overall steady state electron transport measured by oxygen-evolution, correlated well with the product of q
N
and the efficiency of excitation capture (exe) but it deviated at low PFD. The deviations at low light intensity are attributed to the different populations of chloroplasts measured by gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence and to the light gradient within the leaf.Abbreviations F0
basic fluorescence
- F0
basic fluorescence, thylakoid in energized state
- Fm
maximal fluorescence
- Fm
maximum fluorescence in energized state
- Fs
steady state fluorescence
- Fv
maximal variable fluorescence
- PFD
photon flux density
- PS IIrc
Photosystem II reaction center
- qF0
quenching of basic fluorescence
- qE
energy related quenching
- qN
non-photochemical quenching:-qf-total quenching
- qI
inhibition-related quenching
- qp
photochemical quenching
- qr
quenching due to state transition
- Rd
dark respiration
- p
PS II efficiency of excitation capture of open PS IIrc
- pe
extrapolated minimal value of p
- p0
extrapolated maximal value of p
- si
quantum efficiency of linear electron transport, calculated from gas exchange measurements based on incident light
- sf
quantum efficiency of linear electron transport, calculated from fluorescence measurements, based on incident measuring light 相似文献
79.
季节及人工低温对大蟾蜍肌组织ATP酶的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了大蟾蜍心肌和腓肠肌肌球蛋白钙激活ATP酶的活性。实验结果显示,大蟾蜍心肌和腓肠肌肌球蛋白钙激话ATP酶活性具有不同的季节变化规律。并且这种酶活性的季节变化不受人工低温环境因素的影响。此外,大蜍蟾心肌中ATP酶的活性始终高于腓肠肌的。上述酶活性的变化均具有一定的生理意义。 相似文献
80.
用硫酸铵分段盐析、超滤膜分级分离及DEAE-纤维素、Sephadex A-25和Sephadex G-50三种柱层析方法从双胸蚓组织的粗提取液中分离纯化出一种纤溶酶,分子量为29kD,由一条肽链组成。此晦具有强烈的溶解纤维蛋白的作用,对家兎实验性血凝块也具有明显的溶解作用。此酶的最适pH为8.0,在pH7.6~8.4之间活力相差不到2%;酶在PH4.7—11.0范围内稳定;酶作用的最适温度为57℃;此酶热稳定性较好,于25~50℃保温3小时,酶活力基本不变,60℃时,活力保留65%。金属离子Na~(+)、K~(+)、Mg~(2+)等可提高此酶的活力,而Hg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)等金属离子对此酶有不同程度的抑制作用。 相似文献