五味子根内生真菌的分离及其抑菌活性的研究

采用组织块分离方法对五味子根内生真菌进行分离鉴定,并以人参疫病病菌[Phytophthora cactorum(Leb.et Coh.)Schroet.]、人参黑斑病病菌(Alternaria panax Whetz.)为供试病原菌对分离的内生真菌进行了抑菌活性筛选。试验共分离得到74株内生真菌,根据形态特征鉴定出33株,分别隶属于半知菌亚门丛梗孢科的轮枝孢属(Verticillium)、柱隔孢属(Ramularia)和瘤座孢科的镰刀菌属(Fusarium)。通过抑菌试验筛选出5个内生真菌有抑制作用,其中3个内生真菌的发酵产物、乙醇提取液对2种病原菌均有一定的抑菌活性。     

南方红豆杉内生真菌的分离鉴定及其细胞毒活性研究

采用平板培养法对采自广东省的南方红豆杉进行内生真菌的分离,并通过形态学和分子生物学方法进行分类鉴定;共分离鉴定内生真菌22株,主要为刺盘孢属(Colletotrichum)、球座菌属(Guignardia)、座腔菌属(Botryosphaeria)、节菱孢属(Arthrinium)、炭角菌属(Xylaria)、毛壳菌属(Chaetomium)、交链孢属(Alternaria)、拟茎点霉属(Phomopsis)、长蠕孢属(Helminthosporium)等属。还采用MTT法测定了这些内生真菌发酵粗提物的细胞毒活性,活性研究发现有6个菌株的粗提物在作用浓度为100μg/mL时,对至少1种受试肿瘤细胞株的抑制率在50%以上,其中菌株A223和A240对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的抑制率在90%以上。表明南方红豆杉内生真菌多样性丰富,有些菌株具有良好的细胞毒活性,值得进一步深入研究。     

益母草内生真菌分离与初步鉴定

利用平板分离法从药用植物益母草(Leonurus heterophyllus Sweet)中分离到15株内生真菌,来源于根、茎、叶分别有2,6,7株。经形态学观察和染色等方法,初步鉴定了益母草内生真菌有3个属,曲霉属(Aspergillus sp.)2株、头孢霉属(Cephalosporiumsp.)3株和囊孢霉属(Capsule sp.)10株。益母草内生真菌生物多样性较为单一,但不同部位内生菌的数量、种类及分布存在明显差异。     

北细辛内生真菌的分离鉴定及代谢产物的生物活性

采用表面消毒法分别从3种北细辛中分离获得10株形态特征不同的优势内生真菌,经形态学和18S rDNA ITS分子分类学分析鉴定为小丛壳属(Glomerella sp.)、叶点霉属(Phyllosticta sp.)、柄孢壳菌属(Po-dospora sp.)、刺盘孢属(Colletotrichum sp.)和镰孢属(Fusarium sp.)。对北细辛优势内生真菌的发酵产物进行体外抗肿瘤和抗菌活性检测,结果表明:除菌株E3、E4和E10外,其余菌株均有不同程度的抗肿瘤和抗菌活性;镰孢属(Fusarium sp.)菌株E9对A549、MDA-MB-231和PANC-1肿瘤细胞抑制率达75%以上;小丛壳属(Glomerella sp.)菌株E1和叶点霉属(Phyllosticta sp.)菌株E2靶向FabI的抗菌活性较强,抑制率达59%。     

金荞麦和苦荞麦抗菌活性内生真菌的筛选及鉴定

从药用植物金荞麦和苦荞麦的根、茎、叶、花中分离到62株内生真菌,并以金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)[CMCC(B)63501]、小麦赤霉病菌(Fusarium graminearum)、黄瓜枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cu-cumerinum)和绵腐病菌(Pythium aphanidermatum)6种微生物为指示菌对分离到的内生真菌进行抗菌活性检测。结果发现,分离的内生真菌菌株KQH-01、KQH-02和JQY-1的发酵醇提取物具有较好的抑菌活性。形态学特征和分子鉴定确定菌株KQH-01为炭角菌属(Xylaria sp.)真菌,菌株KQH-02为球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum),菌株JQY-1为葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)。     

两种栽培型广藿香内生真菌群落组成变化

为探索内生真菌与广藿香互作间对宿主活性成分形成机制的影响,该研究以成分差异较大的牌香和湛香为对象,采用传统形态学方法对所获菌株归类,通过真菌通用引物ITS1/ITS4扩增菌株rDNA-ITS序列,鉴定其分类地位并研究其多样性。结果表明：(1)用PDA和LBA培养基对苗期、分枝期和成株期广藿香茎叶组织块进行内生真菌分离,共获得3 070株菌株,其中牌香(PX)分离出1 624株,鉴定出1 319株,分属于36属;湛香(ZX)分离出1 446株,鉴定出994株,分属于33属。牌香分离出7种特有内生真菌,分别为香柱菌(Epichloe typhina)、盘长孢状刺盘孢菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)、座腔孢菌(Botryosphaeria sp.)、丝核菌(Rhizoctonia sp.)及截盘多毛孢菌(Truncatella sp.),并首次分离到疫霉菌(Phytophthora sp.)和指疫霉菌(Sclerophthora sp.),这2种菌属于卵菌门内生菌。湛香分离出拟青霉菌(Paecilomyces sp.)和尾孢菌(Cercospora sp.)...     

基于高通量测序的3种竹子小枝真菌群落

为了解感染丛枝病时竹子真菌群落的特征,以丛枝病侵染的斑竹(Phyllostachys bambusoides f. lacrima-deae)、毛竹(Ph. edulis)和早竹(Ph. praecox)小枝为研究材料,运用高通量测序技术、DNA条码技术和生物信息学技术,分析了感染丛枝病的斑竹、毛竹、早竹真菌群落的物种组成和多样性,探讨了竹子丛枝病病原菌与其他竹子真菌之间的相关性。结果表明:(1) 3种竹子小枝共鉴定到706个最终的OTUs,所有样品中均存在的有48个; 3种感病竹子真菌群落中相对丰度较高的菌群包括:针孢麦角菌属(Aciculosporium)、竹黄属(Shiraia)、漆斑菌属(Myrothecium)、棘壳孢属(Pyrenochaeta)、刺盘孢/炭疽菌属(Colletotrichum)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium)、弯梗孢属(Camptophora)和假酵母状菌属(Pseudozyma)。(2)3种感病竹子真菌群落间的Chao1指数和Shannon指数差异不显著(P0.05)。(3) 3种感病竹子的病原菌为竹针孢座囊菌(Aciculosporium take),该菌与13种竹子真菌之间存在负相关,其中9种的相关性达到显著水平(P0.05);该菌与2种竹子真菌之间存在较弱的正相关。(4)鉴定的竹子真菌中存在绿色木霉(Trichoderma virens)、枝孢霉属真菌(Cladosporium sp.)、竹黄属真菌(Shiraia sp.)、弯孢霉属真菌(Curvularia sp.)、青霉属真菌(Penicillium sp.)和枝顶孢属真菌(Acremonium sp.),这些真菌是竹子病害潜在的生防菌。     

内生真菌对草坪植物病原真菌抑制作用的比较

分别从野生牧草羽茅(Achnatherum sibiricum (L.) Keng)、栽培种高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)(品种Millennium)、栽培种黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.) (品种Justus)中分离出内生真菌Neotyphodium sp.、N. coenophialum和N. lolli,通过体外培养法比较了这3种内生真菌对草坪植物病原真菌的抑制作用.结果表明,从羽茅中分离的内生真菌Neotyphodium sp.在两菌相交前对所有供试的病原真菌都有一定的抑制作用,其中对枝孢霉属(Cladosporium sp.)、弯孢霉属(Curvularia sp.)和拟茎点属(Phomopsis sp.)病原真菌的抑制效果尤为显著,对峙培养3d后的抑菌率分别达70.1%、52.3%和30.9%,营养竞争作用、重寄生作用是其主要的拮抗机制;从高羊茅中分离的内生真菌N. coenophialum对枝孢霉属病原真菌存在一定的抑制作用;而从黑麦草中分离的内生真菌N. lolli与病原真菌对峙培养时,病原真菌菌落慢慢侵占整个营养空间,内生真菌停止生长并逐渐褐变死亡.体外培养结果说明Neotyphodium sp.对供试病原真菌的拮抗效果优于N. coenophialum和N. lolli,由此推测Neotyphodium sp.与宿主植物羽茅的共生可能有利于宿主植物抵抗病原真菌的侵扰.     

海鞘真菌的形态鉴定及其代谢产物抗菌活性研究

为寻找产生新颖抗菌活性物质的海洋真菌,以海鞘为原料,采用平板涂布法分离出14株真菌,并对其进行形态学鉴定和抗菌活性的初筛。结果显示:从海鞘中共分离出14株真菌,根据形态观察初步鉴定其分属青霉属(Penicillium sp.)、曲霉属(Aspergillus sp.)、枝孢属(Cladosporium sp.)、麦轴梗霉属(Tritirachium sp.)等4个属。14株菌中有抗菌活性的共11株,优选出抗菌活性较强抗菌谱较广的4株菌分别是Asc-2-4(青霉属)、Asc-2-12(青霉属)、Asc-1-1(青霉属)和Asc-2-1(曲霉属)。青霉属菌株Asc-2-12的抑菌活性最明显,抑菌圈直径最大达到21.91 mm。海鞘共附生真菌是寻找抗菌物质的一个资源,其中的3株青霉属和1株曲霉属的抗菌活性有深入研究的价值。     

草菇培养料二次发酵过程中真菌的群落结构

【目的】明确草菇培养料二次发酵过程中真菌群落变化情况,确定发酵不同阶段的优势菌群,为能够在分子水平上准确高效监测发酵过程,解析发酵机制奠定基础。【方法】采用变性梯度凝胶电泳(denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis,DGGE)及克隆菌株18S r DNA序列分析技术对草菇培养料二次发酵不同阶段真菌群落结构进行分析。【结果】DGGE图谱显示,不同处理真菌群落多样性存在差异,发酵高温阶段条带多样性较高,而且优势条带及相对含量也在发生动态变化。回收克隆不同发酵阶段的20个优势菌株中,9个菌株为非培养未知真核生物或真菌,其余克隆菌株为非培养散子囊菌目(Eurotiales)、烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)、曲霉菌属(Aspergillus sp.)、米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)、Melanocarpus albomyces、炭疽菌属(Colletotrichum sp.)、根毛霉菌属(Rhizomucor sp.)、轮枝菌属(Verticillium sp.)、普通青霉(Penicillium commune)、三角孢小囊菌(Microascus trigonosporus)和Trichosporon lactis真菌,其中14株(70%)克隆菌株为耐热真菌。【结论】草菇培养料二次发酵过程中真菌群落结构及优势菌群在发生着动态的变化。     

广西柳树桑寄生内生真菌的分离鉴定与抗肿瘤活性菌株筛选

该研究从广西钦州市采集健康的柳树桑寄生的根、茎和叶中分离并纯化内生真菌,对真菌进行形态学鉴定,提取内生真菌的DNA,采用真菌ITS序列对内生真菌进行分子鉴定。利用A549和H460细胞作为抗肿瘤活性指示细胞,采用MTT法测定真菌乙酸乙酯提取物的抗肿瘤活性。经过初步分离分析,从柳树桑寄生中纯化出27株内生真菌,经鉴定它们分别属于7个目9个属15个种。拟盘多毛孢属和间座壳属为优势属,其中拟盘多毛孢属全部定植于寄生根;其次为新壳梭孢属、拟茎点霉属和球座菌属,各分离到3株;其他包括青霉属、镰刀菌属、炭疽菌属和派伦霉属,各分离到1株。抗肿瘤活性研究表明,有一株与Pestalotiopsis protearum的ITS序列相似性达100%的拟盘多毛孢属菌株Gen24表现有抑制肿瘤细胞A549和H460生长的特性,在真菌乙酸乙酯浸提物浓度为800μg·mL~(-1)时,对A549细胞的抑制率达到了56.92%,对H460细胞的抑制率达到了70.11%。该研究结果表明广西柳树桑寄生内生真菌较丰富,在寄主中的分布表现了一定的组织特异性,而且还存在一些具有抗肿瘤活性的菌株及其活性物质可供进一步深入研究。     

盐角草内生真菌分离鉴定及抑制水产腐败细菌菌株的筛选

盐角草是一种耐盐植物,有重要的食用、药用价值。为研究盐角草的内生真菌及其活性次生代谢产物的多样性,该文对采集于广西北部湾沿海盐角草的内生真菌进行分离纯化,采用RAPD对内生真菌多样性进行分析,采用ITS基因序列对内生真菌进行鉴定,并对内生真菌提取物抑制几种水产腐败细菌的活性进行筛选。结果表明:(1)从北部湾盐角草植物中分离到14株形态不同的内生真菌,RAPD分析这些内生真菌有6种不同型别。ITS基因序列分析表明,这些菌株分别和Curvularia lunata、Aspergillus candidus、Guignardia mangiferae、Neocamarosporium chichastianum有较高的序列相似性; 其中有三株与Neocamarosporium chichastianum IBRC-M:30126的相似性为94%～95%,从系统发育树和菌落形态上看可能为Neocamarosporium salicornicola进化关系较近的一个新种。(2)抑菌实验表明,内生菌YJCJ3提取物具有比较好的抑制副溶血弧菌(Vibrio Parahaemolyticus)的活性,其菌丝体提取物的甲醇、石油醚和乙酸乙酯的溶解液都具有较强的抑制副溶血弧菌的活性; 而YJCJ5表现了较为广谱的抑制几种水产腐败细菌诺氏布丘氏菌(Buttiauxella noackiae)、气单胞菌(Aeromonas dhakensis)、乡间布丘氏菌(Buttiauxella gaviniae)的活性,其中YJCJ5的菌丝体石油醚和乙酸乙酯溶解液有抑制诺氏布丘氏菌和气单胞菌的活性,甲醇和石油醚溶解液具有一定抑制乡间布丘氏菌的活性。该研究结果表明盐角草存在较为丰富的内生真菌多样性,可以发现一些新的内生真菌种群,其具有多种活性提取物,可用于抑制水产品的腐败细菌的生长,具有较好的开发价值。     

柑橘内生真菌的分离鉴定及其发酵产物对柑橘溃疡病菌的抑制活性

本研究从柑橘抗病品种的健康植株不同组织中分离纯化和鉴定内生真菌,并测定其发酵产物对柑橘溃疡病菌的抑制活性,以明确柑橘抗病品种中内生真菌的组成及其产抗柑橘溃疡病菌活性代谢产物的潜力,为柑橘溃疡病抗菌剂的开发奠定基础。该研究通过组织培养法分离内生真菌,采用形态学和分子生物学方法对其进行鉴定; 基于前期的拮抗预试验结果,选取代表性菌株进行发酵培养,通过乙酸乙酯浸提、真空抽滤、旋转蒸发浓缩制备粗提物; 采用带毒平板涂布法测定不同菌株发酵产物乙酸乙酯提取物对柑橘溃疡病菌的抑制活性。结果表明:(1)共分离得到72株内生真菌,归为2门(Ascomycota、Basidiomycota)、14个属,其中优势属为刺盘孢属(Colletotrichum)、球座菌属(Guignardia)、链格孢属(Alternaria)和镰刀菌属(Fusarium)。(2)不同柑橘品种中内生真菌多样性指数为温州蜜柑(桂林)>沙糖桔(桂林)>沙糖桔(梧州)。(3)不同组织中内生真菌多样性变化因地理位置差异而有所不同,采自桂林的温州蜜柑和沙糖桔均为叶片中的内生真菌的多样性高于枝条,而采自梧州的沙糖桔为叶片中的多样性低于枝条,并且采自梧州的柑橘样品与采自桂林的柑橘样品中的内生真菌相似性低。(4)测定了30株内生真菌乙酸乙酯提取物对柑橘溃疡病菌的抑制活性,其中29株菌株表现出不同程度抑制活性。不同柑橘品种中的优势属的MIC介于0.312 5～10 mg·mL^-1之间,特有属的MIC介于0.156～5 mg·mL^-1,共有属镰刀菌属的MIC介于0.312 5～2.5 mg·mL^-1之间。研究结果表明柑橘抗病品种中内生真菌具有丰富多样性,并且其发酵提取物普遍对柑橘溃疡病菌具有抑制作用。特有属抑菌活性总体优于优势属,共有属镰刀菌属在不同柑橘抗病品种中均具有显著抑菌效果。     

Endophytic fungi from leaves of Centella asiatica: occurrence and potential interactions within leaves

Fungal endophytes were isolated from leaves of Centella asiatica (Apiaceae) collected at Mangoro (middle eastern region of Madagascar, 200 km from Antananarivo). Forty- five different taxa were recovered. The overall foliar colonization rate was 78%. The most common endophytes were the non-sporulating species 1 (isolation frequency IF 19.2%) followed by Colletotrichum sp.1 (IF 13.2%), Guignardia sp. (IF 8.5%), Glomerella sp. (IF 7.7%), an unidentified ascomycete (IF 7.2%), the non-sporulating species 2 (IF 3.7%) and Phialophora sp. (IF 3.5%). Using sequences of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, major endophytes (IF > 7%) were identified as xylariaceous taxa or as Colletotrichum higginsianum, Guignardia mangiferae and Glomerella cingulata. Results from in vitro fungal disk experiments showed a strong inhibitory activity of the xylariaceous non-sporulating species 1 against G. mangiferae and C. higginsianum and of C. higginsianum against G. mangiferae. This can be explained by antagonism between dominant taxa.     

Extensive host range of an endophytic fungus, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Guignardia endophyllicola</Emphasis> (anamorph: <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phyllosticta capitalensis</Emphasis>)

Isolation of endophytic species of Guignardia (anamorph: Phyllosticta) from healthy leaves of 94 plants (91 species and 3 varieties) in 69 genera, 42 families, was carried out in a test site (Kyoto Herbal Garden) to investigate the host range of Guignardia endophyllicola (anamorph: Phyllosticta capitalensis). Species of Guignardia and Phyllosticta were isolated from the leaves of 67 plants (66 species and 1 variety) belonging to 54 genera, 38 families. Among them, 53 isolates from different plants belonging to 43 genera in 36 families were similar in morphology, and sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosome DNA revealed these isolates to be conspecific with G. endophyllicola. In addition, this fungus was isolated from leaves of various plants collected in different places in Japan and Thailand. Thus, this endophytic fungus has been revealed to live within various vascular plants, angiosperms, gymnosperms, and pteridophytes.     

Diverse non-mycorrhizal fungal endophytes inhabiting an epiphytic,medicinal orchid (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Dendrobium nobile</Emphasis>): estimation and characterization

Although the terrestrial and temperate orchids–fungal biology have been largely explored, knowledge of tropical epiphytic orchids–fungus relationships, especially on the ecological roles imparted by non-mycorrhizal fungal endophytes, is less known. Exploitation of the endophytic fungal mycobiota residing in epiphytic orchid plants may be of great importance to further elucidate the fungal ecology in this special habitat as well as developing new approaches for orchid conversations. The composition of fungal endophytes associated with leaves, stems and roots of an epiphytic orchid (Dendrobium nobile), a famous Chinese traditional medicinal plant, was investigated. Microscopic imaging, culture-dependant method and molecular phylogeny were used to estimate their entity and diversity. Totally, there were 172 isolates, at least 14 fungal genera and 33 different morphospecies recovered from 288 samples. Ascomycetes, coelomycetes and hyphomycetes were three major fungal groups. There were higher overall colonization and isolation rates of endophytic fungi from leaves than from other tissues. Guignardia mangiferae was the dominant fungal species within leaves; while the endophytic Xylariaceae were frequently observed in all plant tissues; Colletotrichum, Phomopsis and Fusarium were also frequently observed. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS gene revealed the high diversity of Xylariacea fungi and relatively diverse of non-Xylariacea fungi. Some potentially promising beneficial fungi such as Clonostachys rosea and Trichoderma chlorosporum were found in roots. This is the first report concerning above-ground and below-ground endophytic fungi community of an epiphytic medicinal orchid, suggesting the ubiquitous distribution of non-mycorrhizal fungal endophytes in orchid plants together with heterogeneity and tissue specificity of the endophyte assemblage. Possible physiological functions played by these fungal endophytes and their potential applications are also discussed briefly. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Diversity and decomposition potential of endophytes in leaves of a Cinnamomum camphora plantation in China

This study was carried out to improve our understanding of the diversity and decomposition potential of endophytes in the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora trees grown in a subtropical region of China. We isolated and identified endophytic fungi from senescent leaves of C. camphora and tested their role in decomposition through pure-culture and pre-colonization. A total of 2,861 endophytic fungi isolated from 69 leaves of C. camphora were grouped into 39 taxa comprising 36 Ascomycetes and 3 Basidiomycetes based on sporulation and ITS sequence analysis. Of these, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was the most common species (69% relative abundance and 96% colonization frequency), followed by Cladosporium sp.1, Colletotrichum sp. and Chaetomium sp. All 39 endophytes had the ability to decompose C. camphora leaf litter in pure culture, and a few exhibited >20% litter mass loss in 2 months. In most cases, single endopyhytic species showed lower mass loss than mixed microbial groups from active soil after 60 or 120 days. In pre-inoculation, endophytic fungi like Chaetomium sp., Cladosporium sp.1, C. gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum sp. and Guignardia sp. exhibited higher abundance and caused greater mass loss, indicating the potential of these groups to enter and significantly accelerate the process of decomposition. This study concludes that, after entering the decomposition process, selected endophytic fungi with high abundance could influence significantly the decomposition process and thus probably affect carbon and nutrient cycling in C. camphora plantations.     

白及内生真菌多样性研究

白及( Bletilla striata)是兰科地生型多年生植物,也是我国传统中药材之一。利用菌根技术进行白及的保护和人工栽培,需要获得白及可培养的内生真菌。该研究以广西野生的白及根和叶为材料,采用分离培养法分离内生真菌,并结合真菌形态特征,及其核糖体的转录间隔区( ITS)序列分析,确定内生真菌的分类地位。结果表明：从2株白及植物90块组织中分离获得37株内生真菌,鉴定为15个分类单元,由9个属组成,分属于2门4纲7目8科,包括锤舌菌纲( Leotiomycetes)、座囊菌纲( Dothideomycetes)和粪壳菌纲( Sordariomy-cetes),伞菌纲( Agaricomycetes)。从根中分离获得内生真菌12种,蜡壳菌属为优势属;从叶中分离获得内生真菌3种,刺盘孢属为优势属;刺盘孢菌属( Colletotrichum)和蜡壳菌属( Sebacina)真菌的相对多度值均达到20％;4株担子菌均分布于根中,叶组织中未有分布。根组织中内生真菌的多样性指数(H＝1.863)高于叶组织(1.098)。该研究结果及其所分离培养的担子菌类真菌,为更好地利用菌根技术进行白及等兰科植物资源的保护与可持续利用奠定了基础。     

Molecular phylogeny,diversity, symbiosis and discover of bioactive compounds of endophytic fungi associated with the medicinal Amazonian plant Carapa guianensis Aublet (Meliaceae)

We investigated the endophytic fungal community associated with the Amazonian medicinal plant Carapa guianensis and its potential for providing bioactive compounds. A total of 162 endophytic fungal isolates were obtained and identified by molecular methods. These isolates were classified into 35 different taxa in the genera Aspergilllus, Beltrania, Botryosphaeria, Colletotrichum, Diaporthe, Endomelanconiopsis, Fusarium, Guignardia, Pestalotiopsis, Phomopsis, Pilidiella, Trichoderma, and Xylaria. The most frequent colonisers recovered of C. guianensis were Colletotrichum sp. 1, Diaporthe cf. mayteni, and Pestalotiopsis sp. 1. The fungal community had a moderate richness but high diversity and evenness indices. Colletotrichum sp. and Pilidiella wangiensis displayed selective antibacterial activity; Diaporthe cf. mayteni and Endomelanconiopsis endophytica showed high activity against amastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi; and Colletrotrichum sp. Guignardia mangiferae, Pestalotiopsis sp., and Diaporthe melonis were able to inhibit yellow fever virus proliferation. Our results suggest that the plants living in the tropical forest, such as the Amazonian hotspot region, can live in symbiosis with hidden and underestimated rich communities of endophytic fungi, which deserve protocols and/or specific laws to keep its future conservation. The capability of these endophytic fungi to produce bioactive compounds may be part of their chemical defense and adaptive response to survive and colonizing the plant host in wild environment. Consequently, these fungal communities may provide a source of bioactive molecules, including those able to inhibit or control neglected tropical diseases.