大鼠热休克蛋白70的融合表达及纯化鉴定

目的：在大肠杆菌中高效表达并纯化大鼠热休克蛋白（HSP）70与麦芽糖结合蛋白（MBP）的融合蛋白,以进一步研究细胞外HSfr70的生物学功能。方法：用RT-PCR方法扩增目的基因,并将其克隆到原核表达载体pMAL-c2X中,酶切鉴定并进行DNA测序;将该重组表达载体转化大肠杆菌B121,用IPTG在不同温度及时间下进行诱导表达,建立最佳诱导表达条件;采用Amylose树脂预装柱对目的蛋白进行亲和纯化,并对不同表达条件下的产物进行SDS-PAGE及Westernblot分析。结果：克隆出目的基因,构建了融合表达载体pMAL-c2X／hsp70;诱导表达后经SDS-PAGE检测表明获得了目的条带,并纯化出纯度较高的融合蛋白;免疫印迹鉴定表明其具有抗原活性。结论：在大肠杆菌中高效表达并纯化了融合蛋白MBP-HSP70,为进一步研究细胞外HSP70的生物学效应提供了有用的材料。     

MBP-gldABC融合蛋白基因的原核表达载体的构建

目的：构建可高效生产甘油脱水酶的大肠杆菌工程菌,方法：将编码甘油脱水酶的三个基因gldA、gldB、gldC,分别克隆至克隆载体pMD18-T和pSIM-T中,经测序正确后,再亚克隆至表达融合蛋白的高效表达载体pMAL-c2X上,构建成表达质粒pMAL-gldABC,并转化大肠杆菌E.coli DH5α。结果：成功地将甘油脱水酶基因gldABC以同向串联方式克隆到大肠杆菌融合表达载体pMAL-c2X中,结论：得到了含gldABC基因的MBP融合蛋白表达载体,为研究甘油脱水酶基因（gldABC）的在原核表达载体中的串联表达奠定了基础。     

肉毒毒素蛋白受体syt II N端片段基因的合成及其在大肠杆菌中的融合表达

本研究旨在构建肉毒毒素蛋白受体sytII N端片段的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌pMAL-c2x系统中表达MBP-Syt融合蛋白。根据GenBank中已报道的人syt II基因序列,截取N端氨基酸序列,依据大肠杆菌的偏爱密码子,设计引物人工合成全基因,将全长基因克隆至原核表达载体pMAL-c2x中,重组质粒转化大肠杆菌E.coli ER2566,IPTG诱导表达。表达产物经Amylose Resin亲和层析进行纯化,SDS-PAGE和免疫印记对其进行鉴定,并对该蛋白进行活性的初步分析,为进一步研究毒素与受体相互作用的机制奠定基础。     

白念珠菌天冬氨酸蛋白酶基因SAP2在大肠杆菌中的表达及产物纯化

目的构建SAP 2重组原核表达载体并表达、纯化出可溶性的蛋白,为抗体制备及Sap2抗原检测奠定基础。方法提取白念珠菌基因组DNA为模板,经PCR方法获取SAP 2目的基因。双酶切SAP 2基因与原核表达载体pMAL-c2x(+),连接酶切产物,转化大肠杆菌TOP10感受态细菌,筛选菌落和测序鉴定。将pMAL-c2x/SAP2重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,经异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达出可溶性的融合蛋白,经直链淀粉树脂亲和层析、蛋白酶Factor Xa切割标签获得纯化的Sap2蛋白。结果经PCR扩增获得正确的SAP 2序列并定向插入原核表达载体pMAL-c2x(+)中。重组原核表达载体pMAL-c2x/SAP2经IPTG诱导14 h后表达出可溶性的融合蛋白,并经纯化、切除标签后得到目的蛋白。结论成功构建了白念珠菌天冬氨酸蛋白酶原核表达质粒pMAL-c2x/SAP2,该质粒在BL21(DE3)中可获得高效融合表达,通过亲和层析纯化及标签切割得到了氨基酸序列同天然蛋白一致的目的蛋白。     

人类博卡病毒(HBoV)非结构蛋白NS1基因的克隆、原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

目的:克隆、表达、纯化人类博卡病毒(HBoV)非结构蛋白NS1,制备抗NS1多克隆抗体。方法:利用PCR扩增HBoV非结构蛋白NS1基因,将其克隆至pMAL-c2X表达载体上,重组质粒转化大肠杆菌DH10B,IPTG诱导表达。表达的融合蛋白经Amylose Resin亲和层析柱纯化后,免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体。用间接ELISA法检测抗体效价。结果:原核表达融合蛋白MBP-NS1,并获得了其多克隆抗体,抗体效价达到1∶32000。结论:在原核表达系统中表达、纯化了融合蛋白,制备抗NS1多克隆抗体,为进一步研究该病毒非结构蛋白基因的转录和翻译机制提供可靠的工具。     

人sTNFR1基因原核表达及体外抗肝细胞凋亡的活性研究

采用RT-PCR,从Hela细胞的mRNA中扩增人sTNFR1基因,构建含有目的片段的T载体克隆及原核表达载体pMAL-c2x重组质粒亚克隆,转化入大肠杆菌,测序证实其序列与基因数据库中sTNFR1基因一致.经异丙基-β-D半乳糖苷酶（IPTG）诱导表达,淀粉树脂亲和层析法纯化,得到融合蛋白sTNFR1-MBP.结果显示：经Western-blotting检测,sTNFR1-MBP具有免疫活性L流式细胞术检测目的蛋白对TNF-α诱导QSG7701凋亡有抑制作用,这为今后的研究打下了基础.     

重组人βNGF在大肠杆菌中的可溶表达、纯化及活性鉴定

旨在大肠杆菌中可溶表达重组人神经生长因子(Recombinant humanβnerve growth factor,rhβNGF),并对表达产物进行分离纯化和生物学活性鉴定。成功扩增h NGFβ亚基基因,将其克隆入pMAL-c2X表达载体,构建了hβNGF-MBP的大肠杆菌表达体系并进行诱导表达,表达产物经纯化后以Factor Xa酶切去除麦牙糖结合蛋白(MBP),Western blot鉴定后以TF-1细胞法检测生物学活性。结果显示,pMAL-c2X-hβNGF经酶切和测序证实构建正确,25℃、180 r/min、0.5 mmol/L IPTG诱导下可溶表达hβNGF-MBP融合蛋白。hβNGF-MBP经Factor Xa酶切后可去除MBP标签,SDS-PAGE分析纯化的hβNGF位于13 k D左右,纯度可达95%。Western blot鉴定为hβNGF,结果表明,比活约为1×10~6 U/mg。在大肠杆菌中成功可溶表达hβNGF,并具有较高的生物学活性。     

HER2胞外段的克隆与原核表达

应用RT-PCR技术从人乳腺癌细胞系SK-BR-3中克隆出人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factorreceptor 2,HER2)基因的胞外段,并插入到表达载体pET-30a中,得到重组表达载体pET30-HER2(Ex)。将该载体转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)细胞中,加入IPTG进行诱导表达,成功获得HER2胞外段蛋白。分别提取培养液上清、大肠杆菌周质腔、细胞质可溶性及不可溶性组分蛋白进行SDS-PAGE电泳分析,确定目的蛋白定位于大肠杆菌细胞质包涵体中。通过改变诱导温度、诱导物浓度、诱导起始菌体密度和诱导时间,寻找最佳表达条件,使目的蛋白的表达量达到最高。结果表明,在37℃下,OD600达到1.0时,经终浓度为0.1 mmol/L的IPTG诱导4 h,目的蛋白的表达量最高。将重组表达菌进行超声破碎,分离出包涵体组分,经Ni2+亲和层析纯化后获得了纯度>90%的HER2胞外段蛋白,从而为抗HER2抗体的制备及肿瘤疫苗的研究奠定了基础。     

灵杆菌非特异性核酸酶的原核表达、纯化及活性分析

以灵杆菌基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增非特异性核酸酶 (Non-specific nuclease,NU) 基因,并克隆到pMAL-c4X载体上构建重组表达载体pMAL-c4X-NU。经测序及 BLASTN发现其与灵杆菌Serratia marcescens核酸酶基因的同源性为97％。将构建的表达载体pMAL-c4X-NU转入大肠杆菌BL21,经IPTG诱导实现了胞内表达78 kDa的麦芽糖结合蛋白-NU融合蛋白 (Maltose-binding protein-NU,MBP-NU),其最佳诱导表达条件为37 ℃,0.75 mmol/L IPTG诱导1.5 h。用Amylose resin纯化得到了目的蛋白。活性检测表明MBP-NU具有同时降解DNA和RNA的活性,在37 ℃、pH 8.0时活性最高,比活力为1.11×106 U/mg,目标蛋白的纯化效率可达10.875 mg/L。纯化的目标蛋白中无蛋白酶活性存在。0.5 mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸 (Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid,EDTA)、1 mmol/L苯甲基磺酰氟 (Phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride,PMSF) 以及150 mmol/L KCl对MBP-NU的活性几乎无影响,因此MBP-NU可作为蛋白质纯化过程中核酸的高效降解酶。     

人IL-3基因原核表达载体的构建及表达

目的：构建人IL-3基因原核表达载体pET32a-IL-3,并在大肠杆菌中诱导表达。方法：通过佛波酯（TPA）和植物球血凝素（PHA）刺激人T淋巴细胞系Jurkat细胞,增加IL-3mRNA表达水平,提取mRNA,逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）获得cDNA,以Jurkat细胞cDNA为模板,通过PCR方法扩增得到人IL-3基因,将其克隆入原核表达载体pET32a（＋）中,将重组质粒转化入大肠杆菌宿主菌株BL21中,以异丙基硫代半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导融合蛋白表达,并通过改变IPTG浓度,诱导时间,诱导温度等条件最终实现蛋白的可溶性表达。表达产物用SDS-PAGE检测表达情况。结果：酶切鉴定和测序结果证明成功构建了原核表达载体pET32a．IL-3。SDS-PAGE检测结果证明实现了人IL-3基因在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达。结论：成功构建了人IL-3基因的原核表达载体并在大肠杆菌中获得了良好的表达。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV