circTLK1通过调控miR-374a-5p表达对高糖诱导的肾小球系膜细胞损伤的影响

为探讨circTLK1对高糖诱导的肾小球系膜细胞损伤的影响及分子机制,该研究将人肾小球系膜细胞HMCL分为对照(Con)组、高糖(HG)组、HG+si-NC组、HG+si-circTLK1组、HG+miR-NC组、HG+miR-374a-5p组、HG+si-circTLK1+anti-miR-NC组、HG+si-circTLK1+anti-miR-374a-5p组。采用RT-qPCR检测circTLK1和miR-374a-5p的表达水平;ELISA检测TNF-α、IL-6水平;MTT检测细胞增殖活性;Western blot法检测蛋白表达;双荧光素酶报告实验验证circTLK1和miR-374a-5p的靶向关系。结果显示,高糖诱导的肾小球系膜细胞中circTLK1、TNF-α、IL-6、CyclinD1表达水平及细胞活性升高,miR-374a-5p、p21表达水平降低(P0.05)。下调circTLK1表达或过表达miR-374a-5p,高糖诱导的肾小球系膜细胞中TNF-α、IL-6、CyclinD1表达水平和细胞活性降低,p21表达水平升高(P0.05)。circTLK1靶向调控miR-374a-5p;抑制miR-374a-5p表达逆转了下调circTLK1表达对高糖诱导的肾小球系膜细胞损伤的作用。该研究得出,下调circTLK1表达可能通过上调miR-374a-5p抑制高糖诱导的肾小球系膜细胞损伤。     

TGF-β/Smad信号通路在肾小球硬化模型中表达的意义

目的:通过观察在肾小球硬化动物模型中TGF-β、Smad2和Smad7蛋白和mRNA表达的意义,了解TGF-β/Smads信号通路在肾小球硬化中的作用.方法:制备肾小球硬化动物模型,检测24小时尿蛋白定量、血浆白蛋白及血尿素氮水平,观察肾组织形态学改变;免疫组织化学检测TGF-β1、Smad2和Smad7蛋白水平;荧光定量PCR检测TGF-β1、Smad2和Smad7 mRNA的水平结果:TGFβ1、Smad2和Smad7正常情况下普遍在肾小球系膜细胞、肾小管上皮及间质细胞中有少量表达;模型组4周时TGFβ1和Smad2蛋白表达增加,Smad7蛋白表达下降;6～8周时TGF-β1和Smad2蛋白表达明显增加,Smad7蛋白表达明显下降.模型组4周时TGF-β1和Smad2 mRNA出现表达上调,6～8周TGF-β1和Smad2 mRNA表达明显增加.4周时Smad7 mRNA表达下调,6～8周Smad7 mRNA表达明显下降.模型组与对照组比较有显著性差异(p＜0.01).结论:TGF-β/Smad信号通路参与了肾小球硬化的纤维化进程,Smad7是TGF-β/Smad信号通路抑制性调控因子,可能为治疗肾小球硬化提供治疗手段.     

miR-186-5p在酒精诱导的心肌细胞中高表达并通过靶基因XIAP调控细胞凋亡水平

目的:证实酒精可诱导AC16心肌细胞凋亡及其与酒精浓度和作用时间的关系,研究不同浓度酒精干预下AC16心肌细胞中miR-186-5p与X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)表达水平以及心肌细胞凋亡水平的改变,探究miR-186-5p以XIAP为靶基因调控酒精诱导的心肌细胞凋亡。方法:流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡水平,Western blot、实时定量PCR技术分别在蛋白质及基因水平检测细胞miR-186-5p与XIAP表达水平的变化,双萤光素酶报告基因靶基因荧光检测miR-186-5p与XIAP的靶际关系。结果:酒精诱导AC16心肌细胞发生凋亡,且与酒精浓度及作用时间呈正相关;酒精摄入上调AC16心肌细胞中miR-186-5p表达,下调XIAP表达; miR-186-5p参与酒精诱导的AC16心肌细胞凋亡过程,XIAP抑制酒精诱导的AC16心肌细胞凋亡; miR-186-5p以XIAP为靶基因调控酒精诱导的心肌细胞凋亡。结论:AC16心肌细胞经过酒精处理后,细胞的凋亡水平升高,并且随着酒精作用浓度和作用时间的延长,凋亡水平进一步升高;酒精处理后心肌细胞中miR-186-5p表达量上调,XIAP表达量下调,miR-186-5p以XIAP为靶基因,调控酒精处理后心肌细胞的凋亡。     

大鼠肝纤维化相关microRNA及其候选靶基因的筛选

microRNAs (miRNAs)是一类功能性非编码RNA,在多种生物过程中具有重要作用.然而,miRNA的表达模式、调控网络以及参与肝纤维化的miRNA仍有待阐明.为了探讨与肝纤维化相关的miRNA及其靶基因的功能,为临床肝纤维化治疗提供理论依据,本研究前期已采用胆管结扎法(BDL)建立大鼠胆汁淤积性肝纤维化模型.从大鼠肝脏中提取总RNA,应用基因芯片技术对胆汁淤积性肝纤维化肝组织中miRNA和mRNA表达谱进行综合分析;结合生物信息方法分析在胆汁淤积性肝纤维化中差异表达miRNA可能的靶基因;实时荧光定量PCR技术检测TGF-β1处理人肝星状细胞LX-2细胞中miR-29a-3p、miR-194-5p和miR-22-3p相对表达水平.结果 表明,与正常肝组织相比,纤维化肝组织中有48个差异表达miRNA (FC＞2,P＜0.05),其中36个上调,12个下调;筛选出18个预测靶基因参与与纤维化相关的生物过程;TGF-β1处理LX-2细胞中miR-29a-3p、miR-194-5p和miR-22-3p相对表达水平显著下调(P＜0.05).本研究筛选的差异表达miRNAs通过调节靶基因的表达在肝纤维化中可能发挥重要作用,将为miRNA在肝纤维化中的作用提供新的见解.     

miR-1252通过靶向调控TGF-β1-PI3K/Akt通路对高糖诱导的心肌纤维化的保护作用的机制

为了探讨miR-1252对高糖诱导的心肌纤维化的保护作用的机制,本研究通过小鼠的心脏的组化切片分析miR-1252敲除对糖尿病和正常小鼠心肌纤维化的影响,并且通过Western-blotting实验研究miR-1252调控高糖诱导的心肌纤维化的信号通路。结果表明:糖尿病且miR-1252敲除的小鼠心肌纤维化程度最高,且miR-1252敲除的成纤维细胞TGF-β1表达增高,TGF-β1能上调LOX、Akt和p-Akt蛋白的表达,但是需要PI3K蛋白的存在。本研究结果初步说明,miR-1252能通过调控TGF-β1-PI3K/Akt信号通路抑制高糖诱导的心肌纤维化,且LOX是miR-1252主要的调控蛋白之一。     

骨化三醇对系膜增生性肾炎大鼠TGF-β1的影响

目的：探讨骨化三醇对系膜增生性肾小球肾炎模型大鼠TGF-β1的作用。方法：应用抗大鼠胸腺细胞免疫血清（Anti-thy-mocyte serum,A TS）抗体一次性尾静脉注射复制大鼠MsPGN模型,将实验大鼠分为三组对照组（A组）、模型组（B组）、骨化三醇治疗组（c组）,分别与1、3、7、14天每组各处死6只大鼠,进行PAS染色,分析肾皮质损伤程度,采用ELISA法检测TGF-β1在血清中的变化,Envision免疫组化法检测TGF-β1在肾小球中的表达情况。结果：肾炎组大鼠血清及肾小球中TGF-β1表达明显高于对照组（p〈0.01）;骨化三醇治疗组大鼠血清及肾小球中TGF-β1的表达明显显著减轻（p〈0.01）。结论：骨化三醇可以抑制MsPGN模型大鼠中TGF-β1的表达,从而早期延缓肾小球疾病纤维化的发展。     

TGF-βII 型受体的RNA 干扰抑制肾纤维化

目的:研究针对TGF-βⅡ型受体的RNA干扰质粒对α-SMA表达的抑制作用,探讨RNA干扰TGF-βRII的方法对肾间质纤维化的抑制作用。方法:单侧结扎输尿管方法制备肾间质纤维化小鼠动物模型。分别经输尿管逆行注射a:RNA干扰质粒;b:错配对照质粒;c:空载体;d:生理盐水;e:正常对照。通过western-blot及免疫组织化学方法检测第3、5、10天后肾组织内TGF-βRⅡ、α-SMA,观察其对肾间质纤维化的抑制作用。结果:针对TGF-βRII的RNA干扰质粒,明显抑制肾组织内TGF-βRⅡ、α-SMA表达;几组对照未见相应作用。结论:针对TGF-βRⅡ的RNA干扰质粒,能够抑制肾间质纤维化的发生、发展,可能成为延缓肾功能减退的有效方法。     

LOX-1在D-葡萄糖诱导人肾小球系膜细胞表达TGF-β1中的作用

目的探讨血凝素样氧化低密度脂蛋白受体1（LOX-1）在D-葡萄糖诱导人肾小球系膜细胞表达转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）中的作用。方法在体外培养人肾小球系膜细胞,在不同时间加入不同浓度的D-葡萄及LOX-1特异性阻滞剂JTX92,用半定量RT-PCR法检测LOX-1和TGF-β1基因表达的相对含量,用Western blot法检测p38 MAPK蛋白质的相对含量,用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测细胞培养液中TGF-β1浓度。结果D-葡萄糖以时间和浓度依赖的方式增加细胞内LOX-1和TGF-β1 mRNA表达和培养液中TGF-β1浓度,同时也以时间和浓度依赖的方式增加p38 MAPK的表达,JTX92可以明显抑制LOX-1、TGF-β1和p38 MAPK的表达。结论高浓度D-葡萄糖可能通过上调LOX-1的表达,激活细胞内的p38 MAPK信号传递途径,促使人肾小球系膜细胞合成并分泌大量TGF-β1,参与糖尿病肾病的发生发展。     

miR-199a-3p/Nme2在TGF-β1信号通路中的作用分析

通过microRNA芯片技术在小鼠GC-1 spg细胞中筛选发现microRNA-199a-3p(miR-199a-3p)受转化生长因子TGF-β1调节。为了进一步探讨二者的关系,通过基因克隆与载体构建技术、双荧光素酶报告基因检测及定量PCR实验,发现miR-199a-3p靶向识别肿瘤转移抑制基因2(Nme2)的3'非编码区(UTR)序列,且正向调控Nme2的表达。利用TGF-β1处理GC-1 spg细胞后,结果显示Nme2和miR-199a-3p在mRNA水平的表达均显著上调;进一步将miR-199a-3p和TGF-β1双重作用于GC-1 spg细胞后,结果表明Nme2的表达会明显增强,而且在TGF-β1通路中,miR-199a-3p被抑制的部分功能可能会被Nme2补偿。综上,miR-199a-3p对Nme2基因具有直接靶向识别和调控作用,且在参与TGF-β1信号通路的生物学效应中,二者在功能上相互关联。     

TGF-βⅡ型受体mRNA及蛋白在人IgA肾病肾小管上皮的表达

为探讨转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）在人IgA肾病肾小管间质纤维化中的应用。本用原位杂交及免疫组织化学方法研究转化生长因子-βⅡ型受体（TGF-βRⅡ）mRNA和蛋白在肾小管上皮细胞的表达。结果表明：TGF-βRⅡmRNA定位于肾小管及集合管上皮细胞,TGF-βRⅡ蛋白定位于肾小管及集合管上皮细胞的基底面,腔面及侧面,或呈与基底膜相垂直的基底部纵纹出现于一些细胞的胞质内,肾小球系膜细胞也可见TGF-βRⅡmRNA及蛋白表达,但不如肾小管明显,以上结果提示肾小管和集合管上皮细胞的受体可与TGF-β特异性结合。TGF-β则通过自分泌作用促进小管上皮细胞合成与分泌ECM。过多的ECM在小管周围沉积;或TGF-β抑制ECM的降解,终将导致IgA肾病的肾小管间质纤维化。     

肝组织中NF-κB、TGF-β1及其Ⅰ型受体mRNA和HSC在肝纤维化中的改变及护肝片对其的影响

目的探讨中、晚期纤维化大鼠肝组织中肝星状细胞(HSC)的活化与增殖、核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)及转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)及其Ⅰ型受体(TβRⅠ)表达的改变及护肝片对其的影响。方法采用12.5%CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化模型,自造模之日起,大鼠分组灌胃给药(护肝片921mg/kg)或溶媒,每日一次,直至8或13周末,分别处死动物,取左叶肝组织石蜡包埋,制作组织芯片。免疫组化S-P法检测大鼠肝组织α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(-αSMA)和NF-κB p65蛋白的表达,原位杂交检测TGF-β1及TβRⅠmRNA的表达;并用MetaMorph图像分析系统计数-αSMA阳性细胞数,对NF-κB p65蛋白、TGF-β1及TβRⅠmRNA的表达量进行定量分析。结果 1.模型复制8周和13周,模型组的肝损伤及其纤维化分级均明显高于正常组(P<0.01),护肝片组的肝损伤及其纤维化分级均轻于模型组。2.模型复制8周和13周,模型组活化的HSC(即-αSMA阳性细胞)数量较正常组明显增多,NF-κB p65蛋白、TGF-β1及TβRⅠmRNA的表达均较正常组明显增强(P<0.01);3.护肝片显著抑制8、13周纤维化肝组织HSC的活化与增殖和NF-κB p65蛋白、TGF-β1及TβRⅠmRNA的表达(P<0.01)。结论抑制HSC的活化与增殖和NF-κB p65蛋白与TGF-β1及TβRⅠmRNA的表达可能是护肝片抗肝纤维化作用的靶点之一。     

MiR-448-5p inhibits TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and pulmonary fibrosis by targeting Six1 in asthma

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small yet versatile gene tuners that regulate a variety of cellular processes, including cell growth and proliferation. The aim of this study was to explore how miR-448-5p affects airway remodeling and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by targeting Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (Six1) in asthma. Asthmatic mice models with airway remodeling were induced with ovalbumin solution. MiRNA expression was evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Transfection studies of bronchial epithelial cells were performed to determine the target genes. A luciferase reporter assay system was applied to identify whether Six1 is a target gene of miR-448-5p. In the current study, we found that miR-448-5p was dramatically decreased in lung tissues of asthmatic mice and TGF-β1-stimulated bronchial epithelial cells. In addition, the decreased level of miR-448-5p was closely associated with the increased expression of Six1. Overexpression of miR-448-5p decreased Six1 expression and, in turn, suppressed TGF-β1-mediated EMT and fibrosis. Next, we predicted that Six1 was a potential target gene of miR-448-5p and demonstrated that miR-448-5p could directly target Six1. An SiRNA targeting Six1 was sufficient to suppress TGF-β1-induced EMT and fibrosis in 16HBE cells. Furthermore, the overexpression of Six1 partially reversed the protective effect of miR-448-5p on TGF-β1-mediated EMT and fibrosis in bronchial epithelial cells. Taken together, the miR-448-5p/TGF-β1/Six1 link may play roles in the progression of EMT and pulmonary fibrosis in asthma.     

Melatonin ameliorates renal fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation and renal fibrosis through miR-21-5p regulation

Fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation (FMT) is widely recognized as the major pathological feature of renal fibrosis. Although melatonin has exerted antifibrogenic activity in many diseases, its role in renal FMT remains unclear. In the present study, the aim was to explore the effect of melatonin on renal FMT and the underlying mechanisms. We established the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 stimulated rat renal fibroblast cells (NRK-49F) model in vitro and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice model in vivo. We assessed levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), col1a1 and fibronectin, STAT3 and AP-1, as well as miR-21-5p and its target genes (Spry1, PTEN, Smurf2 and PDCD4). We found that melatonin reduced the expression of α-SMA, col1a1 and fibronectin, as well as the formation of α-SMA filament in TGF-β1-treated NRK-49F cells. Meanwhile, melatonin inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation, down-regulated miR-21-5p expression, and up-regulated Spry1 and PTEN expression. Moreover, miR-21-5p mimics partially antagonized the anti-fibrotic effect of melatonin. For animal experiments, the results revealed that melatonin remarkably ameliorated UUO-induced renal fibrosis, attenuated the expression of miR-21-5p and pro-fibrotic proteins and elevated Spry1 and PTEN expression. Nevertheless, agomir of miR-21-5p blocked the renoprotective effect of melatonin in UUO mice. These results indicated that melatonin could alleviate TGF-β1-induced renal FMT and UUO-induced renal fibrosis through down-regulation of miR-21-5p. Regulation of miR-21-5p/PTEN and/or miR-21-5p/Spry1 signal might be involved in the anti-fibrotic effect of melatonin in the kidneys of UUO mice.     

异甘草酸镁对纤维化大鼠肝脏TGF-β 1及Smad蛋白表达的影响

目的：观察异甘草酸镁对四氯化碳诱导的肝纤维化大鼠肝脏组织TGF-β1及Smad蛋白表达的影响,以期揭示其抗纤维化的机制。方法：利用腹腔注射四氯化碳（CCl4）建立大鼠肝纤维化模型,然后应用不同剂量的异甘草酸镁和INF-γ处理,于实验第16周末检测大鼠血清透明质酸（HA）、层粘连蛋白（LN）、III型前胶原（PC-III）、IV型胶原（C-IV）的水平,采用RT-PCR法检测TGF-β1,Smad3,Smad7mRNA的表达。结果：与模型组比较,异甘草酸镁各剂量组血清HA,LN,PC-III,C-IV水平显著下降（P〈0.05）,肝脏TGF-β1、smad3的表达明显降低（P〈0.05）,smad7则有所上升。结论：异甘草酸镁可以改善肝纤维化大鼠肝组织纤维化程度,其作用机理与抑制TGF-β1、Smad3mRNA的表达,上调Smad7mRNA的表达有密切关系。     

TGF-β1和IGF-1mRNA在早期胚胎停育绒毛组织中的表达及意义

目的：通过检测胚胎停育患者绒毛组织中TGF-β1和IGF-1mRNA的表达,探讨其在胚胎停育发病机制中的作用。方法：用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）技术检测正常人流（20例）,胚胎停育（25例）绒毛组织中TGF-β1和IGF-1基因在转录水平的表达。结果：（1）与对照组相比,实验组绒毛组织中TGF-βmRNA表达量降低（P〈0．05）,（2）胚胎停育患者绒毛中IGF—1mRNA表达量升高（P〈0．05）。（3）绒毛组织中TGF-β1与IGF-1的表达呈负相关（F=-0．793,P〈0．05）。结论：TGF-β1、IGF-1的表达在基因转录水平发生改变,TGF-β1表达的降低可能上调了IGF-1的表达,提示两者可能共同参与了胚胎停育的发生。     

Apigenin suppresses TGF-β1-induced cardiac fibroblast differentiation and collagen synthesis through the downregulation of HIF-1α expression by miR-122-5p

BackgroundApigenin can reduce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by downregulating hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression. However, its effects on cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and its exact inhibitory molecular mechanisms on HIF-1α remain unclear.PurposeThis study aims to examine the effects of apigenin on cell proliferation and differentiation, microRNA-122-5p (miR-122-5p) expression, and HIF-1α-mediated Smad signaling pathway in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated CFs and cardiac fibrosis and to investigate the relationship between miR-122-5p and HIF-1α.MethodsThe TGF-β1-stimulated CFs, the combination of TGF-β1-stimulated and miR-122-5p mimic-transfected CFs, the combination of TGF-β1-stimulated and miR-122-5p inhibitor-transfected CFs, and the isoproterenol-induced cardiac fibrotic mice were used and treated with or without apigenin. The recombinant lentiviruses overexpressing HIF-1α vector and miR-122-5p mimic were co-transfected to observe their interaction. Related mRNA and protein expressions and myocardial collagen were determined. The luciferase reporter gene that contains HIF-1α wild type or mutant type 3’-UTR was used, and the luciferase activity was determined to verify the direct link between miR-122-5p and HIF-1α.ResultsIn the TGF-β1-stimulated CFs, apigenin treatment increased the miR-122-5p and Smad7 expressions and decreased the HIF-1α, α-smooth muscle actin, collagen Ⅰ/Ⅲ, Smad2/3, and p-Smad2/3 expressions. Similar and inverse results were observed in the miR-122-5p mimic- and inhibitor-transfected CFs, respectively. Moreover, the miR-122-5p mimic could antagonize the effects of TGF-β1 in the TGF-β1 and miR-122-5p mimic-combined CFs, and the miR-122-5p inhibitor could enhance the effects of TGF-β1 in the TGF-β1 and miR-122-5p inhibitor-combined CFs. In the two aforementioned cell models, the addition of apigenin could further enhance the effects of miR-122-5p mimic and partially reverse the effects of miR-122-5p inhibitor. After treatment of HIF-1α-transfected CFs with miR-122-5p mimic, the HIF-1α expression decreased. Further study confirmed that HIF-1α was a direct target of miR-122-5p. Apigenin also decreased the myocardial collagen accumulation in cardiac fibrotic mice.ConclusionApigenin could suppress the differentiation and collagen synthesis of TGF-β1-stimulated CFs and mouse cardiac fibrosis, and its mechanisms were related to the increment of miR-122-5p expression and subsequent downregulation of HIF-1α expression via direct interaction, which might finally result in the decrements of Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 expressions and increment of Smad7 expression.     

Inhibition of miR-188-5p alleviates hepatic fibrosis by significantly reducing the activation and proliferation of HSCs through PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway

Persistent hepatic damage and chronic inflammation in liver activate the quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and cause hepatic fibrosis (HF). Several microRNAs regulate the activation and proliferation of HSCs, thereby playing a critical role in HF progression. Previous studies have reported that miR-188-5p is dysregulated during the process of HF. However, the role of miR-188-5p in HF remains unclear. This study investigated the potential role of miR-188-5p in HSCs and HF. Firstly, we validated the miR-188-5p expression in primary cells isolated from liver of carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced mice, TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells, livers from 6-month high-fat diet (HFD)-induced rat and 4-month HFD-induced mice NASH models, and human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. Furthermore, we used miR-188-5p inhibitors to investigate the therapeutic effects of miR-188-5p inhibition in the HFD + CCl₄ induced in vivo model and the potential role of miR-188-5p in the activation and proliferation of HSCs. This present study reported that miR-188-5p expression is significantly increased in the human NAFLD, HSCs isolated from liver of CCl₄ induced mice, and in vitro and in vivo models of HF. Mimicking the miR-188-5p resulted in the up-regulation of HSC activation and proliferation by directly targeting the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Moreover, inhibition of miR-188-5p reduced the activation and proliferation markers of HSCs through PTEN/AKT pathway. Additionally, in vivo inhibition of miR-188-5p suppressed the HF parameters, pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory genes, and fibrosis. Collectively, our results uncover the pro-fibrotic role of miR-188-5p. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-188-5p inhibition decreases the severity of HF by reducing the activation and proliferation of HSCs through PTEN/AKT pathway.     

HNRNPA1-mediated exosomal sorting of miR-483-5p out of renal tubular epithelial cells promotes the progression of diabetic nephropathy-induced renal interstitial fibrosis

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and renal interstitial fibrosis plays a key role in DN progression. Here, we aimed to probe into the role and potential mechanism of miR-483-5p in DN-induced renal interstitial fibrosis. In this study, we corroborated that miR-483-5p expression was lessened in type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice kidney tissues and high glucose (HG)-stimulated tubular epithelial cells (TECs), and raised in the exosomes derived from renal tissues in type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice. miR-483-5p restrained the expressions of fibrosis-related genes in vitro and renal interstitial fibrosis in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-483-5p bound both TIMP2 and MAPK1, and TIMP2 and MAPK1 were bound up with the regulation of miR-483-5p on renal TECs under HG conditions. Importantly, HNRNPA1-mediated exosomal sorting transported cellular miR-483-5p out of TECs into the urine. Our results expounded that HNRNPA1-mediated exosomal sorting transported cellular miR-483-5p out of TECs into the urine, thus lessening the restraint of cellular miR-483-5p on MAPK1 and TIMP2 mRNAs, and ultimately boosting extracellular matrix deposition and the progression of DN-induced renal interstitial fibrosis.Subject terms: Cell biology, Molecular biology