2010年浙江省部分地区急性出血性 结膜炎暴发疫情病原学研究

为查明引起2010年浙江省急性出血性结膜炎(AHC)暴发疫情的病因,并对病原进行分子溯源。本研究采用荧光RT-PCR方法直接从患者眼拭子样本中检测肠道病毒(EV)和柯萨奇病毒A24变异株(CA24v)核酸;用Hep-2细胞分离病毒,对阳性分离物提取病毒核酸后进行VP1全基因和3C蛋白酶区(3C)扩增和测序,同源性与进化分析。结果13份眼拭子样本中EV和CA24v核酸均阳性8份,分离到CA24v6株。选取4株病毒测序,获得VP1全长均为915个核苷酸(nt),3C区全长495nt,VP1和3C区均没有nt插入和缺失。2010年浙江4株CA24v分离株之间在3C区和VP1区核苷酸和氨基酸(aa)高度同源,2010年浙江CA24v分离株与原型株EH24/70在3C区的nt和aa同源性分别为85.2%～85.8%和96.2%～96.7%,与2002～2008年浙江、云南和广东CA24v株的同源性分别为93.4%～96.2%和96.7%～99.3%;浙江2010年CA24v株在3C区进化树的GⅣ基因亚型C4分枝上(GⅣ-C4),在VP1基因进化树的人类肠道病毒C组(EV-C)CA24v分枝上。研究表明引起2010年浙江省急性出血性结膜炎暴发流行的病原为CA24v,GⅣ基因亚型,与引起2002～2008年浙江AHC流行的CA24v株(GⅣ)具有密切的亲缘关系,推测CA24v病毒自2002年以来一直在本地低强度循环,2010年又导致了浙江AHC的暴发。     

一株引起严重急性呼吸道感染病例的A亚型人呼吸道合胞病毒全基因组基因特征分析

人呼吸道合胞病毒(Human respiratory syncytial virus,HRSV)是导致儿童急性呼吸道感染的最重要的呼吸道病毒之一。根据对单克隆抗体的反应,HRSV分为A、B两个亚型。为探讨严重急性呼吸道感染(Severe acute respi-ratory infection,SARI)病例中HRSV全基因组基因特征,本研究对2017年河南省漯河市住院SARI病例中检测到的1株HRSV A亚型病毒通过Sanger测序方法对其全基因组序列进行了测定和分析。通过Sequencher 5.4.5、MEGA 5.05、BioEdit 7.0.5等生物信息学软件进行序列拼接和比对,进行了基因亲缘性关系分析、氨基酸变异和糖基化位点分析。基于HRSV全基因组序列和11个单个蛋白基因序列构建的亲缘性关系分析结果提示本研究中检测到的这株HRSVA病毒(RSVAs/Luohe.Henan/CHN/42.17)属于ON1基因型,该型是我国近年流行的优势基因型。该病毒全基因组序列与35条全球代表株的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为92.69%～99.82%和93.63%～99.67%;G蛋白编码区氨基酸变异最高,而F蛋白相对保守。糖基化位点分析发现,该病毒的F蛋白有6个N-糖基化位点,未发现O-糖基化位点,此结果与原型株long株相同;G蛋白N-糖基化位点有6个,O-糖基化位点为82个,而原型株long株有11个N-糖基化位点,15个O-糖基化位点。本研究对2017年河南省漯河市SARI病例中一株HRSVA病毒全基因组序列进行了测定,与世界其他地区报道的HRSVA亚型病毒全基因组序列进行了对比分析,揭示了SARI病例中我国HRSV优势流行ON1基因型病毒全基因组的核苷酸和氨基酸变异特征,以及G蛋白和F蛋白编码区糖基化情况,丰富了我国HRSV基因数据库,也为HRSV的核酸检测方法的建立、疫苗研发和预防性单克隆抗体的评价提供了核苷酸和氨基酸的基础数据。     

柯萨奇病毒A组2型江苏分离株(JS16-80)全基因组序列分析

柯萨奇病毒A组2型(CV-A2)是引起手足口病和疱疹性咽峡炎暴发流行的重要病原体。本文选取中国大陆流行的D基因型代表毒株JS16-80/JS/CHN/2016(简写JS16-80)进行全基因组序列测定和分析,了解其基因特征,并进行重组和进化分析。结果提示,JS16-80在非结构蛋白P2和P3多区段均有出现重组现象,并且多个A组肠道病毒血清型参与了非结构蛋白的重组。本研究可帮助了解CV-A2的全基因组特征和重组特点,进一步为CV-A2重组对其进化和潜在致病力的影响提供基础数据。     

2017年湖北省襄阳市手足口病患者柯萨奇病毒A2型分离株的突变和重组分析

目的通过对2016-2017年襄阳市手足口病(hand, foot and mouth disease, HFMD)样品的分离与鉴定,了解主要病原之一的柯萨奇病毒A2型(Coxsackievirus, CV-A2)的分子生物学特征。方法收集2016年9月-2017年12月襄阳市HFMD患儿肛拭子样品,用人类横纹肌肉瘤细胞(RD细胞)培养,分离病毒。RT-PCR扩增CV-A2 VP1基因,Megalign软件分析VP1基因同源性,MEGA6软件构建系统发育树。比较3种疾病(急性迟缓性麻痹、手足口病和急性呼吸道感染)CV-A2分离株VP1氨基酸序列,分析可能的致病位点。扩增CV-A2代表株基因组全长序列,用SimPlot软件分析可能的重组事件。结果 2016-2017年CV-A2襄阳株之间VP1核苷酸及氨基酸同源性分别为96.4%~99.8%,98.0%~100.0%;襄阳株与CV-A2原型株(Fleetwood株)之间的核苷酸及氨基酸同源性分别为80.8%~81.9%,95.3%~95.9%。与襄阳株同源性最高的为2017年江西株(GenBank:MG926784),核苷酸及氨基酸同源性分别为96.7%~98.8%,98.0%~98.6%。襄阳市HFMD主要病原之一的CV-A2 VP1基因系统发育树显示,襄阳株与国内主要流行株同属于基因型D。3种疾病分离株的VP1氨基酸比对发现,急性迟缓性麻痹分离株和HFMD分离株在第21、60、82和215位存在差异;而HFMD分离株与呼吸道感染分离株之间只在167位存在差异,由谷氨酸变成天冬氨酸。CV-A2重组分析提示,襄阳株在P1区域与Fleetwood株同属一分支,在P2区域与CV-A5 Swartz株亲缘性最高,但在P3区域与CV-A16 G-10株有较高的相似度。结论虽然CV-A2襄阳株与其他流行株在VP1区序列上亲缘性较高,但其VP1氨基酸突变或与其他肠道病毒的型间重组可能导致其致病特性与流行病学特点发生变化。     

安徽省2017-2018年手足口病柯萨奇病毒A6型基因进化特征分析

人肠道病毒A组71型(Enterovirus A71,EV-A71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Coxsackievirus A16,CV-A16)是引起手足口病(Hand,foot,and mouth disease,HFMD)的主要病原体.近年来非EV-A71和非CV-A16的其他肠道病毒(Enterovirus,EV)已成为HFMD流行或暴发疫情的优势病原体.安徽省HFMD监测数据显示,2017-2018年HFMD样本非EV-A71和非CV-A16其他EV核酸阳性率超过50％,其中大部分为柯萨奇病毒A组6型(Coxsackievirus A6,CV-A6).为了解安徽省2017-2018年HFMD其他肠道病毒构成和CV-A6基因进化特征,本研究收集2017-2018年HFMD咽拭子EV核酸阳性标本,采用人横纹肌肉瘤(RD)细胞进行病毒分离培养,对分离到的CV-A6毒株VP1全长序列基因扩增及核苷酸序列测定.从NCBI GenBank数据库下载CV-A6原型株和代表性毒株基因参考序列,运用生物软件MEGA 6.0构建VP1基因序列系统进化树,分析其基因遗传特征.结果 显示,安徽省2017-2018年HFMD实验室确诊病例其他EV占66.1％,CV-A16占23.5％,EV-A71占10.4％.52株CV-A6毒株均为D3a基因亚型,其VP1区核苷酸序列间相似度为93.7％～100％,编码的氨基酸序列相似度为98.3％～100％;与CV-A6 Gdula原型株核苷酸相似度为78％～82.3％,氨基酸相似度为94.6％～96.3％.VP1区15个氨基酸位点有变异,氨基酸位点Q98L和G160S的变异发生率为100％.其他EV已成为安徽省引起HFMD流行的重要病原体,D3基因型CV-A6为优势流行毒株.持续加强其他EV的病原学监测与分析,对安徽省HFMD防控策略制定与疫情处置具有重要意义.     

2014年陕西省柯萨奇病毒A10型相关手足口病的流行特征和其VP1区基因特征研究

了解陕西省手足口病(Hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)的致病病原体柯萨奇病毒A10型(CV-A10)的流行特征及VP1区基因特征。对2014年收集的HFMD病例标本,通过荧光定量PCR检测确定肠道病毒型别,对CV-A10引起的HFMD流行特征进行描述性分析。使用RD细胞进行病毒分离,RT-PCR扩增CV-A10的VP1区基因片段并进行序列测定,使用Meg Align软件进行核苷酸及氨基酸的同源性分析,并使用MEGA5.0软件构建系统进化树。2014年CV-A10是陕西HFMD病原谱中的第三大病原,占其他肠道病毒的57.71%,13例重症HFMD病例的致病病原体鉴定为CV-A10,占重症病例的9.03%。CV-A10感染HFMD病例以≤3岁年龄组儿童为主(83.07%),男女性别比为1.15∶1。发病时间主要集中在4～7月。实验室分离出101株CV-A10,覆盖全省10市(区)。完成测序的18株CV-A10核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为94.0%～100.0%和97.3%～100.0%,与A型原型株的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为76.2%～77.5%和91.9%～93.0%,与近年来河北、湖南和河南地区流行株具有较高的同源性。系统进化显示陕西CV-A10分离株属于C基因型。CV-A10是2014年陕西HFMD的优势病原,能引起重症HFMD,本次分离到的CV-A10毒株均属于C基因型。     

输入病毒导致的十起本土疫情首例病例新冠病毒基因特征分析

2020年4月中国阻断湖北省武汉市新冠肺炎疫情传播后,中国国内报道了多起由境外输入导致的本土聚集性新冠肺炎疫情。为分析引起聚集性疫情的输入性新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的基因组特征,本研究对2020年4-11月份十起输入相关本土疫情首例病例的SARS-CoV-2全基因组基因特征进行分析,系统阐述了相关SARS-CoV-2的全基因组和氨基酸变异特征。结果显示,与武汉参考株相比,十起本土聚集性疫情首例病例的SARS-CoV-2核苷酸突变中位数为10个(8个-26个),氨基酸突变的中位数为6个(4个-16个),且刺突(spike,S)蛋白只有D614G一个氨基酸发生突变。除分支位点外,10条SARS-CoV-2全基因组序列的65个核苷酸突变位点以及35个氨基酸突变仅出现1-2次,呈现随机性。全基因组分析表明,这十起本土疫情的首例病例基因组按照中国分型法可划分为4个型,按照Pangolin分型法可划分为7个型,与我国2020年1-3月份武汉流行的毒株属于不同基因型,不是本土SARS-CoV-2的持续传播。与2020年9-12月英国和南非变异株属于不同基因型,无相关性。本文系统分析了2020年由输入病毒导致的十起本土疫情首例病例的SARS-CoV-2核苷酸与氨基酸变异特征,为我国新冠防控策略的制定以及后续新冠疫情的溯源提供了参考依据。     

2007年北京市急性出血性结膜炎的病原与分子进化分析

2007年北京市发生了急性出血性结膜炎(Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis,AHC)疫情。为鉴定引起这次疫情的致病病原体,采集北京市门诊就诊的AHC患者眼结膜拭子标本共57份,使用PCR或RT-PCR法分别检测临床标本中腺病毒、人肠道病毒70型(Human Enterovirus 70,HEV70)和柯萨奇病毒A组24型变种(CoxsackievirusA24 variant,CVA24v)的基因,其中有38份检测结果为CVA24v阳性,阳性率为66.7%,而腺病毒和HEV70检测结果均为阴性,说明引起本次AHC流行的病原体是CVA24v。使用HEp-2细胞共分离到9株病毒,通过分子定型均鉴定为CVA24v,对9株CVA24v进行全长VP1区扩增和核苷酸序列测定和分析后,发现除0744/BJ/CHN/2007株之外,其它8株在全长VP1区核苷酸水平和氨基酸水平上差异都很小,同源性分别大于99.6%和100.0%,而0744/BJ/CHN/2007株与其它8株CVA24v的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为96.8%~97.2%和99.7%。进化树图显示,2007年北京CVA24v分离株与...     

天津市致病毒性脑炎柯萨奇病毒B组5型全基因组序列分析

肠道病毒是我国病毒性脑炎(Viral encephalitis,VE)的主要病原体。本文研究对4株引起VE的天津柯萨奇病毒B组5型(Coxsackievirus B5,CV-B5)分离株进行Illumina MiniSeq高通量测序,并对其全基因组特征、进化及重组特点进行分析。结果提示,4株CV-B5天津分离株的全基因组核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为84.5%~100.0%和98.1%~100.0%,与国内流行株的全基因组核苷酸序列同源性为83.2%~96.5%,氨基酸序列同源性为96.4%~99.4%。基于全基因组的系统进化分析将CV-B5流行株分为A-D四个基因型,其中天津与国内流行株均属于C基因型。C基因型进一步分为3个进化分支,而天津分离株处在两个不同的分支上。基于基因组各区段序列的系统进化与SimPlot重组分析结果显示,天津分离株15-39N、15-41N与埃可病毒30型(Echovirus 30,E-30)原型株在P3区3B、3C、3D区域均检测到重组信号。本研究有助于了解CV-B5的全基因组特点和重组规律,为相关疾病的防控提供依据。     

Molecular analysis of Coxsackievirus A24 variant isolates from three outbreaks of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in 1988, 1994 and 2007 in Beijing,China

Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v) is a major pathogen that causes continued outbreaks and pandemics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC). In China, the first confirmed outbreak of CVA24v-related AHC occurred in Beijing in 1988, followed by another two significant outbreaks respectively in 1994 and 2007, which coincides with the three-stage dynamic distribution of AHC in the world after 1970s. To illustrate the genetic characteristics of CVA24v in different periods, a total of 23 strains were isolated from those three outbreaks and the whole genome of those isolations were sequenced and analyzed. Compared with the prototype strain, the 23 strains shared four nucleotide deletions in the 5' UTR except the 0744 strain isolated in 2007. And at the 98th site, one nucleotide insertion was found in all the strains collected from 2007. From 1994 to 2007, amino acid polarity in the VP1 region at the 25th and the 32nd site were changed. Both the 3C and VP1 phylogenetic tree indicated that isolates from 1988 and 1994 belonged to Genotype III (GIII), and 2007 strains to Genotype IV (GIV). According to the Bayesian analysis based on complete genome sequence, the most recent common ancestors for the isolates in 1988, 1994 and 2007 were respectively estimated around October 1987, February 1993 and December 2004. The evolutionary rate of the CVA24v was estimated to be 7.45×10^-3 substitutions/site/year. Our study indicated that the early epidemic of CVA24v in Chinese mainland was the GIII. Point mutations and amino acid changes in different genotypes of CVA24v may generate intensity differences of the AHC outbreak. CVA24v has been evolving constantly with a relatively rapid rate.     

Molecular evolution of VP3, VP1, 3Cpro and 3Dpol coding regions in coxsackievirus group A type 24 variant isolates from acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in 2011 in Okinawa,Japan

A large acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) outbreak occurred in 2011 in Okinawa Prefecture in Japan. Ten strains of coxsackievirus group A type 24 variant (CA24v) were isolated from patients with AHC and full sequence analysis of the VP3, VP1, 3C^pro and 3D^pol coding regions performed. To assess time‐scale evolution, phylogenetic analysis was performed using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method. In addition, similarity plots were constructed and pairwise distance (p‐distance) and positive pressure analyses performed. A phylogenetic tree based on the VP1 coding region showed that the present strains belong to genotype 4 (G4). In addition, the present strains could have divided in about 2010 from the same lineages detected in other countries such as China, India and Australia. The mean rates of molecular evolution of four coding regions were estimated at about 6.15 to 7.86 × 10^?3 substitutions/site/year. Similarity plot analyses suggested that nucleotide similarities between the present strains and a prototype strain (EH24/70 strain) were 0.77–0.94. The p‐distance of the present strains was relatively short (<0.01). Only one positive selected site (L25H) was identified in the VP1 protein. These findings suggest that the present CA24v strains causing AHC are genetically related to other AHC strains with rapid evolution and emerged in around 2010.

     

引起一起暴发性急性胃肠炎疫情的埃可病毒18型VP1基因特征分析

埃可病毒18型(Echovirus 18,E18)属于B组肠道病毒(Enterovirus B,EV-B),是引起病毒性脑膜炎的重要病原体。对2019年4月广东省深圳市龙岗区一起急性胃肠炎疫情进行病原学鉴定及病原基因特征分析。此次疫情共有26名患者,均以发热、呕吐、腹泻、腹痛为主要症状。从其中18名病例采集了18份肛拭子标本,采用实时荧光RT-PCR、病毒分离(RD细胞)和半巢式聚合酶链反应法以鉴定病原,扩增病毒全长VP1区,测序并进行系统进化分析。结果显示,18份标本中11份肠道病毒核酸阳性,其中8份为E18。病毒分离得到2株病毒,从肛拭子标本直接扩增得到的7条E18全长VP1核苷酸序列,核苷酸相似性为100%,与GenBank中E18参考株的核苷酸及氨基酸同源性分别为79.2%~96.4%和93.3%~99.3%;进化树显示,深圳龙岗E18分离株(GDSZ1902)归属由中国分离株组成的C2a进化分支,在其VP1蛋白中的底部环处发现一处特异的氨基酸变异(D200N)。从流行病学和病原学结果分析,E18是引起本次深圳市龙岗区急性胃肠炎疫情的主要病原,属于中国E18主要流行株的进化分支,这是我国首次发现E18引起急性胃肠炎疫情的报道。     

我国2009年新分离乙脑病毒全基因组序列特征研究

本研究对我国2009年新分离的两株乙脑病毒进行全基因组序列测定和分析,以了解病毒全基因组分子特征。通过RT-PCR和核苷酸序列测定方法获得病毒全基因组序列,采用ClustalX、DNASTAR、MEGA等生物学软件完成核苷酸序列及氨基酸序列分析和系统进化分析等。研究结果显示,新分离两株乙脑病毒YN0911和YN0967株基因组全长均为10 965个核苷酸,编码3 432个氨基酸。这2株乙脑病毒之间核苷酸同源性为98.7%,氨基酸同源性为99.8%。与国际乙脑病毒流行株相比,核苷酸同源性为83.5%～98.9%,氨基酸同源性为94.8%～99.7%。与乙脑病毒疫苗株SA14-14-2相比,在E蛋白有13个氨基酸差异位点,但都位于抗原关键位点之外。这2株病毒在3′UTR区域存在11nt缺失。基于C/PrM区段、E基因、全基因组系统进化分析结果均显示新分离2株乙脑病毒为G I乙脑病毒,并且和越南、四川、贵州、广西以往的分离株遗传进化关系较近。本研究提示我国新分离的2株乙脑病毒均为G I乙脑病毒,决定病毒毒力的关键氨基酸位点未见明显变化。     

Circulation of Coxsackievirus A10 and A6 in Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease in China, 2009–2011

Coxsackieviruses A10 (CV-A10) and A6 (CV-A6) have been associated with increasingly occurred sporadic hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) cases and outbreak events globally. However, our understanding of epidemiological and genetic characteristics of these new agents remains far from complete. This study was to explore the circulation of CV-A10 and CV-A6 in HFMD and their genetic characteristics in China. A hospital based surveillance was performed in three heavily inflicted regions with HFMD from March 2009 to August 2011. Feces samples were collected from children with clinical diagnosis of HFMD. The detection and genotyping of enteroviruses was performed by real-time PCR and sequencing of 5′UTR/VP1 regions. Phylogenetic analysis and selection pressure were performed based on the VP1 sequences. Logistic regression model was used to identify the effect of predominant enterovirus serotypes in causing severe HFMD. The results showed 92.0% of 1748 feces samples were detected positive for enterovirus, with the most frequently presented serotypes as EV-71 (944, 54.0%) and CV-A16 (451, 25.8%). CV-A10 and CV-A6 were detected as a sole pathogen in 82 (4.7%) and 44 (2.5%) cases, respectively. Infection with CV-A10 and EV-71 were independently associated with high risk of severe HFMD (OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.40–5.06; OR = 4.81, 95% CI: 3.07–7.53), when adjusted for age and sex. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that distinct geographic and temporal origins correlated with the gene clusters based on VP1 sequences. An overall ω value of the VP1 was 0.046 for CV-A10 and 0.047 for CV-A6, and no positively selected site was detected in VP1 of both CV-A10 and CV-A6, indicating that purifying selection shaped the evolution of CV-A10 and CV-A6. Our study demonstrates variety of enterovirus genotypes as viral pathogens in causing HFMD in China. CV-A10 and CV-A6 were co-circulating together with EV-71 and CV-A16 in recent years. CV-A10 infection might also be independently associated with severe HFMD.     

Ⅰ型马立克氏病病毒不同致病型参考株与中国分离株pp24基因的克隆与序列分析

为了比较Ⅰ型马立克氏病病毒(MDV)的致病型与pp24基因的关系,将Ⅰ型MDV弱毒(mMDV)、强毒(vMDV)、超强毒(vvMDV)、特超强毒(vv MDV)等不同致病型的CVI988、GA、648A、RB1B、Md5和Md11等6个国际参考株,从中国河北、北京、广东和广西等地分离的7个中国分离株和1个中国疫苗毒814株的pp24基因分别做PCR扩增,并将其克隆到pMD-18载体中测序,与国外已发表的BC-1株进行序列比较.结果表明:Ⅰ型MDV的pp24基因非常保守,15个毒株中只出现5个碱基的随机变化,并引起相应的4个氨基酸改变,但与致病型无明显相关;pp24基因ORF的第81碱基出现差异,所有中国株为G,所有不同致病型国外参考株为C,但并未引起氨基酸改变,显示这一碱基差异只是作为MDV地域性分布的遗传标志,而与病毒分离的年代及致病型等因素无关.     

Emergence of Zika Virus in Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Anopheles sinensis Mosquitoes in China

Zika virus(ZIKV) has been isolated from mosquitoes such as Aedes, Mansonia uniformis, and Culex perfuscus; However,the isolation of ZIKV from Anopheles sinensis and Culex tritaeniorhynchus has not yet been reported. In June and July2018, 22,985 mosquitoes and 57,500 midges were collected in Jiangxi Province in southeastern China. Among them, six strains of ZIKV were isolated from mosquitoes: four from An. sinensis and two from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Molecular genetic analysis showed that the ZIKV isolated from An. sinensis and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus belonged to genotype 2 in the Asian evolutionary branch of ZIKV. In addition, the ZIKV strains isolated from An. sinensis and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus had amino acid substitutions identical to ZIKV strains prevalent in South America since 2015. This study is the first to isolate ZIKV from mosquito specimens collected in the wild of Jiangxi Province, China; This is also the first time that ZIKV has been isolated from An. sinensis and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Given that An. sinensis and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus have a very wide geographical distribution in China and even in eastern and southern Asia, the isolation of several strains of ZIKV from these two mosquitoes poses new challenges for the prevention and control of ZIKV infection in the mainland of China and countries and regions with the same distribution of mosquitoes.     

中国1995～1999年鸡传染性支气管炎病毒地方分离株核蛋白基因的遗传变异分析

应用RT-PCR方法扩增到了我国1995~1999年10株IBV现地分离株的核蛋白基因片段,并将其进行了克隆、序列测定及分析。结果发现,10株IBV分离株核蛋白基因均含有一个长1 230bp的ORF,编码由409个氨基酸残基组成的多肽,未发现碱基的插入和缺失。与GenBank中的20个IBV参考毒株核蛋白基因序列进行比较和分析,发现本研究分离的毒株主要分布于3个群中,该3群病毒主要包括我国IBV现地分离株。对n基因及其局部功能区序列比较发现,我国分离株与H120疫苗株N蛋白存在广泛的氨基酸变异。通过与s1基因系统发育进化树比较发现,我国IBV分离株存在基因重组现象。以上结果表明我国1995~1999年IBV毒株存在基因突变和基因重组现象。