稀土元素对鲤鱼肝胰脏多种酶及MDA含量的影响

目的：探究稀土元素对鱼类肝胰脏抗氧化性及淀粉酶的长期影响。方法：将鲤鱼暴露于0.01、0.1、2、5mg/L的La^3＋溶液中120d,研究分析了La^3＋对鲤鱼肝胰脏POD和SOD活性,MDA含量及SOD和AMY同工酶的影响。结果：表明0.01、0.1、2、5mg/LLa^3＋组与对照组相比,镧对肝胰脏中MDA含量影响不显著,对SOD和POD的活性却表现出了显著抑制（p〈0.05或p〈0.01）。同工酶电泳实验结果表明：鲤鱼肝胰脏SOD酶带,对照组有3条,但处理组各有1条,且酶带亮度弱于对照;0.01、0.1mg/L组La^3＋导致AMY酶带亮度较对照组明显增强,且新增1条酶带。但2、5mg/L组,镧对AMY同工酶影响并不显著。结论：La^3＋能使肝胰脏SOD、POD活性减弱,能使SOD、AMY同工酶酶谱发生显著变化。     

胰脏核糖核酸酶的生理功能和分子结构与进化

各种生物中广泛存在核糖核酸酶(RNase).自1939年Kunitz.首次得到结晶的牛胰脏RNase以来,生物化学家开始对动物胰脏RNase进行多方面的研究.首先是因为胰脏RNase是研究RNA结构的一种重要工具酶.其次,比较胰脏RNase分子中氨基酸的异同和性质,也是深入了解蛋白质结构与功能关系的重要手段,另外,研究进化地位不同的动物     

胰酶中镉的去除研究

综合对酶活性的影响,研究胰酶中镉的去除条件.在pH为6.0,HCA-1加入量为0.8%,树脂加入量为40 mL(胰脏投料200 g),胰脏活化时用HCA-1络合去除胰酶中的镉,其最高去除率可达54.9%,此时胰蛋白酶、胰脂肪酶、胰淀粉酶的活力几乎没有什么影响.该工艺可以很好地嵌入现有胰酶生产工艺中,几乎不增加生产步骤,具有非常好的工业应用前景.     

SARS 冠状病毒非结构蛋白质NSP3突变体构建及其对类泛素分子DUB活性

SARS冠状病毒(SARS-CoV) 非结构蛋白NSP3编码的木瓜蛋白酶样蛋白酶(PLpro)对泛素样分子(Ubl) 具有去泛素化酶(DUB)活性,但目前有关NSP3 DUB活性研究的报道甚少. 本研究构建包含Nsp3基因 N末端不同结构域的突变体,并检测NSP3及其一系列突变体对类泛素分子ISG15和SUMO所修饰蛋白质分子的作用特性. 实验结果表明,NSP3及其突变体NSP3AD,NSP3AE,NSP3AF具有一定的去ISG15活性,而其突变体NSP3AC则没有去ISG15 (DeISGylation) 活性. 研究结果提示,SARS NSP3具有一定的体内去ISG15活性,并且这种活性主要依赖于Nsp3基因编码的PLpro. 但SARS NSP3及其突变体NSP3AC,NSP3AD,NSP3AE和NSP3AF并不具有去SUMO (DeSUMOylation) 活性. SARS冠状病毒NSP3对类泛素样分子作用特性的研究为后续NSP3的生物学特性及其对干扰素通路的调控研究奠定了基础.     

猪胰脏冻干粉对肉鸡生长性能的影响

目的:研究日粮中添加猪胰脏冻干粉时肉鸡生长性能和血液生化指标的影响.方法:择8日龄内鸡390只,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每重复26只,5个组分别在基础日粮中添加不同剂量猪胰脏冻干粉.结果:在饲料中添加0.4%猪胰脏冻干粉可提高28日龄肉鸡采食量5.35%、日增重3.96%(P＜0.05);猪姨脏冻干粉组血清总蛋白含量偏高,但对提高肉鸡血糖、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量和尿素氮含量没有显著性影响(P＞0.05);同时显示,猪胰脏冻干粉可提高肉鸡十二指肠食糜和空肠食糜蛋白酶活性4.41%和14.17%(P＜0.05);也显著影响了肉鸡养分表现利用率(P＜0.05).结论:猪胰脏冻干粉具有提高肉鸡生长性能、采食量、食糜蛋白酶活性和日粮能量利用率的作用.     

氧化鱼油对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idelluspond)肝胰脏、肠道胆固醇、胆汁酸合成代谢的影响

为了研究氧化鱼油对草鱼肝胰脏、肠道胆固醇、胆汁酸合成代谢的影响,本研究以豆油、鱼油、氧化鱼油作为饲料脂肪源,分别设计鱼油组(6F)、豆油组(6S)、2%氧化鱼油(2OF)、4%氧化鱼油(4OF)及6%氧化鱼油(6OF)5组等氮、等能半纯化饲料,在池塘网箱养殖平均体重为(74.8±1.2)g草鱼72 d。采用实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)的方法,测定了草鱼肝胰脏、肠道组织中四种胆固醇合成相关酶HMGCR、SREBP2、CETP、ABCA1和胆汁酸合成关键酶CYP7A1的基因表达活性,结合血清、肝胰脏和肠道TC、TBA含量分析了胆固醇、胆汁酸的合成强度的变化。结果显示:(1)添加氧化鱼油后,草鱼肝胰脏HMGCR基因表达活性显著上调(p0.05),ABCA1和CYP7A1基因表达活性显著下调(p0.05),肝胰脏TC、TBA含量显著增加(p0.05);(2)添加氧化鱼油后,草鱼肠道HMGCR基因表达活性显著上调(p0.05),CYP7A1基因表达活性显著下调(p0.05),肠道TC含量显著增加(p0.05),而TBA含量显著减少(p0.05);(3)添加鱼油或氧化鱼油后,饲料∑PUFA含量与肝胰脏ABCA1基因表达活性呈显著正相关关系(p0.05),饲料MDA含量与肠道ABCA1基因表达活性呈显著负相关关系(p0.05)。结果表明,随着饲料氧化鱼油添加量的增加,在饲料∑PUFA含量减少和鱼油氧化产物MDA含量增加的交互影响下,肝胰脏和肠道细胞胆固醇合成能力、向细胞内转运胆固醇的能力增强,向细胞外转运胆固醇的能力、以胆固醇为原料合成胆汁酸的能力减弱,致使肝胰脏、肠道、血清胆固醇含量增加、而血清、肠道胆汁酸含量减少。肝胰脏胆汁酸含量增加,显示肝胰脏有胆汁酸淤积的发展趋势。预示着鱼体生理代谢可能需要更多的胆固醇以满足生理代谢的需要,而鱼体胆汁酸可能出现供给不足。     

活酵母衍生物对丁(鱼岁)抗氧化能力和部分免疫活性指标的影响

在饲料中添加0.4%活酵母衍生物(LYCD)喂养丁(Tincatinca),对该鱼超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、氧化代谢产物丙二醛(MDA)以及溶菌酶(LYZ)等指标进行测定。结果表明:LYCD可显著提高机体的抗氧化能力;促进鱼体SOD酶的产生,试验与对照组鱼鳃SOD酶活性表现出极显著差异,肝胰脏和脾脏SOD酶的含量显著提高;试验组肝胰脏CAT酶活性极显著升高而氧化代谢产物MDA则极显著下降,脾脏也有显著差异;试验组鱼鳃和肝胰脏组织LYZ活性极显著高于对照组,脾脏LYZ活性也显著提高,而肾脏没有明显变化;同时LYCD还能增加白细胞的吞噬能力,白细胞吞噬指数明显增加     

额尔齐斯河野生丁(鐬)蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性的研究

目的:研究温度、pH、金属离子对新疆额尔齐斯河野生丁(鐬)消化道蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性的影响.方法:酶学和生化法.结果:丁(鐬)蛋白酶活性,后肠＞前肠＞中肠＞肝胰脏;淀粉酶活性,后肠＞中肠＞前肠＞肝胰脏.肠道、肝胰脏蛋白酶的最适温度分别为35℃、40℃,淀粉酶的最适温度均为40℃.消化道各部位蛋白酶、淀粉酶的体外最适pH为7.5.在试验的离子浓度范围,高浓度Ag 、Cu2 抑制酶活力;高浓度Fe3 、Mg2 、Ca2 促进酶活力;Pb 、Ba2 对消化道酶活力影响依浓度和部位而变.结论:消化酶最适温度均高于所处环境温度,最适pH值变化范围偏碱性;不同浓度金属离子对丁(鐬)消化道各部位蛋白酶、淀粉酶活力高低表现出不同的变化趋势.     

镧对鲤鱼五种组织超氧化物歧化酶同工酶及酶活性的影响

将鲤鱼暴露于不同浓度的氯化镧溶液120 d,研究稀土元素镧对鲤鱼脑、肝胰脏、肾、鳃、肌肉5种组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)同工酶及酶活性的长期影响,结果表明:镧对SOD的影响表现出一定的组织差异性.在实验浓度范围内(0.01～5 mg/L),镧对肝胰脏、鳃、肌肉SOD均有明显抑制作用,且与对照组相比相差显著或极显著(P< 0.05或P< 0.01),而脑、肾SOD活性与对照组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05).同工酶电泳实验结果表明:镧能使鲤鱼肝胰脏、脑、肾、肌肉、鳃SOD酶带活性强弱发生明显变化,还能使肝胰脏SOD同工酶酶带缺失.     

A组轮状病毒NSP6蛋白表达及免疫学性质研究

轮状病毒(RV）NSP6与NSP5由同一基因片段编码,至今对NSP6 性质了解很少。用基因重组表达和免疫学方法,重组表达了A组人RV NSP6蛋白,进行了NSP6的动物免疫及其抗原反应性、免疫原性研究以及RV感染细胞中NSP6的合成及亚细胞分布研究。研究结果表明,NSP6可在原核系统中高效表达,表达蛋白占菌体总蛋白的34.2%;NSP6免疫豚鼠血清抗体可特异性识别菌体细胞中表达的NSP6和SA11及Wa病毒感染的MA104细胞中合成的NSP6蛋白;病毒感染细胞中合成的NSP6在感染后3h就可检测到,12h表达量达到最高;NSP6在病毒感染细胞质中呈弥散状分布,并主要积聚在细胞核的周围,未观察到毒质体样结构。研究结果对深入了解RV NSP6的结构与功能具有重要的意义,具有重要的潜在应用价值。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of hydrazone derivatives of 4-[3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid and 4-[3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid

Microbial resistance to antibiotics is an unresolved global concern, which needs urgent and coordinated action. One of the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) to combat antibiotic resistance is the development of new antibiotics to treat drug-resistant bacteria. In our effort to find new antibiotics, we report the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of 30 new pyrazole derivatives. These novel molecules have been synthesized by using readily available starting materials and benign reaction conditions. Some of these molecules have shown activity with MIC values as low as 0.78?µg/mL against four bacterial strains; Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Furthermore, active molecules are non-toxic to mammalian cell line.

     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Novel compounds with potent CDK9 inhibitory activity for the treatment of myeloma

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and Polo-like kinases (PLKs) play key role in the regulation of the cell cycle. The aim of our study was originally the further development of our recently discovered polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitors. A series of new 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized around the original hit, but their PLK1 inhibitory activity was very poor. However the novel compounds showed nanomolar CDK9 inhibitory activity and very good antiproliferative effect on multiple myeloma cell lines (RPMI-8226).