棉花黄萎病菌实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及应用

利用棉花黄萎病菌ITS区特异性引物建立了棉花黄萎病菌的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。利用实时荧光PCR体系,以324 bp的PCR扩增产物构建了标准曲线并对该方法的灵敏度、特异性和重复性进行了评估。结果表明:该方法特异性良好,检测灵敏度为100 copies·μL-1,标准曲线的相关系数为0.994,扩增效率为91.5%。利用建立的检测方法对转基因棉田及常规棉田土壤样本进行检测,结果表明转基因棉田中棉花黄萎病菌数量显著高于常规棉田,与实际观测到的现象一致,也证明了本方法的可行性。因此,本研究建立的棉花黄萎病菌检测方法具有灵敏度高、重复性好等特点,为棉花的种植及病害防治提供了有效的检测手段。     

小麦脱水素基因wzy2表达量实时荧光定量PCR方法的建立和应用

以陕合6号小麦品种为材料,用SYBR GreenⅡ染料,参照小麦脱水素wzy2和-βactin基因序列设计引物,建立小麦wzy2基因的实时荧光定量PCR分析方法.结果表明:通过对标准品标准曲线和熔解曲线分析,其标准曲线的Ct值检测范围为12~30,PCR扩增效率高达111.3%;不同的标准品扩增曲线的间距为3.078,接近于理想值3.32,且可显示产物特异的单峰,引物的特异性扩增强.小麦脱水素基因wzy2表达量实时荧光定量PCR的测定结果表明,小麦脱水素基因wzy2在胁迫24 h的表达量明显高于胁迫12 h的表达量.     

粪便中肠球菌SYBR GreenI荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

目的利用SYBR GreenI荧光定量PCR方法,建立肠球菌实时荧光PCR检测方法,并初步应用于粪便中肠球菌的检测。方法根据GenBank发表的肠球菌23S rRNA基因序列的保守区域设计合成特异性的引物;利用构建的质粒标准品绘制两种标准曲线,构建基因拷贝数、细菌数为分析指标的定量分析模型并初步应用于粪便标本的检测分析。结果所建立的SYBR GreenI荧光定量PCR方法检测灵敏度可达7个拷贝数/reaction。粪便样本根据实时荧光定量PCR方法所得的理论数值与培养菌值之间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。非炎性腹泻标本中菌数与健康成人标本中菌数差异无显著性(P>0.05)。灵敏度曲线所得的数值大于菌数标准曲线,可能由于DNA提取过程中存在部分的损失。检测粪便标本结果显示SYBR GreenI荧光定量PCR方法较平板计数法敏感、快捷、简便。结论本研究建立了一种灵敏、特异、简便易行的肠球菌定量检测方法。     

EvaGreen实时荧光定量PCR检测猪圆环病毒2型方法的建立

根据GenBank中的猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)ORF4基因序列设计一对特异性引物,通过常规PCR扩增PCV2的ORF4基因,并将其纯化的PCR产物克隆入pMD18-T载体中,构建重组质粒。应用该重组质粒进行EvaGreen实时荧光定量PCR,建立了PCV2 DNA的标准曲线,并进行熔解曲线分析。结果显示:建立的EvaGreen实时荧光定量PCR特异性强,与其他非靶标病毒基因不发生交叉反应;灵敏度高,最高可检测到10拷贝/μL的病毒量;重复性好,3个浓度的批间和批内的变异系数均小于2.5%;对118份临床样品进行检测,阳性样品25份,阳性率为21.2%,检测结果与普通PCR相符率为99.2%,其中一份样品经荧光PCR检测为PCV2阳性,普通PCR检测为阴性。结果表明,建立的EvaGreen实时荧光定量PCR方法具有特异性强、敏感度高、重复性好、简便快捷等特点,可用于临床PCV2感染的早期诊断以及分子流行病学调查。     

猪IGF-Ⅰ基因荧光定量PCR标准曲线的建立

目的:建立用荧光定量PCR方法检测猪IGF-Ⅰ基因表达量的标准曲线。方法:根据自己克隆的猪IGF-Ⅰ(GenBankNo.DQ784687)基因mRNA序列,设计合成引物和探针,采用Taqman探针荧光定量RT-PCR的检测方法,构建检测猪IGF-Ⅰ基因表达量的标准曲线。结果:由pMD-18T IGF-Ⅰ所构建的标准曲线线性关系良好(反应体系中含1×102~1×106拷贝猪IGF-Ⅰ基因分子时,扩增反应Ct值与拷贝数的对数呈线性关系)、灵敏度高(可检测出低于10个拷贝/μL的样品)、特异性强、准确可靠。结论:成功构建了用荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测猪IGF-Ⅰ基因表达量的标准曲线。     

猪IGF-I基因荧光定量PCR标准曲线的建立

目的建立用荧光定量PCR方法检测猪IGF-Ⅰ基因表达量的标准曲线.方法根据自己克隆的猪IGF-Ⅰ(GenBankNo.DQ784687)基因mRNA序列,设计合成引物和探针,采用Taqman探针荧光定量RT-PCR的检测方法,构建检测猪IGF-Ⅰ基因表达量的标准曲线.结果由pMD-18TIGF-Ⅰ所构建的标准曲线线性关系良好(反应体系中含1×102～1×106拷贝猪IGF-Ⅰ基因分子时,扩增反应Ct值与拷贝数的对数呈线性关系)、灵敏度高(可检测出低于10个拷贝/μL的样品)、特异性强、准确可靠.结论成功构建了用荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测猪IGF-Ⅰ基因表达量的标准曲线.     

O1群霍乱弧菌实时荧光定量PCR快速检测方法的建立

目的:建立针对O1群霍乱弧菌的实时荧光定量TaqMan PCR快速检测方法,并进行模拟粪便标本的检测评价。方法:根据O1群霍乱弧菌O抗原编码基因rfb的特异性序列设计引物和TaqMan探针,建立检测O1群霍乱弧菌的实时荧光定量TaqMan PCR快速检测方法,对所建立的方法分别进行实验室内的灵敏度及特异性评价;将O1群霍乱弧菌灭活菌株悬液倍比稀释后与健康成人新鲜粪便混匀,制备成模拟带菌者粪便标本,提取DNA,进行Taq-Man PCR检测,用以评价该方法。结果:建立了快速检测O1群霍乱弧菌的实时荧光定量TaqMan PCR方法,灵敏度为每反应体系104拷贝;该方法对其他14种肠道菌DNA没有扩增;该方法对模拟粪便标本的检测灵敏度为每反应体系102 CFU。结论:建立了一种快速、高效检测O1群霍乱弧菌的荧光定量PCR检测方法,该方法可用于O1群霍乱弧菌临床粪便标本的检测。     

肠球菌TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

目的利用TaqMan荧光定量PCR方法,建立肠球菌实时荧光PCR检测方法,并初步应用于粪便中肠球菌的检测。方法根据GenBank发表的肠球菌23S rRNA基因序列的保守区域参考国外文献设计合成特异性的引物和探针[1];利用构建的质粒标准品优化Mg2 的浓度和引物探针浓度,并考核检测体系的保守性、灵敏性和重复性;初步应用于粪便标本的检测分析。结果Mg2 终浓度为4.5 mmol/L,上下游引物终浓度为0.4μmol/L,灵敏度为6拷贝数/反应;绘制两种标准曲线,构建了基因拷贝数、细菌数为分析指标的定量分析模型,检测粪便标本结果显示TaqMan荧光定量PCR方法较平板计数法敏感、快捷、简便。结论本研究建立了一种灵敏、特异、简便易行的肠球菌定量检测方法。     

转基因大豆、玉米、油菜和水稻品系特异性检测质粒标准分子的快速构建及应用

本文采用重叠延伸PCR技术快速构建了转基因大豆GTS40-3-2、玉米NK603、油菜RT73和水稻TT51-1的4种品系作物的质粒标准分子.经快速PCR鉴定及测序分析验证后,将构建的阳性质粒标准分子应用于实时荧光定量PCR标准曲线的构建,并建立其相应的荧光定量PCR检测体系,同时对该体系的扩增效率、精确度、灵敏度等指标进行了评估. 结果显示,建立的实时荧光定量PCR检测体系中,目标序列的扩增效率均在97.434%~101.479%正常范围内（R2≥0.995）,定量极限为20 copies,表明我们已成功构建了这4种转基因作物的品系质粒标准分子,并能有效应用于实时荧光定量PCR标准曲线的构建.     

家蚕质型多角体病毒荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

根据GenBank报道的家蚕质型多角体蛋白基因的保守序列设计特异性引物扩增118bp核苷酸片段,使用含有目的基因片段的重组质粒标准品绘制标准曲线,建立家蚕质型多角体病毒的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。结果表明,标准曲线中模板拷贝数(X)与Ct值(Y)关系为Y=-3.582lgX+38.748,相关系数R2=0.999,构建的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法具有良好的敏感性、特异性和重复性,可用于家蚕质型多角体病毒病的快速检验及该病的流行性调查研究。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.