共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 665 毫秒
1.
小麦抗锈变异体的RAPD分子验证 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
将长穗偃麦草DNA导入普通小麦甘麦8号,在其后代出现广泛变异,并从中选育出两个优良的抗条锈病的姊妹变异体。本实验以原供体和受体作为对照,对两个变异体进行了RAPD分子验证,其主要结果为:两个变异体的大多数引物扩增产物带型类同于受体,而与供体带型差异显著;在81个引物中有2个引物检测出了DNA的多态生,主要表现为变异体90001-17中1条带活性不仅超过受体,而且也远超过90001-1的相应带活性,同时两个变异体都出现了1条供体和受体都没有的新带,分子量约为1044bp;另一引物扩增后,变异体90001-17和90001-1分别出现了2条和1条特异性带,分子量约为1073bp和1020bp,此外在两个变异体阳极端带明显被激活,而受体中1条分子量约为968bp的带在变异体中活性降低或消失等。从而表明抗锈变异体9001-17和90001-1的形成是供体的DNA片段进入受体基因组的结果。 相似文献
2.
外源DNA导入小麦的RAPD验证及遗传分析 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
将外源DNA特别是牛胸腺DNA转移给普通小麦,对在其后代中选育出的矮杆变异体进行了RAPD分子验证及其遗传学分析研究,获得了3个主要结果:(1)对变异体D111,受体814527,供体矮孟牛I型进行的RAPD验证中,通过137个引物由5个引物检测出了DNA的多态性,表明矮秆变异体D111的出现可能是供体的片段DNA进入了受体并得到稳定遗传。(2)对变异体D011,D1453,受体814527,供体牛胸腺DNA进行的RAPD验证中,在供试的180个引物中,变异体,受体扩增产物的带型绝大多数一致而与供体则完全不一致,其中有很少引物对变异体和受体扩增产物的带型表现不同,还有个别引物对变异体扩增产物的带型与供体的个别带一致,由此说明亲缘关系极远的牛胸腺DNA导入受体引起的变异更为广泛和复杂;(3)3个矮秆变异体的遗传分析表明,控制其株高的基因位于核基因组,在杂种后代中表现了明显降低株高的作用,其杂种后代的某些农艺性状也表现良好,因此,利用它们进行杂交育种或在杂种优势的利用上,都将是有较好应用价值前途的新矮源。 相似文献
3.
离子束介导甘蓝全DNA转化拟南芥菜的分子分析 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
30 keV的Ar+离子束在1.5×1017 ions/cm2的注入剂量下介导外源甘蓝全DNA导入模式植物拟南芥菜,在94株转化当代植株中,有6株表型产生变异。以其中的一株(T-5)作为研究对象,用80条10碱基随机引物对该株和其子代变异株基因组作随机扩增的多态性DNA分析,引物S176 在T-5和其变异子代T-5-2中扩增出了相同分子量的变异新条带T-5S176-620。T-5S176-620的碱基序列和拟南芥菜基因组序列进行同源比对,结果表明该片段不属于拟南芥菜基因组,Southern杂交实验证明该片段来自供体甘蓝基因组。但是,根据T-5S176-620序列设计的引物不能从甘蓝基因组中扩增出预期长度的DNA片段,结合离子束介导外源全DNA转化的特点和过程,探讨了其中可能的机制。 相似文献
4.
外源DNA导入燕麦后代的蛋白电泳及RAPD分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将皮燕麦外源DNA通过花粉管途径导入裸燕麦受体品种,对获得的2个遗传性已经稳定的优良变异后代(品系)982D-2和982D-26进行了可溶性蛋白电泳和RAPD分析,结果表明:从可溶性蛋白电泳图谱中观察到982D-2后代具有3条供体亲本的特异蛋白带,其分子量分别为25.2KD,24KD和13KD;982D-26后代具有1条供体亲本的特异蛋白带。其分子量为24KD;选用37个引物对以上2个变异后代及其它们的供,受体亲本基因组DNA进行RAPD扩增,从其中D36和D522个引物的扩增图谱中观察到2个变异后代具有4个与供体亲本相同,而受体亲本所没有的特异性DNA片段。综合比较982D-2和982D-26变异后代的蛋白电泳及RAPD扩增图谱表明,它们在基因组水平上具有较大的遗传异质性,育种上可作为不同的新型种质资源加以利用。本研究的分析结果证明,供体皮燕麦外源DNA已通过花粉管途径导入到受体裸燕麦中。 相似文献
5.
6.
野生稻DNA导入水稻后代的SSR检测分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
以宁夏地区水稻主栽品种‘宁粳16号’、‘宁粳23号’为受体,普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon,2n=2x=24, AA)为供体,利用花粉管通道导人法与茎注射法相结合的导入方法,将普通野生稻DNA导入宁夏水稻栽培品种, 对筛选出的21份形态、农艺性状典型变异的D2代材料及其对照利用SSR分子标记进行分子鉴定,结果表明,有 17份变异材料扩增出野生稻特有的DNA片段,而2个对照均不能扩增出野生稻特异的DNA片段,证明这些材料就是野生稻DNA片段导入的后代。另外有些材料出现受体DNA条带的减少,可能是由于野生稻DNA片段整合到水稻基因组中该引物结合位点或附近,原有的结合位点破坏而造成的。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
用随机扩增多态性DNA产物做探针产生鸡的DNA指纹图 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
我们用12个随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)引物对来自不同品系的4只鸡进行了RAPD分析,在扩增出的共99条带中,表现多态性的带为38条,占总带数的38%.回收了4个表现个体特异性的RAPD产物,当用鸡的基因组总DNA探针与它们杂交时,其中3个表现阳性,说明RAPD方法扩增出的高变异产物含有重复序列.用含重复序列的个体特异性RAPD产物作探针,与无关个体鸡基因组DNA的HaeⅢ酶切产物进行DNA印迹,获得了变异性较高的DNA指纹图谱.因此,高变异的RAPD产物可以有效地用作DNA指纹探针. 相似文献
10.
11.
陕西大豆资源遗传多样性及变异特点研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用42个PAPD引物对75份陕西大豆种质进行遗传多样性分析,共扩增出310个条带,平均每个引物扩增7.3个条带,多态性比率为96%;田间试验考察了13个农艺性状。陕西大豆的遗传多样性在秦岭南、北两个地区有所不同,秦岭北品种遗传多样性指数较高的性状数目和性状遗传多样性指数都大于秦岭南品种,RAPD分子标记遗传多样性指数也是秦岭北品种大于秦岭南品种,但秦岭南品种RAPD分子标记的遗传多样性指数较高的个数大于秦岭北品种。聚类分析将参试大豆材料分为三大类,基本上反映了材料的地理来源。主成分分析结果显示,前两个主成分反映了10.95%的遗传变异,基于前两个主成分值的二维散点图可以将两个地区的材料基本区分开来。AMOVA分析显示,陕西大豆品种个体间的遗传变异占总变异的92.06%,地区间的遗传变异占总变异的7.94%,二者都达到了极显著水平。研究结果表明,陕西大豆资源存在丰富的遗传多样性,秦岭北品种遗传多样性较高,但秦岭南品种有着广泛的微小变异。 相似文献
12.
13.
Iqbal A Khan AS Khan IA Awan FS Ahmad A Khan AA 《Genetics and molecular research : GMR》2007,6(3):476-481
The degree of genetic divergence was estimated in seven wheat genotypes, six exotic genotypes and one local variety, through random amplified polymorphic DNA methodology. A total of 112 DNA fragments were generated by the 15 random primers, with an average of about 7.4 bands per primer. Among the 112, 50 fragments showed polymorphism among the seven wheat genotypes. Nei and Li's similarity matrix ranged from 86.2 to 93.0%, which indicated a narrow genetic base among the genotypes. The maximum similarity, 93.0%, was observed between 12WLRG/1-12 and WL-43. The local variety, Chenab-70, showed the lowest similarity with the exotic types. We conclude that random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis can be used for the characterization and grouping of wheat genotypes; these results will be helpful in our wheat breeding program. 相似文献
14.
Genome scanning for resistance-gene analogs in rice, barley, and wheat by high-resolution electrophoresis 总被引:31,自引:8,他引:23
X. M. Chen R. F. Line H. Leung 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(3):345-355
Genes cloned from diverse plants for resistance to different pathogens have sequence similarities in domains presumably involved
in pathogen recognition and signal transduction in triggering the defense response. Primers based on the conserved regions
of resistance genes often amplify multiple fragments that may not be separable in an agarose gel. We used denaturing polyacrylamide-gel
electrophoresis to detect PCR products of plant genomic DNA amplified with primers based on conserved regions of resistance
genes. Depending upon the primer pairs used, 30–130 bands were detected in wheat, rice, and barley. As high as 47%, 40%, and
27% of the polymorphic bands were detected in rice, barley, and wheat, respectively, and as high as 12.5% of the polymorphic
bands were detected by certain primers in progeny from a cross of the wheat cultivars ‘Stephens’ and ‘Michigan Amber’. Using
F6 recombinant inbred lines from the ‘Stephens’בMichigan Amber’ cross, we demonstrated that polymorphic bands amplified with
primers based on leucine-rich repeats, nucleotide-binding sites and protein kinase genes, were inherited as single loci. Linkages
between molecular markers and stripe rust resistance genes were detected. This technique provides a new way to develop molecular
markers for assessing the genetic diversity of germplasm based upon potential candidate resistance genes in diverse species.
Received : 5 September 1997 / Accepted : 6 November 1997 相似文献
15.
Phytophthora sojae causes root and stem rot, one of the most important diseases of soybean worldwide. Genetic diversity of 32 Phytophthora sojae isolates of different geographic origin from Argentina was evaluated with RAPD markers. The isolates were collected from diseased soybean plants and soil samples from Santa Fe, Buenos Aires, C6rdoba and Entre Rios provinces, in the Pampeana Region. DNA was amplified with 20 decanucleotides primers. Seven primers amplified 49 fragments, of which 35 were polymorphic, indicating high variability. RAPD analysis detected intraspecific variability even among isolates of the same geographic origin. 相似文献
16.
17.
Development of a STS marker linked to a major locus controlling flour colour in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Parker G.D. Langridge P. 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2000,6(2):169-174
Flour colour is an important quality trait in the production of bread, noodles and other related end products. Current screening for flour colour in breeding programs requires several grams of flour to be milled. In order to screen large numbers of plants, a rapid PCR-based assay is required. We report here the conversion of a codominant AFLP marker linked to a major locus controlling flour colour in hexaploid wheat, to a sequence tagged site (STS) marker for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS). The two-allelic AFLP bands were cloned and sequenced to allow specific primers to be designed. The primers amplified bands of the expected size in the parental varieties and co-segregated with the original AFLP marker in the mapping population. The primers also amplified alleles of the expected size from the DNA of parental lines of two other related mapping populations. Cultivars that contributed to the pedigree of the original parent `Schomburgk' used to generate the mapping population were also screened to determine the origin of the `yellow' allele. 相似文献
18.
普通小麦"济南177"(Triticum aestivum L.cv.Jinan177)经继代培养和选择,形成了性质不同的愈伤组织,一种生长迅速,易于形成悬浮系,游离的原生质具有旺盛的分裂能力,但不能分化,称为Cha9;另一种具有一定能力,但游离原生质体分裂能力低,称为176.二者之一来源的原生质体与紫外线照射的青苗碱谷原生质体融合均不能获得再生植株.而将源于Cha9和176的两种原生质体混合,与经紫外线照射的青苗碱谷原生质体在PEG诱导下融合,融合产物再生了大量植株.再生的愈伤组织及植株经表现型、细胞学、有工酶、RAPD分析,证明了其杂种性质,用不麦叶绿体特异的简单得复序列(SSR)引物分析了再生杂种的叶绿体遗传组成情况.在不同的杂种克隆中,同时带有Cha9和176的遗传物质并含有供体核及胞质基因组的克隆4具有较高的分化能力,再生了大量生长旺盛的完整植株. 相似文献
19.
应用 5 个重复序列引物,通过 PCR 扩增试验,研究了不同滞育状态麦红吸浆虫 DNA 的多态性。结果表明:1) 5 个重复序列引物共扩增了 104 条核酸带,分子量介于 202~1 163bp 之间;2) 不同滞育状态的麦红吸浆虫的平均相似性指数范围在 0.573~0.936 之间,在种群 3 和种群 4 之间,最大的平均相似性指数是 0.936,在种群 1、3、4、5 和种群 6、7、8 之间平均相似性指数较高(均超过 0.81);3)不同滞育状态麦红吸浆虫群体的遗传变异大部分来自群体间,产生于群体间的变异为62.41%,来自群体内的变异为37.59%;4) 根据对不同滞育状态间遗传距离的聚类分析,麦红吸浆虫的滞育类型可分为三大类。首次报道了不同滞育状态麦红吸浆虫量化的DNA多态性。 相似文献