抑癌基因Fhit重组腺病毒的构建表达及其在结肠癌细胞中的生物学功能

目的：构建携带抑癌基因Fhit的重组腺病毒并通过其研究Fhit蛋白对结直肠癌细胞增殖能力的影响。方法：利用PCR方法从人胎肝文库中克隆Fhit基因片段,Fhit基因PCR产物连入T载体构建重组质粒pMD18T-Fhit。测序正确后,将基因片段导入ptrack-CMV穿梭质粒中,构建重组穿梭载体ptrack-CMV-Fhit。将经PmeⅠ 单酶切线性化的ptrack-CMV-Fhit和骨架腺病毒质粒pAdEasy-1共转BJ5183大肠杆菌,使ptrack-CMV-Fhit和pAdEasy-1发生同源重组。经PacI酶切鉴定正确后,将重组腺病毒质粒转染293A细胞获得表达Fhit蛋白的重组腺病毒rAd-Fhit,将获得的重组腺病毒感染结肠癌细胞,采用蛋白印迹法检测外源Fhit蛋白的表达,并进一步观察其对细胞增殖能力的影响。结果：我们成功构建了携带有Fhit基因的重组腺病毒,且能够在结肠癌细胞中成功表达Fhit蛋白。在结肠癌细胞中,Fhit蛋白明显减弱了结肠癌细胞的增殖能力。结论：在结肠癌细胞中,Fhit基因可能扮演抑癌基因的角色,而表达Fhit的重组腺病毒很可能成为一种结肠癌生物治疗的新策略。     

卵巢癌组织中dbpA的表达及其对卵巢癌细胞增殖的影响

目的:探讨dbp A蛋白在卵巢癌组织中的表达及其对卵巢癌细胞增殖的影响。方法:通过荧光定量和蛋白质免疫印迹方法检测临床卵巢癌组织和正常癌旁组织中dbp A的表达量;设计合成针对dbp A基因的双链小干扰RNA转染人卵巢癌细胞系SKOV3和A2780细胞,用荧光定量和蛋白质免疫印迹方法检测细胞中dbp A的表达量,MTT法和克隆形成试验检测细胞的增殖能力和克隆形成能力,流式细胞术检测各组细胞周期和细胞凋亡的变化。结果:dbp A在卵巢癌组织、SKOV3和A2780细胞中表达较癌旁正常卵巢组织显著升高。沉默dbp A后,SKOV3和A2780细胞中dbp A蛋白表达量显著降低,SKOV3和A2780细胞增殖能力和克隆形成能力显著下降(P0.05),G0/G1期细胞百分比显著增加(P0.01),S期细胞百分比明显减少(P0.05),细胞凋亡率显著升高(P0.01)。结论:dbp A在卵巢癌组织和卵巢癌细胞SKOV3和A2780中过表达,沉默dbp A基因后可抑制SKOV3和A2780细胞的增殖能力和克隆形成能力。     

犬2型腺病毒E1转化细胞的建立

为建立能表达犬2型腺病毒(CAV2)E1基因的辅助细胞,本研究用含CAV2E1基因的重组质粒pcE1t对DK细胞进行转染,经G418的筛选,得到26个细胞克隆。用CAV2E1A特异引物对各细胞克隆进行PCR和RTPCR检测,PCR结果表明转染后的细胞克隆都能扩增出536bp的特异性片段,但仅有6株为RTPCR强阳性,能扩增出652bp的特异带。再对RTPCR强阳性的细胞克隆进行Westernblot分析,最终挑选到一个既能转录E1A基因,又能表达E1B19kD蛋白的克隆细胞株(DKE1)。     

KAI1基因转染人乳腺癌细胞系的建立及初步研究

目的:通过将外源性KAI1基因转染入高转移性人乳腺癌细胞株,为乳腺癌基因治疗的实验室研究提供靶细胞,并初步探讨该基因对乳腺癌细胞增殖能力及细胞周期的影响。方法:采用脂质体法将pCMV-KAI1质粒转染入低表达KAIl基因的人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231中,经G418筛选后获得抗性克隆,利用RT-PCR、Western blot分析目的基因及其蛋白的表达情况,并利用MTT法和平板克隆形成实验初步探讨该基因对乳腺癌细胞体外增殖能力的影响,流式细胞术检测细胞生长周期的变化。结果:稳定转染KAI1基因的细胞株中有外源性目的基因和相应蛋白的高表达;MTT法示细胞增殖力下降,转染KAI1基因的集落形成率(25.33 2.36)％较转染前(43．17 2．75)％明显降低(P<0．05),流式细胞术显示转染KAI1基因后G1／G0期细胞数量由未转染前的(36．78 0．61)％升高至(64 7．56)％,M／G2期细胞数量则由(17．88 0．76)％降至(7．63 0．60)％,差异有显著性。结论:通过脂质体转染法获得了高表达KAI1基因及其蛋白的人乳腺癌细胞株,并发现该细胞株的体外增殖能力明显下降,这可能是KAI1基因通过调节细胞周期来实现的。     

7型腺病毒E1A基因克隆及真核表达

为了研究7型腺病毒(Ad7)E1A在感染中的致病机制,分离了Ad7d2病毒株,构建了Ad7 E1A基因的真核表达体系.用A549细胞分离培养痰液标本中的腺病毒,应用重叠延伸PCR扩增Ad7 E1A基因外显子,产物克隆至真核表达载体pIRES-Neo,构建重组子pIRES-Neo-Ad7E1A并转染A549细胞,利用Western印迹对其表达产物进行鉴定.克隆测序显示扩增的Ad7 E1A基因外显子包含了完整的编码区基因,pIRES-Neo-Ad7E1A转染A549细胞的表达产物经Western印迹鉴定与设计相符.成功建立了Ad7 E1A 基因的真核表达体系.     

丙型肝炎病毒E1蛋白活化MAPK／ERK信号通路促进肝癌细胞增殖

目的研究丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitisCvirus,HCV）编码蛋白E1的生物学功能。方法分别构建编码HCV重要蛋白E1、E2、NS3、NS5a、NS5b的腺病毒载体Ad—E1、Ad—E2、Ad—NS3、Ad—NS5a、Ad—NS5b;将重组并包装的腺病毒分别感染SMMC-7721细胞,测定感染滴度,通过RT—PCR方法在转录水平鉴定HCVE1、E2、NS3、NS5a、NSSb的表达,用Western印迹在蛋白水平鉴定E1蛋白的表达。腺病毒感染SMMC-7721细胞后,通过细胞增殖实验筛选生物学功能最明显的蛋白。将筛选到的Ad—E1感染SMMC-7721细胞,用MTS、结晶紫、细胞周期实验观察体外过表达E1蛋白对感染细胞增殖的影响;Western印迹检测p-ERK、ERK的表达;RT—PCR检测c—Myc、cyclinD1、c—Jun、c．Fos基因的表达。结果成功扩增了能够编码HCV重要蛋白E1、E2、NS3、NS5a、NS5b的高滴度腺病毒Ad—E1、Ad—E2、Ad—NS3、Ad—NS5a、Ad—NS5b,并且通过RT—PCR方法在转录水平鉴定了目的基因的表达,Western印迹方法在蛋白水平鉴定了E1蚩白的表达。通过细胞计数、MTS、结晶紫实验证实Ad—E1感染组细胞较对照组增殖速度加快,细胞周期显示Ad-E1感染组细胞34．38％处于S期,明显高于Ad—GFP（27．32％）（P〈0．05）对照组;Ad-E1感染绢p-ERK蛋白表达量增高,同时与细胞增殖相关的MAPK／ERK下游基因转录水平上凋。结论体外过表达HCVE1蛋白可以明显促进SMMC-7721细胞的增殖,其促增殖作用可能与MAPK／ERK信号通路的活化相关。     

双靶向溶瘤腺病毒MD55对肿瘤细胞与正常细胞的杀伤作用比较

应用分子克隆和同源重组技术构建双靶向溶瘤腺病毒MD55.分析MD55病毒在细胞中的复制能力,并用MTT和结晶紫方法检测MD55对肿瘤细胞和正常细胞生长的影响,West-ern印迹检测病毒感染后细胞中E1A蛋白和多聚ADP核糖聚合酶(PARP)片断的表达.结果显示,MD55能在MN/CA9阳性的肿瘤细胞SW620和OSRC-2中特异性表达E1A蛋白.并且在这些细胞中的复制能力和对这些细胞的杀伤性与对照病毒ZD55基本相同,而其在正常细胞中的复制能力很弱,对正常细胞的伤害很小;同时MD55可诱导肿瘤细胞SW620和OSRC-2的凋亡,而对正常细胞的凋亡无影响.实验结果表明双靶向溶瘤腺病毒MD55靶向性和安全性比单靶向病毒ZD55更高,有望成为一种很好的肿瘤靶向基因一病毒治疗载体.     

一种新的重组腺病毒的构建及其对人肿瘤细胞的影响

腺病毒E1A基因诱导细胞凋亡．E1B19K基因及E1B55K基因抑制细胞凋亡,前者被克隆到腺病毒转移载体pCA13的HCMVIE启动子下游．构建成转移载体pCAE1A。采用lipofectin法将PCAE1A和含腺病毒基因组（E1、E3区缺失）的质粒pBHG11共转染293细胞,7～10d后得到重组病毒v5Ad4。用v5Ad4感染人肺腺癌细胞系A549,结果表明v5Ad4有明显杀伤和裂解肿瘤细胞功能。在人胚肺正常二倍体细胞中,v5Ad4没有表现出可见的细胞毒效应。     

腺病毒载体介导的HPV16E7基因沉默及其对宫颈癌CaSki细胞的影响

目的:构建利用RNA干扰技术沉默HPV16E7基因的腺病毒载体,并探讨其对人宫颈癌细胞系CaSki细胞增殖的影响,以及腺病毒载体在宫颈癌基因治疗中的可行性。方法:利用腺病毒载体介导的RNA干扰对CaSki细胞中HPV16E7蛋白的表达进行抑制。显微镜观察细胞病变情况。MTT实验用来检测腺病毒载体感染的CaSki细胞的增殖情况。结果:成功构建了用以介导CaSki细胞中HPV16E7基因沉默的腺病毒载体。腺病毒感染后的CaSki细胞发生典型病理变化,HPV16E7基因表达受到明显抑制,细胞分裂明显减慢。结论:腺病毒载体介导的RNA干扰能够特异性的沉默HPV16E7基因,抑制CaSki细胞的增殖,为腺病毒载体用于宫颈癌基因治疗的可行性提供了依据。     

一种新的重组腺病毒的构建及其对人肿瘤细胞的影响

腺病毒E1A基因诱导细胞凋亡,E1B19K基因及E1B55K基因抑制细胞凋亡,前者被克隆到腺病毒转移载体pCA13的HCMV IE启动子下游,构建成转移载体pCAE1A.采用lipofectin法将pCAE1A和含腺病毒基因组(E1区、E3区缺失)的质粒pBHG11共转染293细胞,7～10 d后得到重组病毒v5Ad4.用v5Ad4感染人肺腺癌细胞系A549,结果表明v5Ad4有明显杀伤和裂解肿瘤细胞功能.在人胚肺正常二倍体细胞中,v5Ad4没有表现出可见的细胞毒效应.     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.