中国蝼蛄菌属的研究

本文报道寄生于我国非洲蝼蛄(Gryllotalpa africana Palisot de Beauvois)上的蝼蛄菌属(Tettigomyces)11个种,其中新种1个:线状蝼蛄菌(T.filiformis Ye);国内新记录种10个:渐尖蝼蛄菌(T.acuminatus Thaxt.),非洲蝼蛄菌(T.africanus Thaxt.),短蝼蛄菌(T.brevis Thaxt.),毛生蝼蛄菌(T.chaetophilus Thaxt.),混淆蝼蛄菌(T.co-nfusus Thaxt.),蝼蛄菌(T.gryllotalpae Thaxt.),印度蝼蛄菌(T.indicus Thaxt.),间型蝼蛄菌(T.intermedius Thaxt.),翅生蝼蛄菌(T.pterophilus Thaxt.),普通蝼蛄菌(T.vulgaris Thaxt.)。本文所研究的全部标本都保存于广东省微生物研究所。     

蝼蛄的声学通讯

通过对蝼蛄声学通讯的研究,揭示了蝼蛄鸣叫时发出的志信号对其种群所引起的行为反应,和蝼蛄声学通讯的特点,观察了发声器的结构与听器的作用。同时,记述了观察分析昆虫声信号的一般方法。声引诱的实验证明,不同参量的鸣声信号对蝼蛄的引诱作用不同。     

我国三种蝼蛄的雄性生殖器鉴别

本文记述 3种蝼蛄 (单刺蝼蛄GryllotalpaunispinaSaussure,东方蝼蛄G .orientalisBurmeister及河南蝼蛄G .henanaCaietNiu)的雄生殖器     

中国蝼蛄属研究及一新种记述(直翅目,蝼蛄科)

给出了中国蝼蛄属的检索表,并描述了该属1新种G.mabiana sp.nov..新种与尼泊尔种类 G.pygmaea相似,但可以通过如下特征加以区分:径脉末端不分岔,翅室呈三角形,阳茎基片横向骨片的侧端尖锐;此新种还与河南蝼蛄G.henana相似,区别为:新种前翅超过第5节背板,后翅到达第4节背板后缘,而河南蝼蛄G.henana前后翅均未伸达腹部第4节背板后缘;新种前胸背板无心纹斑,河南蝼蛄G.henana有;新种阳茎侧突囊弯钩状,后者为弯月形.     

早稻围膜犁耙本田人工捕杀蝼蛄

蝼蛄是典型的地下害虫。在我国发生的有华北蝼蛄Gryllotalapunispina、东方蝼蛄G.orientalis、台湾蝼蛄G.formosana。近年报道还有金秀蝼蛄G.jinxiuensis和河南蝼蛄G.henana[1]。在广西发生的为东方蝼蛄,主要危害水稻,其次是麦、棉、烟等作物,还可取食杂草为主。蝼蛄咬食萌发的     

云南草坪中东方蝼蛄的空间分布型

在云南省思茅市体育场,通过实地调查和统计分析后发现东方蝼蛄Gryllotalpa burmeister Burmeister是草坪的重要害虫之一,主要危害草坪草和种子。应用多个聚集度指标和Iwao回归分析法对东方蝼蛄的分布格局进行研究,结果表明,东方蝼蛄在土壤中呈聚集分布,分布的基本单位是个体群。     

我国的“非洲蝼蛄”应为“东方蝼蛄”

<正> 最早报道我国有非洲蝼蛄Gryllotalpa af-ricana Palisot的是原苏联昆虫学家Bey-Bien-ko,他研究了采自我国东北及兴安岭地区的蝼蛄标本,鉴定为非洲蝼蛄G.africana Pali-sot。我国学者徐荫祺(Hsu Yin-chi)也报道了我国北平和江苏等地有非洲蝼蛄的分     

非洲蝼蛄消化道组织结构的观察

本文采用组织学技术对非洲蝼蛄消化道的组织结构进行了初步研究,其消化道具有特殊的组织结构,此项研究为进一步防治病虫害提供了依据。     

有关华北蝼蛄形态问题的讨论

区别华北蝼蛄Gryllotalpa unispina Saussure及非洲蝼蛄G.africana Palisot de Beauvois的形态,一向是根据体形大小及其后足胫节上缘内侧所生刺之数目。国内及日本多数参考资料上都是记载华北蝼蛄生有刺2个,非洲蝼蛄有刺4个,问题就发生在这里。 在农业昆虫实验中,比较此两种蝼蛄的形态时,同学们经常会提出下面的一个问题:非洲蝼蛄后胫节上缘内侧生有4个刺很明显,但华北蝼蛄生有刺2个则     

西藏发现蝼蛄

<正> 1985年5月7—12日,笔者对易贡茶场近年来直插茶园大面积死苗原因进行了初步调查,发现造成上述原因之一是蝼蛄所致。经查资料,蝼姑在西藏属首次发现。蝼蛄在易贡主要为害一年生茶苗,二年生茶苗次之,多年生茶园也有分布。蔬菜、青稞、小麦、大豆也见受害,但一般较轻。据在一年生茶园抽样调查(海拔2,160—2,270米),每平方米有蝼蛄平均11头,最高达24头,且沙土地多于粘土地。蝼蛄的成虫和若虫咬食茶苗和嫩茎,重者咬断,轻者咬成     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.