宇佐美曲霉L336酸性蛋白酶的动力学性质

L336酸性蛋白酶的分子量为54000,等电点为3．8±0．2。在pH2．5,40℃条件下,酶对酪蛋白、牛血清白蛋白和牛血红蛋白的Km值分别为0．263g／L、0．278g／L和0．415g／L,Vmax分别为2075、1550和2793μgTyr／min、mL,酪蛋白为最适底物。在pH2．0～5．0、40℃以下时酶的稳定性最好。此外,还研究了金属离子对酶活性的影响。     

宇佐美曲霉L336酸性蛋白酶的动力学性质*

L336酸性蛋白酶的分子量为54000,等电点为3．8±0．2。在pH2．5,40℃条件下,酶对酪蛋白、牛血清白蛋白和牛血红蛋白的Km值分别为0．263g／L、0．278g／L和0．415g／L,Vmax分别为2075、1550和2793μgTyr／min、mL,酪蛋白为最适底物。在pH2．0～5．0、40℃以下时酶的稳定性最好。此外,还研究了金属离子对酶活性的影响。     

海枣曲霉β-木糖苷酶的提纯和性质

从海枣曲霉(Aspergillus phoenicis)麦麸培养物抽提液中。通过聚乙二醇6000-磷酸钾缓冲液双水相分离．相继用SephadexG-100凝胶过滤、DEAE—Sephadex A-50离子交换柱层析、羟基磷灰石吸附层析、DEAE-Sephadex A-50离子交换层析、SE—Sephadex C-50离子交换层析以及Sephadex G-50柱层析等提纯步骤,提纯到凝胶电泳均一的β-木糖苷酶。该酶的最适pH为3．5,最适温度为65 C．在pH3．5—6．5之间稳定,酶保温30分钟时的半失活温度(t1-2)为68C。酶的分子量勾95 000,等电点为4．4。Hg2-和Ag+对该酶有强烈的抑制作用。在所测定的底物中．Β-术糖苷酶仅对β-木精苷(pNP-β-Xyl)有强水解作用。其Km值为0．63mmol／L．Vmax为410 umol·min 1．Mg-1。D-木糖为β-木糖苷酶的竞争性抑制剂,其K．值为7．5mmol／L。     

荔枝果皮过氧化物酶的纯化及部分酶学性质研究

经硫酸铵分级盐析、DEAE-Sepharose和Sephadex G-75柱层析分离,从荔枝果皮中分离提纯了过氧化物酶(POD),该酶被纯化了12．5倍,产率为1．9％。经SDS-PAGE确定为单一条带。该酶最适反应温度为35℃,对热具有较强的稳定性,经75℃处理30min,酶活性只损失50％。最适pH约为6．5,但在pH4．0—8．0范围内活力仍比较稳定。该酶在25℃和0．05mol／L磷酸缓冲液(pH7．0)条件下对愈创木酚、邻苯二酚和没食子酸的Km分别是2．75、12．4和12．8mmol／L。二硫苏糖醇和抗坏血酸能完全抑制POD活性,L-半胱氨酸、柠檬酸、FeS04、GSH、SDS和ZnS04对POD活性有一定的抑制作用,而FeCl,和CuSOt对POD则有较好的激活作用。     

短小芽孢杆菌碱性蛋白酶的提纯和性质的研究

由短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)209产生的胞外碱性蛋白酶的粗酶制剂(5×10 4u／g),经硼砂NaOH缓冲液抽提,硫酸铵沉淀,Sephadex G一25脱盐,DEAE-纤维素柱层析,冷冻干燥获得部分纯化的酶。纯酶的活力为199x10u/g,比活力提高2,6倍。此酶的最适pH8．5—9．0,在pH6一10之间稳定,因此是属于微碱性蛋白酶“’。最适温度为50℃,在50℃以下稳定,在60℃处理10分钟活力损失95％。0.003村c丑件的存在对酶的热稳定性和pH稳定性均有显著提高。Ag+,Cu2+,Fe2+,Hg+,Zn2+ 对酶有抑制作用;Mn2+有明显的激活作用;1×10-3M的PCMB,IAA,O-PTH,PMSF对活力无影响;1×10-3M EDTA对酶有30％的抑制作用;在40℃用NBS(1×10-4M)、DFP(2．5mM)对醢进行10分钟处理,酶活力完全损失。此酶能水解多种天然蛋白,如酪蛋白、血红蛋白、蛇毒蛋白等,不水解鱼精蛋白和溶菌酶。以酪蛋白为底物测得的km值为0．66×10-2g／ml。在pH7．3进行圆盘凝胶电泳,虽然呈现九条带,但均具有大小不等的蛋白酶活力。     

分枝犁头霉a-半乳糖苷酶的纯化和性质

分枝犁头霉菌丝体球经金刚砂磨碎用水提取的粗酶液,用两种方法纯化,一是用制备垂直平板凝胶电泳;另一是经硫酸铵分级沉淀、Sephadex G-200、DEAE-Sephadcx A50及羟基磷灰石等柱层析。这两种方法纯化后的样品经PACE鉴定皆为均一带,无其他糖苷酶活性。酶反应最适温室为55—60℃,在50℃保温7h,剩余活力为50％,70℃保温10min,则全部失活。最适pH为5．0,pH6．0一8．5稳定。     

一步法发酵菊芋产乙醇菌种的筛选及产酶条件、酶学性质的研究

从腐烂的菊芋及实验室保存的菌种中,选育到一株发酵菊芋产乙醇的菌株克鲁维酵母Kluyveromyces marxianus Y1。利用正交实验法对克鲁维酵母产菊粉酶的培养基组成及培养条件进行优化,确定培养基组成（g/L）为：菊粉40,酵母粉4,蛋白胨4,尿素1;初始pH5．0,温度30℃,150r／min条件下培养达到最佳产酶效果（57U／mL）。该菌株所产菊粉酶的性质测定结果表明：以菊粉为底物,该菊粉酶最适反应温度为55℃,在60℃以下稳定性很好,高于60℃时酶迅速失活;最适pH为5．0,pH4．6—5．2范围内酶稳定性很好;该酶属于外切型菊粉酶,体积分数为8％的乙醇对酶活力基本没有影响。     

产气气杆菌茁霉多糖酶的研究I．酶的提纯和性质

产气气杆菌(Aerobacter aerogenes) 10016的茁霉多糖酶(pullulanase E．C．3．2．1．41)用Sephadex G100凝胶过滤、聚丙烯酰胺垂直板型凝胶电泳进行纯化,得到了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳均一的纯酶。纯酶作用的最适温度为50℃,最适pH为5．3—5．8,耐热性较差,50℃ 4小时后仅存活力10％。纯酶在pH4．3一8．6稳定。酶作用于糯米淀粉的米氏常数Km为2.0×10-2克／毫升。用聚丙烯酰胺薄屡凝胶等电聚焦测定酶的等电点pI为3．8,用SDS凝胶电泳测定酶的分子量为51,000—52,000;此酶是一种糖蛋白;含糖总量为6．5—7．0％;纯酶能专一性的水解茁霉多糖、糯米淀粉,也能分解糊精,而不作用于糖原、纤维二糖以及环状糊精。     

谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)的固定化及酶学特性研究

对谷胱甘肽硫转移酶的固定化、游离酶和固定化酶的酶学特性进行了研究,通过试验,确定谷胱甘肽硫转移酶的最佳固定化条件为先用2％壳聚糖吸附酶,然后再加戊二醛交联,交联用戊二醛浓度为1．2％,交联时间6h;游离酶的最适温度为45—55℃,最适pH值为6．5-7．0：固定化酶的最适温度为45-50℃,最适pH值为7．0;游离酶和固定化酶的最适酶促反应时间为30min。     

米曲霉LY-128广谱有机磷农药水解酶的纯化和鉴定

米曲霉LY-128的培养物经硫酸铵分级沉淀,Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤,DEAE-Sephrose CL-6B和Sephadex G-100层析手段,获得了电泳纯的广谱有机磷农药水解酶。通过SDS-PAGE和IEF电泳测得其分子量为62kDa,等电点为pH5．2。该酶的最适反应温度为45℃,最适pH6．8,在50℃以下及pH6．0～9．5范围内活性稳定。Hg^2 、Fe^3 、对氯高汞苯甲酸、碘乙酸和N-乙基马来酰亚胺对该酶有强烈的抑制作用,而Cu^2 、巯基乙醇、二硫苏糖醇、二硫赤藓糖醇、谷光甘肽和去污剂对酶有不同程度的激活作用。底物的专一性实验表明,该酶不仅可以作用于含P-O键的有机磷农药;而且也能水解含P-S键的有机磷农药。以甲基对硫磷和内吸磷为底物的Km值分别为52μmol、236μmol;Vmax分别为317μmol min^-1mg^-1、179μmol min^-1mg^-1;Kcat分别为1152s^-1、650s^-1。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.