芦丁对胃蛋白酶部分性质的影响

采用紫外光谱和荧光光谱研究芦丁与胃蛋白酶的相互作用。实验结果表明,加入芦丁使胃蛋白酶的紫外吸收差谱迅速增强,特征荧光峰产生静态淬灭,并求得芦丁与胃蛋白酶作用的形成常数。     

小檗碱与胰蛋白酶的相互作用

小檗碱对胰蛋白酶有抑制作用.应用紫外光谱和荧光光谱进一步研究发现小檗碱使胰蛋白酶的紫外吸收光谱发生改变,特征荧光峰产生静态淬灭.据Forster非辐射能量转移理论,在20和37℃时,测定了小檗碱-胰蛋白酶间的结合常数和结合位点数,确定了作用力主要为疏水作用力.     

粪臭素对胰蛋白酶部分性质的影响

研究发现粪臭素对胰蛋白酶活性具有抑制作用。采用紫吸收法察到粪臭素使胰蛋白酶紫外吸收峰增强,采用荧光光谱法发现粪臭素对胰蛋白酶有很强的荧光淬灭作用。根据Stern-Volmer方程测得胰蛋白酶的表观猝灭常数Kq为2.72×1012L/mol.s。表明粪臭素对胰蛋白酶的荧光猝灭很可能是静态猝灭。     

茶碱与胃蛋白酶相互作用的光谱性质研究

采用紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了茶碱与胃蛋白酶的结合作用。观测到茶碱使胃蛋白酶的紫外吸收峰增强,特征荧光峰淬灭。Stern-Volmer淬灭曲线显示,茶碱对胃蛋白酶的荧光淬灭很可能是一个单一的静态淬灭过程。     

粪臭素对胃蛋白酶部分理化性质的影响

采用紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了粪臭素与胃蛋白酶的结合作用。观测到粪臭素使胃蛋白酶的紫外吸收峰增强,特征荧光峰淬灭。Stern-Volmer淬灭曲线显示,粪臭素对胃蛋白酶的荧光淬灭很可能是一个单一的静态淬灭过程。     

芦丁与人血清白蛋白相互作用的紫外可见光谱特性研究

本文通过测定芦丁与HSA相互作用前后的紫外可见吸收光谱、圆二色性及人血清白蛋白(HSA)的荧光特性,研究了芦丁与HSA结合作用。结果表明,芦丁在紫外区有三个特征的吸收峰(264.0、285.5及354.5nm)、在330～300 nm及300～230 nm处显示圆二色性,HSA引起芦丁紫外可见吸收光谱波峰红移;芦丁与HSA相互作用后,不引起HSA二级结构的改变,但对其三级结构有影响,同时对HSA荧光激发及发生光谱最大峰位及幅度有影响。     

甲醇对胰蛋白酶催化活性影响的机理研究

为了探索甲醇影响胰蛋白酶催化活性的作用机理,将胰蛋白酶纯化到电泳纯的水平,用纯酶进行了催化动力学研究;测定了酶分子的紫外吸收光谱、紫外差示光谱和荧光发射光谱的变化.试验结果表明:胰蛋白酶经7%甲醇处理时,其比活力比对照提高了17.97%.经甲醇处理后的胰蛋白酶,其动力学参数Km值及Vmax值均得到提高,且Vmax提高幅度比较大.甲醇处理后,酶的紫外吸收光谱基本没有变化,其差示光谱出现明显的正峰和负峰,而其荧光发射光谱也基本不变,只是荧光强度有所增加.实验结果证明,在7%甲醇存在下,胰蛋白酶分子构型不变,酶活性的变化是甲醇引起酶分子构象改变的结果.     

咖啡因对胰β-淀粉酶部分理化性质的影响

运用紫外光谱和荧光光谱技术研究咖啡因与胰α-淀粉酶的结合。反应类型为非竞争性抑制。Ki值为0.47×10-2mol/L。根据Stern-Volmer方程,计算了咖啡因对胰α-淀粉酶的表观淬灭常数,推测其荧光影响可能属于静态淬灭机制。     

可可碱对胰α-淀粉酶的抑制类型及光谱性质的影响

运用紫外光谱和荧光光谱技术研究可可碱与胰α-淀粉酶的结合.反应类型为非竞争性抑制.Ki值为0.72×10-2 mol/L.根据Stern-Volmer方程,计算了可可碱对胰α-淀粉酶的表观淬灭常数,推测其荧光影响可能属于静态淬灭机制.     

硫酸粘菌素对碱性磷酸酶部分性质的影响

硫酸粘菌素对碱性磷酸酶有抑制作用,用Dixon作图求出抑制常数为Ki=4.88×10-6mol/L,抑制类型为非竞争性抑制.通过紫外吸收光谱,发现硫酸粘菌素引起碱性磷酸酶的空间结构发生改变;由荧光光谱变化,发现硫酸粘菌素对碱性磷酸酶有荧光淬灭作用,淬灭机理是因能量转移而引起的静态淬灭.     

CHAPS对M_(412)的动力学和共振拉曼光谱的影响

研究了表面活性剂CHAPS对紫膜中菌紫质在光循环过程中M_(412)的衰减速率及质子泵功能的影响.光循环中间体M_(412)快、慢衰减组分的衰减速率及质子衰减速率均受到CHAPS的影响,综合激光拉曼光谱对M_(412)和其它光循环中间体相对含量的测定,表明CHAPS对紫膜的影响是通过影响其膜脂完整的液晶结构,而使紫膜光循环动力学过程及质子泵功能发生变化的.     

Excitation Energy Transfer in Cyanobacteria Synechocystis Embedded in Polymer Film and Partially Bleached by Polarized Irradiation

The polarized absorption, photoacoustic, fluorescence emission, and fluorescence excitation spectra of whole cells of cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. embedded in a polymer film were measured. The bacteria cells, as it follows from anisotropy of absorption and fluorescence spectra, were even in a non-stretched polyvinyl alcohol film oriented to a certain extent. The measurements were done for such film in order to avoid the deformation of cyanobacteria shapes. Part of the samples was bleached by irradiation with strong polarized radiation with electric vector parallel to the orientation axis of cells. The anisotropy of photoacoustic spectra was higher than that of absorption spectra and it was stronger changed by the irradiation. Polarized fluorescence was excited in four wavelength regions characterised by different contribution to absorption from various bacteria pigments. The shapes of emission spectra were different depending on wavelength of excitation, polarization of radiation, and previous irradiation of the sample. The fluorescence spectra were analysed on Gaussian components belonging to various forms of pigments from photosystems (PS) 1 and 2. The results inform about excitation energy transfer between pools of pigments, differently oriented in the cells. Energy of photons absorbed by phycobilisomes was transferred predominantly to the chlorophyll of PS2, whereas photons absorbed by carotenoids to chlorophylls of PS1.     

用光谱技术鉴定植物色素突变体

1983年我国报道了从γ-射线处理的“矮杆齐”大麦中得到了一株黄绿色的突变体1832C[1]。本文用光谱技术对该突变体的光合色素成分进行了鉴定。1　材料和方法　　材料为六棱裸大麦“矮杆齐”和由该品种大麦诱变形成的黄绿色突变体1832C(Mb1832C),以及作为对照的缺失Chlb的突变体大麦Chlorina-f2[2]都于3月初播种于实验田中。　　每个样品取30g新鲜的叶片,先用自来水后用蒸馏水冲洗干净。把洗净的叶片摊放在干净的纱布上吸干表面水分,剪碎,加入100mL预冷的含有0.4mol/L山梨醇、0.1mol/LTris-HCl(pH7.6)的缓冲液,用组织捣碎机先慢速捣碎1…     

Identification Mutants of Plant Pigment with Spectral Technology

Differences in the pigment and thylakoid membranes levels among the mutant barley 1832C, Chlorina-f2 was compared with a normal one by means of their absorption spectra and the 4th derivative spectra. Results showed that there was no absorption peaks for Chl b at 651 nm in red and 470 nm in blue regions in the absorption and the 4th derivative spectra in the mutant thylakoid membranes. At the same time there was no absorption peaks of Chl b at 645 nm and 455 nm in the absorption and the 4th derivative spectra in its acetone (80%) extract. Therefore, mutant barley 1832C was proved to be a new type of chlorophyll b-less mutant that could survive independently in nature.     

Spectroscopic characterisation of copper acetohydroxamate and copper n-octanohydroxamate

The nature of the bonding in acetohydroxamic acid, copper acetohydroxamate and copper n-octanohydroxamate has been investigated by chemical analysis, XPS, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Vibrational spectra show the acid to be in the keto Z conformation as was previously established for the n-octano homologue. Chemical analysis established that the copper compounds have a copper:hydroxamate stoichiometry of 1:1. XPS confirms that they are Cu^II compounds. The absence of vibrational spectral bands that were previously identified with N-H vibrations for n-octanohydroxamic acid and its potassium compound, together with the presence of a CN stretch band that shifts when the nitrogen is labelled with ¹⁵N, confirms that the hydroxamate moieties in the Cu^II compounds are in the enol configuration. Some interaction between Cu and N is indicated by the spectra and could explain the 1:1 stoichiometry of the Cu^II hydroxamates investigated.     

荧光光谱法临床药物代谢水平的分析

采用药物的水溶液来模拟尿液中的药物,通过荧光光谱法进行药物的痕量分析,探讨药物代谢水平的研究。阐述了荧光猝灭剂、敏化剂、浓度效应对痕量分析的干扰,描述了荧光光谱法药物痕量分析的规程。实验结果给了镇痛剂、索密痛、扑热息痛、氨酚待因片,抗生素、痢特灵、黄连素、硫酸庆大霉素,强的松的荧光光谱和激发光谱;痕量检测限分别量检测灵敏度远远高于化学分析方法。     

糖化酶一个主要组分的纯化和有关光谱的测定

采用糖化酶粗酶制剂,经抽提、硫铵分级和ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素层析等程序纯化了糖化酶一个主要组分,并经电泳鉴定被纯化至均一状态,分子量为８９０００。于不同条件下,测定了该组分的圆二色性谱和荧光发射谱,取得了关于该组分构象的一些重要结果。