Ezrin在化疗敏感性不同大B细胞淋巴瘤中表达的实验研究

目的：比较化疗敏感性不同弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤的蛋白质表达差异,寻找可反映大B细胞淋巴瘤化疗敏感性的标志物。方法：通过肿瘤药物敏感试验选取化疗高敏感性和低敏感性大B细胞淋巴瘤组织,进行蛋白质组学比较研究后得出差异表达蛋白;对在高敏感组中高表达的埃兹蛋白（Ezrin）进一步行免疫印迹验证,应用免疫组化技术检测在临床病例中的表达情况。结果：建立了化疗高敏感和低敏感大B细胞淋巴瘤差异表达蛋白质凝胶2D图谱,鉴定了28种差异表达蛋白,发现Ezrin蛋白在化疗高敏感组表达高于低敏感组,免疫印迹和免疫组化结果也进一步证实了Ezrin的这一表达状态。结论：Ezrin蛋白表达在化疗敏感性不同大B细胞淋巴瘤中存在差别,可能作为预测淋巴瘤化疗敏感性的候选标志物。     

初探Septin 9作为大B细胞淋巴瘤化疗敏感性相关标志物

目的：初步探讨Septin 9作为大B细胞淋巴瘤化疗敏感性相关标志物的实验依据。方法：通过肿瘤药物敏感试验选取化疗高敏感性和低敏感性大B细胞淋巴瘤组织,进行蛋白质组学比较研究后得出差异表达蛋白;对在低敏感组中高表达的Septin 9进一步行Western Blot验证,应用免疫组化技术检测Septin 9在临床病例中的表达情况。结果：化疗高敏感性和低敏感性大B细胞淋巴瘤组织蛋白质组学比较研究显示Septin 9蛋白在高敏感组表达低于低敏感组,免疫印迹和免疫组化结果与蛋白质组结果是一致的。结论：Septin 9蛋白表达在化疗敏感性不同大B细胞淋巴瘤中存在差别,存在化疗敏感性越高Septin 9表达越低的趋势,可能作为预测淋巴瘤化疗敏感性的候选标志物。     

弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤hs-CRP和VEGF的表达及与化疗耐药的相关性

目的:研究弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达及与化疗耐药的相关性。方法:选取2013年11月到2014年11月我院收治的化疗耐药弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤25例(A组),化疗敏感弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤25例(B组),另选取同期健康者25例(C组)。应用免疫荧光法检测三组入选者的hs-CRP,及酶联免疫吸附法试验(ELISA)法检测VEGF。结果:化疗前A组hs-CRP、VEGF水平显著高于B组和C组,B组高于C组,比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);化疗缓解后A组和B组hs-CRP、VEGF水平与化疗前比显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);A组复发耐药后hs-CRP、VEGF水平与缓解后比显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤血清中hs-CRP、VEGF水平改变与病情变化有关,可能与化疗耐药有关。     

应用蛋白质组学方法初步筛选与鼻咽癌放射敏感相关的蛋白

目的:通过筛选放射敏感性不同的鼻咽癌细胞中差异表达蛋白,以发现与鼻咽癌放射敏感相关的蛋白。方法:放射处理并结合流式细胞术检测及比较5-8F和6-10B细胞的放射敏感性。提取细胞总蛋白,进行双向凝胶电泳、MALDI-TOF肽质指纹图分析、质谱数据的蛋白质库搜寻鉴定。应用Western Blot检测细胞中蛋白质表达。应用免疫组织化学方法检测鼻咽癌组织中相关蛋白的表达。结果:双向凝胶电泳后对胶上的部分分辨较好的差异蛋白质点进行肽质谱指纹图分析和鉴定,在两种细胞中差异表达最为显著的蛋白质有9个。Western Blot证实CK19和P73在5-8F和6-10B表达与蛋白质组结果一致。P73在鼻咽癌放射敏感组和不敏感组中的表达阳性率分别为90%、57.5%,存在显著性差异。结论:放射敏感性不同的鼻咽癌细胞中存在一些差异表达蛋白,这些蛋白可能与鼻咽癌放射敏感性有关,其中P73可能成为放射敏感性预测的侯选标志物。     

强直性脊柱炎差异表达基因的生物信息学分析

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者差异表达基因,并基于差异基因探讨强直性脊柱炎发病相关的可能生物学过程和信号通路。方法检索基因表达谱数据库(GEO)并筛选AS相关基因表达谱数据集。应用GEO在线分析功能GEO2R分析AS组和正常对照组的差异表达基因,用Cytoscape软件clueGO插件进行基因本体论和京都基因与基因组百科全书分析,采用String蛋白-蛋白相互作用(PPI)数据库分析差异表达基因编码蛋白间的相互作用;应用Cytoscape绘制蛋白相互作用网络图,并软件筛选信号通路关键基因分析。结果选取AS患者全血表达数据集GSE25101为研究对象,分析获得差异表达基因72个。72个差异表达基因分子功能主要为参与高迁移率族盒染色体蛋白1(HMGB1)转导机制;生物学过程主要富集于巨噬细胞迁移、骨髓细胞凋亡过程、线粒体呼吸链复合体装配、ATP合成偶联电子传输、线粒体ATP合成耦合电子输运等;细胞成分主要富集于呼吸链复合体、线粒体呼吸体等。信号通路富集于氧化磷酸化信号通路和帕金森综合征相关信号通路。PPI网络经过cytohubba插件筛选,ATP5J、NDUFS4、UQCRB、UQCRH、NDUFB3、COX7B、LSM3、ATP5EP2、ENY2、PSMA4被筛选为网络中的核心基因。结论通过生物信息学方法进行预测了AS的潜在机制,并筛选出10个潜在的与AS相关的重要分子,其中氧化磷酸化可能在AS发病机制中发挥了重要的作用。     

B19病毒11 kDa蛋白对Hela细胞内NF-κB信号通路的影响

11 kDa蛋白作为B19病毒的一个非结构蛋白,可能在病毒复制周期中发挥重要作用。为了研究11 kDa蛋白对细胞内NF-κB信号通路的影响,首先通过原核表达纯化获得GST-11 kDa融合蛋白,并制备免疫血清,利用免疫血清验证了11 kDa蛋白在Hela细胞呈胞浆定位。荧光素酶检测系统发现11 kDa蛋白能上调细胞内NF-κB转录活性,Western blotting进一步表明11 kDa蛋白能够引起细胞内IκB-α的降解。同时,11 kDa蛋白还能够上调细胞内炎性因子IL6启动子的活性,而该反应主要依赖于NF-κB通路。结果表明,11 kDa蛋白通过参与细胞内信号途径激活相关炎性因子的表达。     

B19病毒11 kDa蛋白对Hela细胞内NF-KB信号通路的影响

11kDa蛋白作为B19病毒的一个非结构蛋白,可能在病毒复制周期中发挥重要作用.为了研究11 kDa蛋白对细胞内NF-κB信号通路的影响,首先通过原核表达纯化获得GST-11kDa融合蛋白,并制备免疫血清,利用免疫血清验证了11 kDa蛋白在Hela细胞呈胞浆定位.荧光素酶检测系统发现11 kDa蛋白能上调细胞内NF-κB转录活性,Western blotting进一步表明11 kDa蛋白能够引起细胞内IκB-α的降解.同时,11 kDa蛋白还能够上调细胞内炎性因子IL6启动子的活性,而该反应主要依赖于NF-κB通路.结果表明,11 kDa蛋白通过参与细胞内信号途径激活相关炎性因子的表达.     

线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白(MAVS)在宿主天然免疫信号通路中的调节作用

线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白(MAVS)作为一种接头蛋白在调节宿主天然免疫信号通路过程中扮演重要角色．Toll样受体(TLR)和RIG-Ⅰ样受体(RLR)等细胞模式识别受体识别入侵的病原体并将信号传递给MAVS,MAVS通过刺激下游的TBK1复合体和IKK复合体分别活化NF-κB和IRF3等信号通路,进而激活干扰素α／β表达,诱发细胞内抗感染天然免疫反应．MAVS除定位线粒体外,也可定位于过氧化物酶体上．MAVS在细胞内的不同定位决定了其在早期快速和持续性抗病毒天然免疫中的不同调节机制．MAVS只有同时定位在过氧化物酶体和线粒体上才可诱导干扰素刺激基因(ISG)快速且稳定地表达．本文通过对MAVS的发现、结构、细胞定位及其在天然免疫信号通路中的调控机制等最新进展进行综述,以期揭示MAVS蛋白在细胞内天然免疫信号通路中的重要调节作用,为研究病毒逃逸宿主天然免疫的机制和研究新型抗病毒免疫治疗策略提供新思路．     

REV感染DF-1细胞分泌外体的生物信息学分析

该研究探讨了REV感染DF-1细胞分泌外体携带表达差异的蛋白质和微RNA(micro RNA,mi RNA),及其基因功能和参与的信号通路,为病毒致病机制研究提供了基础。通过蛋白组学和转录组学检测技术,筛选病毒感染组与对照组DF-1细胞分泌外体的差异蛋白质和mi RNA,并利用在线软件数据库对其进行GO功能富集和KEGG信号通路分析。结果筛选到101个差异表达蛋白质,其中56个表达上调,45个表达下调,共参与155条信号通路,参与蛋白质最多的是肿瘤相关通路;并筛选到3个表达上调的mi RNA,其中mi RNA-155、mi RNA-146a-3p编码的靶蛋白(整合蛋白)与差异蛋白质肌动蛋白相关2/3复合体(actinrelated 2/3 complexs,Arp2/3)共同参与肌动蛋白细胞骨架信号通路;差异蛋白质及mi RNA编码靶基因均含有病毒成分,并参与细胞信号转导、免疫、黏附、运动、生物调节等过程。该研究结果表明,REV感染DF-1细胞来源外体表达差异的蛋白质和mi RNA及其参与的生物学过程和信号通路与肿瘤形成密切相关,外体途径可能在REV致瘤机制中具有重要作用。     

应用蛋白质组学和RNAi技术筛选鼻咽癌细胞中p53功能相关蛋白质

为了阐明鼻咽癌中高表达的p53蛋白聚集与失活的机制,高通量地检测与p53功能相关的蛋白质,首先采用RNA干扰(RNAi)技术稳定沉默鼻咽癌细胞系CNE2的p53基因表达,然后用蛋白质组技术研究稳定沉默该基因对鼻咽癌蛋白质表达谱的影响.通过对稳定干扰p53基因后鼻咽癌细胞系CNE2的蛋白质表达谱改变的研究,用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)分析和电喷雾串联质谱(ESI-Q-TOF-MS)验证鉴定了22个差异表达蛋白质.在这些差异表达蛋白质中,有些是已经报道的p53功能相关蛋白质,如热休克蛋白27(HSP27)、异质性胞核核糖核蛋白K(hnRNPK)、14-3-3σ等,其他可能是新的p53功能相关蛋白质,如eIF4B、TPT1、hnRNPH3、SFRS1等.部分差异表达蛋白质如HSP27、14-3-3σ和GRP75经蛋白质印迹分析技术进行了验证,同时pcDNA3.1-FLAG-p53质粒转染CNE2细胞引起了HSP27、14-3-3σ表达下调,GRP75表达上调.在鼻咽癌细胞中鉴定的22个差异表达蛋白质大致可以分为5类,包括信号传导相关蛋白质、分子伴侣、与转录和翻译相关蛋白质、代谢相关蛋白和细胞结构相关蛋白质,涉及到细胞周期的调控、分子基因表达调控、细胞黏附、细胞代谢等众多事件,它们可能作为p53功能相关蛋白质,为阐明鼻咽癌中p53蛋白聚集及失活的机制提供了重要依据和线索.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.