共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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《中国科学:生命科学》2016,(9)
盐生植物菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus)是一种新型经济作物,特殊生境可能会使其内生真菌产生特殊的次生代谢产物,如结构新颖或活性显著的化合物.为研究这种耐盐植物内生真菌的次生代谢产物以及植物宿主和内生真菌之间可能存在的关系,本实验室从耐盐菊芋块茎中分离纯化出10株内生真菌,对这10株内生真菌进行抗卤虫活性筛选,初步筛选出1株抗卤虫活性良好的菌株Mucor sp.ht-7,规模发酵后通过提取分离技术得到7个化合物,用波谱手段鉴定了7个化合物的结构,对这株内生真菌和宿主次生代谢产物之间的关系进行分析探讨,并对化合物生物活性加以分析. 相似文献
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从一株特殊生境荒漠药用植物沙蓬的内生真菌Rhinocladiella similis中分离得到4个苯甲酸大环内酯化合物,包括2个新化合物rhinoclactones E(2)和F(1)、2个已知化合物8,9-dihyrogreensporone D(3)和8,9-dihydrogreensporone A(4)。基于高分辨质谱与核磁共振谱数据以及相关文献比对,确定了新化合物与已知化合物的结构。化合物1和2是一对立体异构体,在大环内酯环中并有一个呋喃环,这种环系统在自然界比较稀少。化合物1-4对3株肿瘤细胞株和植物病原真菌没有抑制活性。本结果进一步丰富了该真菌的化学成分研究,暗示特殊生境荒漠植物内生真菌具有产生结构新颖的次级代谢产物的潜力,是发现新活性天然产物的一个新的重要宝库;此外,根据化合物的结构特征与生物活性结果,本文还探讨了这些化合物潜在的生态学功能。 相似文献
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《天然产物研究与开发》2020,(8)
植物内生真菌是寄居植物组织内,与植物共生的真菌种类。植物内生真菌的次生代谢产物具有结构和生物活性多样性的特点,因而可为医药及农药创制提供先导结构,具有巨大的研究和开发价值。本文综述了近三年来(2017~2019年)从植物内生真菌中分离出来的具有生物活性的生物碱、聚酮、萜类、甾醇、蒽醌以及其他类化合物,并分别简要概述了其生物活性研究进展,以期为植物内生真菌活性代谢产物的研究与利用提供参考。 相似文献
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我国资源植物化学与天然产物化学基础研究的现状与发展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文从生物活性成分的筛选与分离、植物次生代谢产物生物合成及其分子调控、环境因子对植物次生代谢产物合成和积累的影响、植物体内生菌与植物次生代谢产物的关系等方面介绍了我国资源植物化学与天然产物化学领域基础研究的现状与发展。 相似文献
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为寻找促进药用植物活性代谢产物合成的微生物,该文以黄精为研究对象,利用高通量测序技术和生态功能预测平台,测定根际土真菌、根茎和根内生真菌的ITS序列,分析其真菌多样性和群落组成,并预测根茎内生真菌的生态功能。结果表明:(1)测序得到1 023个可操作分类单元(OTUs),根际、根茎和根真菌OTU数分别为703、128和141,三种部位真菌群落组成差异显著,根际土存在特有的真菌类群,即壶菌门。(2)根际土、根茎及根共有OTU 41个,子囊菌门占共有真菌的58.15%,丰度最大。(3)根茎内生真菌被划分6个生态功能群,包括未定义腐生菌、菌寄生真菌、动物病原菌、植物病原菌、丛枝菌根真菌和地衣共生真菌,37个undefined种类(34.91%)在FUNGuild数据库中没有参考信息。研究认为根茎中优势菌属Setophoma、新赤壳属等内生真菌可能与活性代谢产物密切相关,可为黄精药用功能菌群的发掘提供数据参考。 相似文献
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从荒漠药用植物沙蒿的内生真菌Embellisia chlamydospora中首次分离得到3种酚酸类化合物,分别为barceloneic acid A(1),barceloneic lactone(2),2′-O-methyl-barceloneate(3)。根据其NMR与HR-ESI数据以及相关文献比对,确定了3个化合物的结构。活性试验结果证实化合物2和3显著抑制拟南芥根生长。目前,从E.chlamydospora真菌中仅分离出2种化合物terpestacin和embellistatin。本实验结果丰富了该真菌的化学成分多样性,进一步暗示特殊生境的植物内生真菌是产生结构新颖与活性显著的次级代谢产物的重要宝库。 相似文献
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丛枝菌根(AM)是自然界中分布最为广泛、最为重要的一类菌根,许多研究已经观察到丛枝菌根真菌与植物次生代谢的相关性,丛枝菌根真菌能够直接或间接地影响植物的次生代谢过程。植物的次生代谢产物主要分为萜类物质、酚类物质和含氮化合物(主要是生物碱)三大类群,该文简要介绍了丛枝菌根真菌对这3类植物次生代谢产物的影响。丛枝菌根真菌与萜类物质代谢关系的研究比较细致和深入,有些工作已经从细胞及分子水平探讨其间的作用机制,如Blumenin、类胡萝卜素等。丛枝菌根真菌与酚类物质代谢关系的研究也比较深入,其中具有特殊功能的酚类物质——植保素、细胞壁酚酸、类黄酮/异类黄酮等倍受关注。目前有关丛枝菌根真菌与生物碱关系的研究相对较少,不过现有的研究表明,菌根的形成有助于生物碱积累。 相似文献
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红树林内生真菌研究进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
红树林作为一种特殊的植物群落具有丰富的内生真菌资源,目前已分离鉴定的红树林真菌超过200种,成为海洋真菌的第二大类群,已报道的红树林内生真菌主要类群是链格孢霉(Alternaria)、曲霉(Aspergillus)、芽枝霉(Cladosporium)、炭疽菌(Colletotrichum)、镰孢霉(Fusarium)、拟青霉(Paecilomyces)、拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis)、青霉(Penicillium)、茎点霉(Phoma)、拟茎点霉(Phomopsis)、叶点霉(Phyllosticta)和木霉(Trichoderma)等.大部分红树林内生真菌具有较宽的宿主范围,极少数只有单一的宿主,不同红树林植物的内生真菌区系及优势种群有很大差异.红树林内生真菌的定殖因宿主植物不同部位、植株的年龄及季节和环境的变化明显不同.红树林内生真菌能产生多种代谢产物,具有抗菌、抗肿瘤等药用价值.红树林植物内生真菌的研究和开发具有重要意义.本文综述了红树林内生真菌的生物多样性及其分布、生物学功能和次生代谢产物等方面的研究进展. 相似文献
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T.S. Suryanarayanan N. Thirunavukkarasu M.B. Govindarajulu F. Sasse R. Jansen T.S. Murali 《Fungal Biology Reviews》2009,23(1-2):9-19
Horizontally transmitted fungal endophytes are an ecological group of fungi, mostly belonging to the Ascomycota, that reside in the aerial tissues and roots of plants without inducing any visual symptoms of their presence. These fungi appear to have a capacity to produce an array of secondary metabolites exhibiting a variety of biological activity. Although the ability of fungi to produce unique bioactive metabolites is well known, endophytes have not been exploited, perhaps because we are only beginning to understand their distribution and biology. This review emphasizes the need to routinely include endophytic fungi in the screening of organisms for bioactive metabolites and novel drugs; it also underscores the need to use information obtained concerning fungal secondary metabolite production from other groups of fungi for a targeted screening approach. 相似文献
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Psychrophilic endophytic fungi with biological activity inhabit Cupressaceae plant family 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Psychrophilic microorganisms are cold-adapted organisms that have an optimum growth temperature below 15 °C, and often below 5 °C. Endophytic microorganisms live inside healthy plants and biosynthesize an array of secondary metabolites which confer major ecological benefits to their host. We provide information, for the first time, on an endophytic association between bioactive psychrophilic fungi and trees in Cupressaceae plant family living in temperate to cold, semi-arid habitats. We have recovered psychrophilic endophytic fungi (PEF) from healthy foliar tissues of Cupressus arizonica, Cupressus sempervirens and Thuja orientalis (Cupressaceae, Coniferales). In total, 23 such fungi were found out of 110 endophytic fungal isolates. They were identified as ascomycetous fungi, more specifically Phoma herbarum, Phoma sp. and Dothideomycetes spp., all from Dothideomycetes. The optimal growth temperature for all these 23 fungal isolates was 4 °C, and the PEF isolates were able to biosynthesize secondary metabolite at this temperature. Extracted metabolites from PEF showed significant antiproliferative/cytotoxic, antifungal and antibacterial effects against phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. Of special interest was their antibacterial activity against the ice-nucleation active bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. Accordingly, we suggest that evergreen Cupressaceae plants may benefit from their psychrophilic endophytic fungi during cold stress. Whether such endosymbionts confer any ecological and evolutionary benefits to their host plants remains to be investigated in vivo. 相似文献
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Medicinal plants and their endophytes are important resources for discovery of natural products. Several previous studies
have found a positive correlation between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total phenolic content (TPC) of many medicinal
plant extracts. However, no information is available on whether such a relationship also exists in their endophytic fungal
metabolites. We investigated the relationship between TAC and TPC for 292 morphologically distinct endophytic fungi isolated
from 29 traditional Chinese medicinal plants. The antioxidant capacities of the endophytic fungal cultures were significantly
correlated with their total phenolic contents, suggesting that phenolics were also the major antioxidant constituents of the
endophytes. Some of the endophytes were found to produce metabolites possessing strong antioxidant activities. Several bioactive
constituents from the fungal cultures and host plant extracts were identified. This investigation reveals that the metabolites
produced by a wide diversity of endophytic fungi in culture can be a potential source of novel natural antioxidants. 相似文献
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早熟禾亚科多种禾草可与Neotyphodium内生真菌形成禾草-内生真菌共生体, 这种植物-微生物共生体性状较为稳定, 且在自然界中广泛存在。禾草-内生真菌共生体稳定的互利共生关系不但保证了内生真菌所需的全部营养物质, 而且共生体产生的次生代谢物又可显著提高宿主禾草对生物胁迫的抗逆性。众多研究表明, 内生真菌的侵染可显著提高宿主禾草对虫害、病害及伴生植物等多种生物胁迫的抗性。据不完全统计, 禾草内生真菌对蛛形纲、线虫纲、昆虫纲3个纲至少79个种的害虫表现出较明显的抗性, 对至少22个种的病原真菌表现出明显的抗性。尽管利用内生真菌进行禾草品种选育及其品质改良的技术日趋成熟, 但是内生真菌在不同宿主禾草之间高效的替代转化技术, 及其在宿主体内遗传的稳定性仍有待于进一步深入探索。研究者把禾草内生真菌作为生防手段, 在未来的应用过程中不应只考虑其与宿主禾草之间的共生特异性, 而应更全面地分析禾草-内生真菌-生态环境之间的相互关系, 让内生真菌更好地为人类服务。 相似文献
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《植物生态学报》2015,39(6):621
Many grasses in the subfamily Pooideae develop symbioses with Neotyphodium fungal endophytes, which exist widely in nature. The stably symbiotic relationship not only ensures accessible nutrients required by Neotyphodium fungal endophytes, but also significantly increases the resistance of host grasses to biological stresses through the production of secondary metabolites. Previous studies show that infected grasses with endophytic fungi have prominently enhanced resistance to pests, plant diseases, companion plants and other biological stresses. Grass endophytic fungi show remarkable resistant to at least 79 species of pests from three classes; arachnida, nematode and insecta, and to at least 22 species of pathogenic fungi. Although the biotechnological application of endophytic fungi in grass breeding for variety selection and quality improvement has progressed well, opportunities remain for further exploring the use of fungal endophytes among different host grasses coupled with the examination of genetic stability of Neotyphodium in novel host grasses. In the future application of endophytic fungi as a bio-control method, researchers should not only consider specificities of host grasses, but also need to have comprehensive analysis and knowledge about the mutual relationships among grasses, endophytic fungi and ecological environments, which will help use endophytic fungi to better serve humanity. 相似文献